• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.218-223
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• 2006

Sensorineural hearing loss is frequently found in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). There have been many efforts to elucidate the etiologic factors of hearing loss in patients with CRF. However, there was not any clear identified cause of hearing loss. This study was undertaken to evaluate the activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) in CRF patients with hearing impairment. To determine MRC activity, peripheral blood cells were obtained from CRF patients with hearing impairment receiving dialysis and normal subjects without any hearing problems. MRC activity of complex I and complex III was measured by the Trounces method. In MRC activities between the normal subjects group and CRF patients with hearing problems, the complex I and III activities of CRF patients with hearing problems were 63% and 85% compared with normal subjects (p<0.01). These results suggest that the activity of MRC may be implicated in the underlying mechanism of the hearing impairment in CRF patients, through mitochondrial DNA mutations at MRC complex I region with a decrement of MRC activity.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.392-402
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• 2017

Background: Previously, we reported that Korean Red Ginseng inhibited liver fibrosis in mice and reduced the expressions of fibrogenic genes in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). The present study was undertaken to identify the major ginsenoside responsible for reducing the numbers of HSCs and the underlying mechanism involved. Methods: Using LX-2 cells (a human immortalized HSC line) and primary activated HSCs, MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide) assays were conducted to examine the cytotoxic effects of ginsenosides. $H_2O_2$ productions, glutathione contents, lactate dehydrogenase activities, mitochondrial membrane permeabilities, apoptotic cell subpopulations, caspase-3/-7 activities, transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining, and immunoblot analysis were performed to elucidate the molecular mechanism responsible for ginsenoside-mediated cytotoxicity. Involvement of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-related signaling pathway was examined using a chemical inhibitor and small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection. Results and conclusion: Of the 11 ginsenosides tested, 20S-protopanaxadiol (PPD) showed the most potent cytotoxic activity in both LX-2 cells and primary activated HSCs. Oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis induced by 20S-PPD was blocked by N-acetyl-$\text\tiny L$-cysteine pretreatment. In addition, 20S-PPD concentration-dependently increased the phosphorylation of AMPK, and compound C prevented 20S-PPD-induced cytotoxicity and mitochondrial dysfunction. Moreover, 20S-PPD increased the phosphorylation of liver kinase B1 (LKB1), an upstream kinase of AMPK. Likewise, transfection of LX-2 cells with LKB1 siRNA reduced the cytotoxic effect of 20S-PPD. Thus, 20S-PPD appears to induce HSC apoptosis by activating LKB1-AMPK and to be a therapeutic candidate for the prevention or treatment of liver fibrosis.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.323-329
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• 2010

Methiozolin (5-(2,6-difluoro-benzyloxymethyl)-5-methyl-3-(3-methyl- thiophen-2-yl)- 4,5-dihydro-isoxazole) is a new turf herbicide in isoxazoline chemistry. The herbicide controls grass weeds and has a high safety to various cool and warm season turfgrasses. This paper describes basic chemical, biological, and regulatory information of methiozolin.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.208-213
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• 2017

In this study, four inorganic pollutants (cadmium, chromium, manganese, lead), that could cause contamination events in drinking water distribution system, were selected and batch tests were carried out to determine the "minimum response concentration (MRC)", a part of Korean Contamination Warning system establishment. As the results, the minimum response concentration of cadmium was found to be 0.05 to 0.08 mg/L (0.005 mg/L : water quality standard) and that of chrome was 0.03 mg/L (0.05 mg/L). And the minimum reaction concentration was 0.005 mg/L for manganese (0.05 mg / L for water quality) and 0.02~0.08 mg/L for lead (0.01 mg/L).

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.161-174
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• 2013

This study was designed to evaluate the pain control effect by morphine injection to masticatory muscle pain patients. Patients with masticatory muscle pain visited the Department of Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital were recruited to this study and diagnosed by RDC/TMD. Experimental group were divided into four group; saline injection group (n=10), lidocaine injection group (n=10), morphine 1.5 mg injection group (n=10) and morphine 3 mg injection group (n=10). Evaluation list was the subjective pain evaluation(visual analogue scale, Mc Gill pain questionnaire, pain drawing) and the objective pain evaluation(pressure pain threshold, pressure pain tolerance) and evaluation time was injection before, after 1 hour, 24 hour, 48 hour and then it was analyzed statistically. The results were as follows : 1. The subjective pain evaluation were significantly different statistically in morphine 3 mg group after 48 hour. (VAS: p<0.01, MGQ: p<0.001, PD: p<0.05) 2. The objective pain evaluation were significantly different statistically in morphine 1.5 mg group after 1 hour. (PPT: p<0.01, PPTol: p<0.05) 3. The morphine 3 mg group were more significantly different than lidocaine group and morphine 1.5 mg group statistically in the McGill pain questionnaire evaluation. (1h: p<0.01, 24h: p<0.01, 48h: p<0.001) Therefore, it was revealed that the morphine 3 mg injection was effective to pain control for masticatory muscle pain patients within 48 hours and more effect than lidocaine injection.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.523-531
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• 2012

The performance simulation of a desiccant rotor, which is a core component of a desiccant cooling system, was conducted on the basis of a theoretical solution of the heat and mass transfer process in the rotor. The simulation model was validated by comparing simulation results with experimental data; reasonable agreement was observed. The effect of the rotation speed on the performance of the desiccant rotor was investigated for various operation conditions: temperature (50 to $70^{\circ}C$), humidity ratio (0.01 to 0.02 kg/kg DA), and flow rate of regeneration air. The optimum rotation speed was determined from the maximum moisture removal capacity (MRC) of the desiccant rotor, and it was found to vary with the operation conditions. Further, the correlation for the optimum rotation speed was determined by regression analysis.