• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.527-544
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• 2008

Generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) is frequently applied in hydrologic extreme value analysis. The main objective of statistics of extremes is the prediction of rare events, and the primary problem has been the estimation of the threshold and the exceedances which were difficult without an accurate method of calculation. In this paper, to obtain the threshold or the exceedances, four methods were considered. For this comparison a GPD model was used to estimate parameters and quantiles for the seven durations (1, 2, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours) and the ten return periods (2, 3, 5, 10, 20, 30, 50, 70, 80 and 100 years). The parameters and quantiles of the three-parameter generalized Pareto distribution were estimated with three methods (MOM, ML and PWM). To estimate the degree of fit, three methods (K-S, CVM and A-D test) were performed and the relative root mean squared error (RRMSE) was calculated for a Monte Carlo generated sample. Then the performance of these methods were compared with the objective of identifying the best method from their number.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.37-49
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• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of Respiratory Capacity by Vojta's treatment in children with spastic cerebral palsy. Method : The subjects of this study, children diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy, 12 patients were picked up, who were agreed with this research and were having hospital care for 4weeks at MH and PR medical centers. Result : In comparison of Respiratory muscle activity and Phonation capacity were significant in the group(p<.01) and MPT and Rectus abd(Rt) were significantly correlated in the pre test and SMR and Ex/oblique (Lt) were significantly correlated in the post test. Conclusion : Therefore, the Vojta's treatment is useful to improve the Respiratory muscle activity and Phonation capacity in children with spastic cerebral palsy.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.293-294
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• 2017

대기-해양-천문 수치 모델은 주로 3차원 모델이고, 3차원적 해석을 위해서는 사용자가 쉽게 접근하고 사용할 수 있는 3차원 과학적 가시화 도구가 필요하다. 이러한 요구에 대응하기 위하여 무료/오픈소스 기반의 3차원 과학적 가시화 도구인 VAPOR가 사용자 친화적인 방향으로 개발되고 있다. VAPOR는 대기모델 WRF, CAM, GRIMs, 해양모델 MOM4, POP, ROMS의 직접 가시화가 가능하며, VAPOR 자료 형식 변환 과정을 통하여 천문 분야 모델(RAMSES) 가시화도 가능하다. 매년 개발을 통하여, VAPOR는 사용자가 많이 사용하는 일반적인 2, 3차원 표출 기능과 단순 통계 기능을 제공하게 되었으며, 향후 다중 모델 동시 표출 기능도 제공할 계획이다.

• The Proceeding of the Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.30-39
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• 1994

The resonant frequency, reflection cofficient and input impedance of a microstrip transverse dipole coupled electromagnetically are calculated using Finite Difference Time Domain(FDTD) method, and the evolution of gaussian pulse and spatial distribution of electromagnetic field components in the computation domain is represented graphically. Also, we confirmed the computation results show good agreement with the results of Method of Moment(MOM) and experiment[8] reported in the literature.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.47-57
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• 2014

The horro movie which was released in 2003, was a box office hit drawing audiences totaling 3,140,000 people. Then, there were partial opinions that it was difficult to understand the content of the movie. However, it was most favorably received in the horror movies which were released before and after 2003. The 4 main characters in the movie are a family. The family conflicts begin as the dad has an affair. Muhyeon(the dad)'s infidelity leads his wife to kill herself. The suicide of the wife and mom again leads Suyeon(the younger sister) to be dead. At this moment, Suyeon's death is related to Eunju(the step mom). Sumi(the older sister) is deeply hurt by the fact that Eunju left her younger sister's death after she was dead. But at the same time, she realizes that she is also related to Eunju's act. And she felt guilty about her younger sister's death. Eunju was also hurt by Sumi's biting remarks. However, she feels guilty about the fact that she made Suyeon be dead. Director Jiun Kim said in the interview when it was released, "this movie is about hurts and guilt among families." These hurts and guilt are expressed by horror images that imagination and reality are mixed. Hurts are expressed by virtual images and guilt is done by real images. This paper presented still pictures which explain the virtual and real images and examined what hurts and guilt mean. And it described the symbolic meanings of three media which cause conflicts among main characters.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.40-49
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• 2007

This study was done to investigate the health-related habits, dietary intakes and serum lipid levels in overweight and obese women by body mass index(BMI). Subjects were 137 pre-menopausal women aged 19 to 49 years. They were divided by 3 groups, overweight($23{\leqq}BMI<25$), obese($25{\leqq}BMI<30$) and morbidly obese($BMI{\geq}30$) according to their BMI. Body composition was determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis(BIA) method. Dietary intakes were examined by 3-day record method and nutrient intakes were analyzed by the Computer Aided Nutritional analysis program for professionals(CAN-pro 3.1). Serum lipid levels were measured using automatic biochemical analyzer(Selectra E). The average age, height weight and BMI of subjects were 31.7 years old, 159.3cm, 69.4kg, and $27.4kg/m^2$, respectively. Their average consumption of energy were 1712kca1 and 86.4% of estimated energy requirement(EER). Their mom ratio of carbohydrate:protein:fat was 55.2:14.6:30.2. Particularly, the fat consumption of subjects tended to be elevated with increasing BMI. There was no significant difference in nutrient intakes among 3 groups. But the mom intakes of Ca, Fe, vitamin C and Na of all the subjects were 70.1%, 81.2%, 75.7% of recommended intake(RI) and 258.9% of adequate intake(AI), respectively, The intakes of vegetables and seaweeds were significantly higher in morbidly obese group while the intake of fruits was higher in overweight group compared to the other groups. Serum lipid analysis showed that there were no significant differences in the levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL-cholesterol among the groups. But the serum HDL-cholesterol level of the overweight group was significantly higher than that of the other groups. LDL-/HDL-cholesterol ratio and AI index were significantly higher in the morbidly obese group compared to the other groups. In addition, The systolic blood pressure of morbidly obese group was significantly higher compared to the other groups. Overall data suggest that morbidly obese women have to more concern about reducing systolic blood pressure and nm lipid levels by decreasing their fat consumption and salt intakes as well as loosing body fat. In addition, all the subjects participated in this study have to be careful about their meals and health-related behaviors in order to prevent obesity-related chronic diseases.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.59-80
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of the present study was to find out the development of 4-year-old children's emerging poetry composition process and features of poetic expression through their own forest experiences. This research also aims to explore the possibility of alternative poetry education for early childhood. Methods: This study collected data from one class of four-year olds through classroom observation, interviews with teachers, and the researcher's journal entries on events that occurred during forest walking activities. Results: Research findings showed that it was possible to encourage free expression of metaphors and imagination in children and they were able to share excitement about poetry with their classmates when provided with an alternative environment. One remarkable finding was that children's spontaneous writing and pleasure in poetry did not continue when given the new theme of 'Mom and Dad'. Conclusion/Implications: The results imply that to encourage the development of children's intuitive poetic words we need to be interested in how to organize and highlight the experiences of children. This study also suggests that positive methodological and teleological changes are needed for poetry education that is separate from language education.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.171-180
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report the clinical course of a patient with mixed hemorrhoids treated with Korean medicine alone. Methods: A patient visited for an mixed hemorrhoids was treated with Korean herbal medicine. The effects of the treatment were evaluated via photography of hemorrhoids and symptoms of pain, bleeding, prolapse, itching, discharge and Total Symptom Score(TSS). Results: After treatment, in photography before and after, the size of hemorrhoids was reduced and lost. Scores of Pain (4→0), bleeding (3→0), prolapse (3→2), itching (0→0), discharge (1→0) and TSS (11.5->3) were observed. Conclusion: In light of the reduced size of hemorrhoids and scores of symptoms, herbal medicine might be a possible treatment method on mixed hemorrhoids.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.902-915
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• 2004

Science drama can be an useful tool for understanding the nature of science, Science-Technology-Society relationship by providing indirect experiences to young students. Specific science concept and knowledge can also be learned with high interests. In this study, to explore the usefulness of science drama in elementary science lessons, two scripts of science drama and lesson plans were developed and implemented. Six step model for science drama lessons was also suggested. One was 'Manhattan Project' which dealt with social, ethical responsibility in using science & technology (science argument drama), and the other was 'Mom, My blood type is O' which explained the heredity of blood type (science concept drama). Two teachers were asked to write their journals during preparation and implementation of science drama lessons, and the lessons were observed by the researcher and video taped for analysis. Some students were interviewed just after the lessons by the teacher and all students were asked to write their impressions, change of their thought, what is leant etc. Overall responses of students and teachers on the two science drama lessons were very positive, 'Mom, My blood type is O' got more positive responses, and girls were more positive than boys. Some students anticipated another science drama even suggest topics for it. 'Mom, My blood type is O' was successful in making students (grade 3) understand the knowledge related with heredity of blood type (71% of the students got perfect answer). In 'Manhattan Project' students (grade 5) perceived more diverse location of responsibility after the lesson, but the danger and harmfulness of atomic power was embossed. This implied the need of more careful planning for the relevant learning activities before and after the play of science drama.Two teachers perceived the science drama as a new, useful tool for some subject which is hard to deal with by other teaching method. They were also satisfied with students' high interest and engagement during the science drama lessons but the extra time and effort for the lessons were pointed out as a main difficulties.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.422-429
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• 2009

Invasion and metastasis is the main cause of cancer mortality. Angiogenesis is a prerequisite for the tumor growth and metastasis. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are the key enzymes playing in the invasive growth and metastasis of cancer as well as angiogenesis. Xanthohumol, a prenylated chalcone of the Hop plant (Humulus lupulus L), has been reported to suppress cancer invasion and angiogenesis. In the present study, we investigated the antiinvasive effects of xanthohumol (1) and its synthetic derivatives, 4'-O-methylxanthohumol SEM ether (2), xanthohumol C (3), and xanthohumol C MOM ether (4) in relation to MMP expression in HT-1080 human fibrosarcoma cells. The compound 1 and its derivative, 3 and 4, significantly inhibited serum-induced HT-1080 cell invasion, and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-enhanced activity and expression level of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in a concentration-dependant manner. In addition, they inhibited TPA-enhanced expression of MT1-MMP with relatively weak inhibition in tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1 and TIMP-2 level. The compound 1 significantly decreased the cell viability, whereas the derivatives, 2 and 3 showed no cytotoxicity, and compound 4 showed slight cytotoxicity in the cells. Furthermore, in a chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay, the derivatives 3 and 4 dose-dependently suppressed vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-induced angiogenesis, which is similar to that of compound 1. Taken together, the results indicate that compounds 3 and 4 may be valuable anti-angiogenic agents in the treatment of chronic diseases such as cancer and inflammation working through suppression of MMP-2 and MMP-9.