• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.110-110
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• 2010

Suspension insulator have made use of porcelain insulator mainly, but polymer insulator is using recently. Polymer suspension insulator have advantage that it is light than porcelain insulator. The ageing performance is excellent and it is possible for mass production. There is high possibility of mountain fire because a lot of potential inflammables such as fallen leaves are stacked on the ground Therefore surface aging of polymer insulator most of the overhead transmission lines in Korea are operated on the mountain need analysis of transmission line into forest fire. surface aging property is analyzed by SEM, EDX, XPS, FTIR, DSC in this paper.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.8-17
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• 1989

Recent development of industry and urbanization in the interior of mountainous area increases the possibility of occurence of natural disaster, such as flood, landslide and deblis-flow. Erosion control facilities, which were the most significant activity to riverbed fixiation, were constructed at the downstream of the experimental basin. In the mountain torrents, the complex bed load transport has occurred by the drift of running water, and resulting in a formation of terrace deposits. Especially, channel migration caused by scouring and deposition frequently occurs at the wide areas of the river bed. Consequently, the unsymmetrical river bed charactristics indicate the degree of the channel migration.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.367-371
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• 2019

Many spiders belonging to Enoplognatha Pavesi, 1880 and Parasteatoda Archer, 1946 of Theridiidae were collected with sweep net between shrubs and bushes in the mountain forest during a survey of the mountain spider fauna. Among the spiders collected, male Enoplognatha gramineusa Zhu, 1998 and female Parasteatoda ryukyu (Yoshida 2000) were recognized as newly recorded spiders to Korean spider fauna. The present work describes these two spiders with measurements and morphological illustrations.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.100 no.2
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• pp.202-211
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• 2011

The geometric characteristics of step-pool structures and how they are influenced by channel characteristics were investigated in a steep mountain stream in the Experimental Forests of Kangwon National University in Chuncheon, Gangwon-do. Average values of steps for the study reaches were as follows: step spacing, 4.69 m; step height, 0.47 m; step drop, 0.71 m; step-forming particle sizes, 0.68 m; number, 21steps/ 100 m; the ratio of step spacing to channel width, 0.5; and step steepness, 0.13. Relationships between spacing and height of steps and channel gradient showed a negative- and positive correlation, respectively, whereas all geometric variables of steps manifested poor correlation with channel width. Therefore, step steepness, expressed as the ratio of step height to step spacing, increased as channel gradient increased. The ratio of step steepness to channel gradient representing the criterion of maximum flow resistance was 1.2, indicating the channel bed's stable condition. In particular, the relationship between the ratio of step drop to step height and channel gradient showed a significant negative correlation, suggesting the influence of step-pool geometry in trapping sediment and providing an aquatic habitat. Positive correlations also exist between spacing and drop of steps and step particles. Our findings suggest that the dynamics of step-pool structures may strongly control physical and ecological environments in steep mountain streams, so understanding them is essential for stream management.

• Weed & Turfgrass Science
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.54-61
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• 2018

Zoysiagrass (Zoysia spp.) exists spotly in Indonesia and it has potential to be used in parks, golf courses, and football fields. Many football fields and golf course fairways use sand as top soil over native soil. This study aims to analyze growth and quality of two native zoysiagrasses Zis and Zim. Zis is a native zoysiagrass collected in sea-side and Zim is a native zoysiagrass collected in mountain area. Both types of zoysiagrasses were planted at field with altitude of 300 m with various growing media mixes of sand and reservoir's sediment. Thickness of the growing medium was 10 cm over an alfisol clay soil. Experimental plots were constructed using factorial completely randomized design with two native zoysiagrasses and 5 types of growing media. Two ecotypes of native zoysiagrasses showed different in growth habits combined with mixtures of growth media. Zim showed higher growing speed including more vigor with uniformity and texture than Zis. There were not significanthly differences on leaf color and root length between two ecotypes of native zoysiagrasses collected in Indonesia.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2009.03a
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• pp.354-359
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• 2009

Land cover types of Hustai National Park (HNP) in Mongolia, a hotspot area with rare species, were classified and their temporal changes were evaluated using Landsat MSS TM/ETM data between 1994 and 2000. Maximum likelihood classification analysis showed an overall accuracy of 88.0% and 85.0% for the 1994 and 2000 images, respectively. Kappa coefficients associated with the classification were resulted to 0.85 for 1994 and 0.82 for 2000 image. Land cover types revealed significant temporal changes in the classification maps between 1994 and 2000. The area has increased considerably by $166.5km^2$ for mountain steppe. By contrast, agricultural areas and degraded areas affected by human being activity were decreased by $46.1km^2$ and $194.8km^2$ over the six year span, respectively. These areas were replaced by mountain steppe area. Specifically, forest area was noticeably fragmented, accompanied by the decrease of $\sim400$ ha. The forest area revealed a pattern with systematic gain and loss associated with the specific phenomenon called as forest free-south slope. We discussed the potential environmental conditions responsible for the systematic pattern and addressed other biological impacts by outbreaks of forest pests and ungulates.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.76 no.4
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• pp.348-356
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• 1987

A new simple method to estimate the earth quantity which is basic data for making the plan of mountain forest road is tried to develop as one of ways to reduce time cost of plan making. The zero-line surveying method, the concept of 2/3 road width in cut-away part and of same quantity between cut-away and fill-up earth which are the backgrounds to develop this method is introduced and explaned also it's theoritical propriety. Under the precondition which have to apply above concepts for constructing the mountain forest road the exchange table for estimating the earth quantity is made like table 3 and 4 through being calculated by a trigonometric function. Table 3 can be used to estimate the earth quantity on the cut-away road-width according to slope of terrain and different road-width, and table 4 can be applied to calculate the quantity of cut-away earth when to know the road-width of cut-away. When using these tables the performance of field surveying and office work for road plan will be highly increased.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.13-24
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• 2017

This study is to provide basic data on ecology and morpho-pedo milieu by analyzing diatom and grain size of Mt. Jeombong forest wetland. Sample was collected from 6 points and named sample 943, 932, 885, 881A, 881b, 849. Sample 934 could not identify diatom, and the soil layer was colluvium deposited by mass-movement process. Layer of sample 932 was developed in the lower velocity environment, and presence frequence of complete diatom was very low. Hydrological situation of sample 855 was analysed in oligosaprobien environments. Sample 881A was meso-saprobic environments, velocity was slow area that inhabit musci bryopsida and sphaerocarpus. Sample 881B was acidic wetland in oligosaprobien environments. Sample 849 was analysed in oligosaprobien environments. The results of soil and diatom analysis are well reflect on wet environments of mountain wetlands and also it will expected to be in the help of environmental changes study of mountain wetlands.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.99-109
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• 2008

This study conducted 6 times of roadkill investigations in national road 121 km (about 10%) of Chungcheongnam-do. As a result of the investigation, 94 individuals were found dead on the road. The roadkill statuses by construction of road were 44 times (1.13 times/km) at two traffic lanes, 1 time (1.90 times/km) at three lanes, and 23 times (0.35 times/km) at four traffic lanes. Also, land use on the frequency of roadkill were 26 times between mountain region and cultivated land, 25 times between cultivated land and cultivated land, and 20 times between mountain region and mountain region. So, particular attention is needed at the construction and facilities of road to reduce roadkill.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.11-23
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• 2011

Mountain streams, which are major components of an entire river network, play an important role as the source of water, sediment, coarse and fine organic matter, and nutrients for lowland rivers. Therefore, dynamics and downstream linkages of each compartment of the mountain stream can be essential for watershed management in catchment scale. The dynamics and downstream linkages are understood as a development of step-pool sequences along a river course. Recently, stream restoration after flooding event often employ the development of step-pool sequences in the world. In this paper, we 1) examined the geomorphic characteristics and the role of step-pool sequences in steep mountain streams by reviewing the results of past studies, and 2) introduced the case studies of stream restoration using step-pool sequences, and finally 3) addressed design methods considering geometry and stability of artificial step-pool sequences for stream restoration. Step-pool sequences play an important role not only as roughness with energy dissipation but also as heterogeneity of stream feature for aquatic habitat. Step-pool sequences, even if they are constructed artificially along a stream, may be effective for small stream restoration considering eco-friendly torrent controls. So far the artificial step-pool sequences were employed for mountainous streams, but those would be applied to urban stream.