• Title/Summary/Keyword: MINIMUM AREA

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Efficient Construction of Euclidean Minimum Spanning Tree Using Partial Polynomial-Time Approximation Scheme in Unequality Node Distribution (비 균등 노드 분포환경에서 부분 PTAS를 이용한 효과적인 유클리드 최소신장트리 생성)

  • Kim, In-Bum;Kim, Soo-In
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.71-80
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    • 2014
  • Employing PTAS to building minimum spanning tree for a large number of equal distribution input terminal nodes can be a effective way in execution time. But applying PTAS to building minimum spanning tree for tremendous unequal distribution node may lead to performance degradation. In this paper, a partial PTAS reflecting the scheme into specific node dense area is presented. In the environment where 90% of 50,000 input terminal nodes stand close together in specific area, approximate minimum spanning tree by our proposed scheme can show about 88.49% execution time less and 0.86%tree length less than by existing PTAS, and about 87.57%execution time less and 1.18% tree length more than by Prim's naive scheme. Therefore our scheme can go well to many useful applications where a multitude of nodes gathered around specific area should be connected efficiently as soon as possible.

A Study on Improving Minimum Level of Service for Public Transportation Using Altteul Transport Card Data (알뜰교통카드를 활용한 대중교통 최소서비스 수준 분석 기준 개선 방안 연구)

  • Sangwoo Shim;Junyoung Joung;Kwankyo Oh;Minseok Kim
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.22 no.3
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    • pp.104-115
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    • 2023
  • User-centered public transportation services such as DRT, Autonomous Transit etc. have been provied but current minimum level of service for public transportation has been evaluated by the operator because there is no data on user's accessibility to use public transportation. This study was performed GRID analysis using altteul transport card data including user's accessibility to use public transportation. The analysis result showed that user's accessibility to use public transportation was different within a same dong area. We proposed improving minimum level of service for public transportation considered by the user. The result of applying the proposed method showed that many area was changed to unsatisfied area for minimum level of service for public transportation

Optimum Design of Multi-Stacking Current Lead Using HTS Tapes (고온초전도 테이프를 이용한 적층형 전류 도입선의 최적설계)

  • 설승윤;김민수;나필선
    • Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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    • v.3 no.1
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    • pp.35-39
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    • 2001
  • The optimum cross-sectional area profile of gas-cooled high-temperature superconductor(HTS) current lead is analyzed to have minimum helium boil-off rate. The conventional constant area HTS lead has much higher helium consumption than the optimum HTS lead considered in this study. The optimum HTS lead has variable cross-sectional area to have constant satiety factor. An analytical formula of optimum shape of lead and temperature profile are obtained. For multi-stacking HTS current leads, the optimum tape lengths and minimum heat dissipation rate are also formulated. The developed formulations are applied to the Bi-2223 material, and the differences between constant area, constant safety-factor, and multi-stacking current leads are discussed.

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Optimal Design of Multi-Step Current Leads Using HTS Tapes (고온초전도 테이프를 이용한 다단 전류 도입선의 최적설계)

  • 김민수;나필선;설승윤
    • Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Applied Superconductivity and Cryogenics Conference
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    • 2001.02a
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    • pp.84-88
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    • 2001
  • The optimum cross-sectional area Profile of gas-cooled high-temperature superconductor (HTS) current lead is analyzed to have minimum helium boil-off rate. The conventional constant area HTS lead has much higher helium consumption than the optimum HTS lead considered in this study. The optimum HTS lead has variable cross-sectional area to have constant safety factor. An analytical formula of optimum shape of lead and temperature profile are obtained. For multi-step HTS current leads, the optimum tape lengths and minimum heat dissipation rate are also formulated. The developed formulations are applied to the Bi-2223 material, and the differences between constant area, constant safety-factor, and multi-step current leads are discussed.

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Automated design of optimum longitudinal reinforcement for flexural and axial loading

  • Tomas, Antonio;Alarcon, Antonio
    • Computers and Concrete
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    • v.10 no.2
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    • pp.149-171
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    • 2012
  • The problem of a concrete cross section under flexural and axial loading is indeterminate due to the existence of more unknowns than equations. Among the infinite solutions, it is possible to find the optimum, which is that of minimum reinforcement that satisfies certain design constraints (section ductility, minimum reinforcement area, etc.). This article proposes the automation of the optimum reinforcement calculation under any combination of flexural and axial loading. The procedure has been implemented in a program code that is attached in the Appendix. Conventional-strength or high-strength concrete may be chosen, minimum reinforcement area may be considered (it being possible to choose between the standards ACI 318 or Eurocode 2), and the neutral axis depth may be constrained in order to guarantee a certain sectional ductility. Some numerical examples are presented, drawing comparisons between the results obtained by ACI 318, EC 2 and the conventional method.

A Design Methodology for The Minimum DIE Area of Power MOSFET's Considering Thermal Resistance of the Package (Package 의 열저항을 고려한 전력용 MOSFET의 최소 DIE 면적 설계)

  • Kim, Soo-Seong;Kim, Il-Jung;Choi, Yearn-Ik;Han, Min-Koo
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 1993.07b
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    • pp.1286-1288
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    • 1993
  • An analytical method for the optimum design of the minimum die size in power MOSFETs is presented. The proposed methodology considers the thermal resistance of the package and gives the minimum die area for desired drain current levels. The results are compared with experimental data and it is found that the die size mar be reduced if it is designed according to the proposed design procedure.

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Minimum Sampling Size and Minimun Quadrat Number for Weed Data Collection in Transplanted Rice (이앙답에서 식생분석을 위한 최소표본추출 방법에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Soon-Chul;Keith Moody
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.319-322
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    • 1983
  • Species-area and species-quadrat number curves were used to determine the minimum sampling size and the minimum quadrat number for weed data collection in transplanted rice. In both cases, characteristic curves that first increased abruptly and then leveled off as fewer species were added with increased sampling size or quadrat number were obtained. Using these techniques, it was determined that three quadrats each 0.3㎡ (0.5m ${\times}$0.6m) in area were needed to adequately represent the weed community when it was sampled at rice heading.

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Characteristics and Trends of Tropical Night Occurrence in South Korea for Recent 50 Years (1958-2007) (우리나라에서 최근 50년 (1958-2007)간 열대야 발생 특성 및 변화 경향)

  • Park, Woo-Sun;Suh, Myoung-Seok
    • Atmosphere
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.361-371
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    • 2011
  • In this study, characteristics and trends of tropical night (TN) are investigated by using the KMA 14 observation data for the recent 50 years (1958-2007) over South Korea. The TN is defined as a day with a daily minimum temperature exceeds the absolute threshold temperature ($25^{\circ}C$), and the relative deviation from normal temperature, 95th percentile of all observed daily minimum temperature. Although the spatial distribution of TN occurrence depends on the choice of the definitions, the frequency of TN shows strong spatial and interannual variations with the minimum at high land area (Chupungnyeong and wet years) and maximum at southern coastal area and large city area (Jeju, Busan, Seoul, Daegu). Most of TN occurs in August (56%) and July (41%), and the duration date of TN is proportional to the frequency of TN without regard to the definition method. In general, increasing trends are found in the TN time series without regard to the analysis method, but the trends are clearly depending on the analysis period and geographic locations. Decreasing trends are prominent during the most of analysis period, especially until the mid of 1990, whereas strong increasing trends are found during recent 30 years (1988-2007), especially at Jeju, Ulsan, Daegu and Pohang. Also the severity of TN is significantly increased in recent years.

Determination on the Optimal Sample Size in the Aquatic Insect Community Analysis - Pangtae Creek Model (수서곤충 군집분석에 있어서 최적표본크기의 결정 - 방태천 모형)

  • 윤일병;노태호;이성진;박재홍;배연재
    • The Korean Journal of Ecology
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    • v.21 no.5_1
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    • pp.409-418
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    • 1998
  • A molel study was conducted to determine the optimal sample size for the analysis of the aquatic insect community in a stream reach of the Pangtae Creek, Kangwon-do in October 1995 and may 1996. The results showed that the required minimum sample size varied and depended on the purposes of the community analysis. Acoording to the Species: Area Curve method, at least 16 Surber samplings ($30{\times}30cm$) were required in a stream reach in each spring and fall survey. The species diversity index did not vary significantly as the sample size increased. Based on the coefficient of variation analysis, the minimum sample sizes of 10 were required in order to compare seasonal differences of the community in the study area. Considering the static community structure of aquatic insects, including both species numbers and individual numbers of aquatic insects, 11 and 7 samplings were optimal sizes for the fall and spring survey, respectively. We concluded that 12 Surber samplings from 3 riffle-pool sequences (4 samplings at each riffle-pool sequence) would be required in a stream reach (length 1 km) to obtain reliable as well as cost efficient data. Our model showed that the optimal sample size should be determined by interactions between minimum sample size, the degree of data reliability, and cost efficiency.

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The Layout Design of Structured Building Block Integrated Circuit (조립된 Building Block IC의 설계디자인의 문제)

  • Yi, Cheon-Hee
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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    • v.24 no.6
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    • pp.1056-1067
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    • 1987
  • This paper presents a design procedure for building block integrated circuits that is based on the digraph relaxation model. A set of optimization procedure is prosented for a minimum area and routing-fecsible placement of IC building blocks. Chip area optimization is subject to perimeter and area constraints on the component rectangles in the dissection.

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