• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.16-34
• /
• 2023

Herpes zoster (HZ) results from the reactivation of a varicella-zoster virus infection and is accompanied by moderate-to-severe pain in most patients. The most common treatment is medication; however, there are still limitations. Acupuncture reportedly has meaningful therapeutic effects and is a possible alternative option in HZ. However, no systematic reviews examining the use of acupuncture and electro-acupuncture (EA) alone have been published; in this study, we therefore aimed to systematically review those techniques. We searched for clinical trials of acupuncture and EA treatment for HZ up to October 2022. Trials that used acupuncture were included. Outcomes were visual analog scale (VAS) and effective rate. Secondary outcomes were time to pain relief, time to pain elimination, incrustation, decrustation, lastly incidence of post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN). In total, 22 randomized controlled trials were included in this research. Compared with conventional medication therapy, acupuncture was associated with a significant improvement in VAS, effective rate, and times to pain relief and elimination. Times to new blister cessation, incrustation, and decrustation (days) were significantly improved. Furthermore, the incidence rate of PHN was lower in acupuncture groups. The results suggest that acupuncture could be a reasonable treatment option for patients with HZ who suffer from pain and accompanying symptoms.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and information Science
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.37-45
• /
• 1997

With rapid increase of information requirements from various application areas, there has been much research on dynamic information storage structures that effectively support insertions, deletions and updates. In this appear we evaluate the performance of he existing dynamic signature file methods such as the S-tree, Quick Filter and HS file and provide guidelines for the most effective usage to a given operational environment. We derive analytic performance evaluation models of the storage structures based on retrieval time, storage overhead and insertion time. We also perform extensive experiments with various data distributions such as uniform, normal and exponential distributions. The relationships among various performance parameters are throughly investigated. We show through performance comparison based on analytic models and experiments that regardless of data distribution, the HS file significantly improves performance in both the retreival time and the storage overhead over S-tree and Quick Filter.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.8-14
• /
• 1980

In order to establish effective production o( ginseng extracts from tail ginseng, the tail ginseng was soaked in the different concentration and the amount of ethanol, and iii course of the time and duration of the extraction. The yield of ginseng extract, proximate chemical components and its saponin pattern were investigated. The results obtained are as follows: 1. The amount of tail ginseng extracts decreased in accordance with the increment of ethanol concentration. The yield of the extracts were 50.86%, 44.42%, 37.82%, 35.52% and 33.42% extracted by water.30%. 50%, 70%, and 90% ethanol, respectively. 2. The reasonable proportion of tail ginseng and solvent (35% ethanol) u·as 1 : 4 (42.68%)∼1 : 6 (45.92%) 3. The yield of tail ginseng extract increased according to the extraction time, but it was the most suitable that the tail ginseng extracted for 5 hour (43.32%)∼10 hour (45.60%). 4. The chemical composition and viscosity of tail ginseng extract was decreased but it's transmittance was increased, and the saponin pattern of T.L.C. showed same tendency in the course of extraction time.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.261-264
• /
• 2002

The physiologically relevant functional properties of various solvent extracts from Salicornia herbacea leaves were investigated by measuring lipid peroxidation, DPPH radical scavenging, nitrite scavenging, and xanthine oxidase inhibition. Ethyl ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and n-butanol fractions obtained from the 80% aqueous ethanol extracts of Salicornia herbacea leaves showed strong antioxidative activities in linoleic acid methyl esters. Peroxide values (POV) were not significantly different among the samples treated with the different fractions; the incubation time required to reach a peroxide value of 80 meq/kg was about 40 hrs. However, control linoleic acid methyl esters had POV of more than 480 meq/kg after 40 hrs. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the ethyl acetate fraction was much more effective than diethyl ether, n-butanol, chloroform and water fractions, with an $IC_{50}$/ of 279 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL, but less effective than ascorbic acid ($IC_{50}$/ : 67 $\mu\textrm{g}$/mL). The nitrite scavenging activities of all fractions increased as pH decreased. Among the fractions, nitrite scavenging activities of diethyl ether and ethyl acetate fractions at pH 1.2 were highest at 59.0 and 56.2%, respectively. The diethyl ether fraction obtained from the 80% aqueous ethanol extract of Salicornia herbacea loaves was the most effective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase of all the solvent extracts at 84% inhibition for a 1 mg/mL concentration. These results suggest that Salicornia herbacea leaf extracts may be effective antioxidants, not only in food stability, but also in human health.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.115-123
• /
• 2018

In this paper, we consider the applicability of time-hopping(TH) systems for anti-jamming(AJ) communication. We first briefly summarize fundamentals of TH systems and several common jamming scenarios that have been considered in the literature. We then analyze the AJ performance of TH systems under those common jamming environments. From our simulation results, we reveal that among narrow band, partial band, broadband, and sweep jamming, partial band and sweep jamming are the best ones from jammer perspective. For the partial band jamming case, we show that the most effective bandwidth ratio and location are 50 % and 2.5-3.5 Ghz, respectively. For the sweep jamming case, we illustrate that the AJ performance of the TH system is enhanced when the sweep duration approaches to the bit duration. In addition, we pointed out that the most efficient jamming bandwidth ratio is 1/2. Finally, our results show that the TH-BPSK system greatly outperforms the TH-PPM counterpart.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
• /
• 2009.06a
• /
• pp.454-455
• /
• 2009

Selective emitter structure have an important research subject for crystalline silicon solar cells because it is used in production for high efficiency solar cells. A selective emitter structure with highly doped regions underneath the metal contacts is widely known to be one of the most promising high-efficiency solution in solar cell processing. Since most of the selective emitter processes require expensive extra masking and double steps process. Formation of selective emitters is not cost effective. One method that satisfies these requirements is the method of screen-printing with a phosphorus doping paste. In this paper we researched two groups of selective emitter structure process. One was using dopant paste, and the other was using solid source, in order to compare their uniformity, sheet resistance and performance condition time.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.31 no.7
• /
• pp.597-603
• /
• 2007

A predictive controller can solve a control problem related to a disturbance-dominant system such as roll stabilization of a ship in waves. In this paper, a predictive controller is developed for a fin stabilizer. Future wave-induced moment is modeled simply using two typical regular wave components for which six parameters are identified by the recursive Fourier transform and the least squares method using the past time series of the roll motion. After predicting the future wave-induced moment, optimal control theory is applied to discover the most effective command fin angle that will stabilize the roll motion. In the results, wave prediction performance is investigated, and the effectiveness of the predictive controller is compared to a conventional PD controller.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
• /
• v.30 no.1
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2008

Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum has become a severe problem on tobacco in Korea. No effective single control measure is available at present time. One of the most potential way for controlling the bacterial wilt on tobacco is growing tobacco cultivars resistant to the bacterial wilt. In this study, optimal conditions for screening tobacco cultivars resistant to the bacterial wilt were examined to provide reproducible and efficient methods in growth chamber testing and field experiments for evaluating plant disease resistance. For this, already-known inoculation methods, inoculum densities, and incubation temperature, and plant growth stages at the time of inoculation were compared using tobacco cultivars resistant (Nicotiana tabacum cv, NC95), moderately resistant (N. tabacum cv. SPG70), and susceptible (N. tabacum BY4) to the bacterial disease. It was determined that root-dipping of tobacco seedlings at six true leaf stage into the bacterial suspension with inoculum level of $10^8$ colony-forming units (CFU)/ml for 20 min before transplanting was simple and most efficient in testing for resistance to the bacterial wilt of tobacco caused by R. solanacearum, for which disease incidences and severities were examined at 2 weeks of plant growth after inoculation at $20{\sim}25^{\circ}C$ in a growth chamber. These experimental conditions could discriminate one tobacco cultivar from the others by disease severity better than any other experimental conditions. In field testing, the optimum time for examining the disease occurrence was late June through early July. These results can be applied to establishing a technical manual for the screening of resistant tobacco cultivars against the bacterial wilt caused by R. solanacearum.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.89-103
• /
• 2023

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the most prevalent sleep disorders that can lead to serious consequences, including hypertension and/or cardiovascular diseases, if not treated promptly. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is widely recognized as the most effective treatment for OSA, which needs the proper titration of airway pressure to achieve the most effective treatment results. However, the process of CPAP titration can be time-consuming and cumbersome. There is a growing importance in predicting personalized CPAP pressure before CPAP treatment. The primary objective of this study was to optimize the CPAP titration process for obstructive sleep apnea patients through EEG feature engineering with machine learning techniques. We aimed to identify and utilize the most critical EEG features to forecast key OSA predictive indicators, ultimately facilitating more precise and personalized CPAP treatment strategies. Here, we analyzed 126 OSA patients' PSG datasets before and after the CPAP treatment. We extracted 29 EEG features to predict the features that have high importance on the OSA prediction index which are AHI and SpO2 by applying the Shapley Additive exPlanation (SHAP) method. Through extracted EEG features, we confirmed the six EEG features that had high importance in predicting AHI and SpO2 using XGBoost, Support Vector Machine regression, and Random Forest Regression. By utilizing the predictive capabilities of EEG-derived features for AHI and SpO2, we can better understand and evaluate the condition of patients undergoing CPAP treatment. The ability to predict these key indicators accurately provides more immediate insight into the patient's sleep quality and potential disturbances. This not only ensures the efficiency of the diagnostic process but also provides more tailored and effective treatment approach. Consequently, the integration of EEG analysis into the sleep study protocol has the potential to revolutionize sleep diagnostics, offering a time-saving, and ultimately more effective evaluation for patients with sleep-related disorders.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.129-137
• /
• 2001

A random sampling or systematic sampling method is commonly used to assess the accuracy of classification results. In remote sensing, with these sampling methods, much time and tedious work are required to acquire sufficient ground truth data. So, a more effective sampling method that can represent the characteristics of the population is required. In this study, fractal analysis is adopted as an index for reference sampling. The fractal dimensions of the whole study area and the sub-regions are calculated to select sub-regions that have the most similar dimensionality to that of the whole area. Then the whole area's classification accuracy is compared with those of sub-regions, and it is verified that the accuracies of selected sub-regions are similar to that of whole area. A new kind of reference sampling method using the above procedure is proposed. The results show that it is possible to reduce sampling area and sample size, while keeping the same level of accuracy as the existing methods.