• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.83-87
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• 2004

Phase noise performance and current consumption of Radio Frequency (RF) Voltage-Controlled Oscillator (VCO) are largely dependent on the Quality (Q) factor of inductor-capacitor (LC) tank. Because the Q-factor of LC tank is determined by on-chip spiral inductor, we designed, analyzed, and modeled on-chip differential inductor to enhance differential Q-factor, reduce current consumption and save silicon area. The simulated inductance is 3.3 nH and Q-factor is 15 at 2 GHz. Self-resonance frequency is as high as 13 GHz. To verify its use to RF applications, we designed 2 GHz differential LC VCO. The measurement result of phase noise is -112 dBc/Hz at an offset frequency of 100 kHz from a 2GHz carrier frequency. Tuning range is about 500 MHz (25%), and current consumption varies from 5mA to 8.4 mA using bias control technique. Implemented in $0.35-{\mu}m$ SiGe BiCMOS technology, the VCO occupies $400\;um{\times}800\;um$ of silicon area.

• 전자공학회논문지D
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• 제34D권10호
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• pp.14-23
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• 1997

An MMIC downconverting mixer for cellular phone application has been successfully developed using an MMIC process including $1 \mu\textrm{m}$ ion implanted gaAs MESFET and passive lumped elements consisting of spiral inductor, $Si_3N_4$ MIM capacitor and NiCr resistor. The configuration of the mixer presented in this paper is single-ended dual-gate FET mixer with common-source self-bias circuits for single power supply operation. The dimension of the fabricated circuit is $1.4 mm \times 1.03 mm $ including all input matching circuits and a mixing circuit. The conversion gian and noise figure of the mixer at LO powr of 0 dBm are 5.5dB and 19dB, respectively. The two-tone IM3 characteristics are also measured, showing -60dBc at RF power of -30dBm. Allisolations between each port show better than 20dB.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제21권6호통권102호
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• pp.86-94
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• 2006

기존의 통합 네트워크 기술은 사업자 내에서 개별 프로파일을 구축하고 개별 인증을 제공했지만 All-IP 기반의 통방 융합 서비스 환경에서 효과적인 서비스 제어와 가입자관리를 위해 통합 프로파일 관리 체계 및 통합 인증이 가능해야 한다. 이를 실현하기위한 통합 프로파일 관리 및 통합 인증 기술 분야의 주요 목표 기술은 사업자간 연동프로파일 관리 및 인증 제어 기술, 유무선 가입자/서비스 프로파일 관리 및 유무선 가입자 통합 인증 제어 기술, 통신.방송 융합 프로파일 관리 및 통합 인증 제어 기술 등을 들 수 있다. 본 고에서는 BcN 내에서 수행되는 서비스와 장비들을 가장 효율적으로 활용하기 위해서 유무선 통합 네트워크/서비스 제어 기술의 표준화 현황에 대해 살펴보고, 가입자 프로파일 관리 및 통합 인증 제어구조와 기술 개발 동향에 대해 기술한다.

• 한국정보처리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보처리학회 2009년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.925-926
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• 2009

All IP 기반 BcN(Broadband Convergence Network)의 발전과 단말 기술의 발전은 언제 어디에서나 임의의 단말을 통해 웹과 같은 데이터 서비스, 통화 서비스, 스트리밍 서비스를 동시에 이용하는 것을 가능하게 하였다. 주로 TV를 통한 멀티미디어 콘텐츠 서비스가 PC와 모바일 단말 상에서도 가능해 졌으며, PC를 중심으로 사용되던 웹 기반 서비스가 TV와 모바일 단말에서도 사용이 가능해지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 서비스 이용환경을 향상시키기 위해 특정 단말에서 이용 중인 서비스를 다른 단말에서 끊김 없이 이용할 수 있도록 하는 서비스 세션 이동성을 보장하는 메커니즘에 대해서 살펴보고, 웹 기반 서비스의 세션 이동성 보장에 관한 기존 연구를 비교 분석하고, 향후 연구 방향을 정립하고자 한다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.417-427
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• 2008

Comparison of maps and QTLs between populations may provide us with a better understanding of molecular maps and the inheritance of traits. We developed and used two reciprocal $BC_1F_1$ populations, IP/DS//IP and IP/DS//DS, for QTL analysis. DS (Dasanbyeo) is a Korean tongil-type cultivar (derived from an indica x japonica cross and similar to indica in its genetic make-up) and IP (Ilpumbyeo) is a Korean japonica cultivar. We constructed two molecular linkage maps corresponding to each backcross population using 196 markers for each map. The length of each chromosome was longer in the IP/DS//IP population than in the IP/DS//DS population, indicating that more recombinants were produced in the IP/DS//IP population. Distorted segregation was observed for 44 and 19 marker loci for the IP/DS//IP and IP/DS//DS populations, respectively; these were mostly skewed in favor of the indica alleles. A total of 36 main effect QTLs (M-QTLs) and 15 digenic epistatic interactions (E-QTLs) were detected for the seven traits investigated. The phenotypic variation explained (PVE) by M-QTLs ranged from 3.4% to 88.2%. Total PVE of the M-QTLs for each trait was significantly higher than that of the E-QTLs. The total number of M-QTLs identified in the IP/DS//IP population was higher than in the IP/DS//DS population. However, the total PVE by the M-QTLs and E-QTLs together for each trait was similar in the two populations, suggesting that the two $BC_1F_1$ populations are equally useful for QTL analysis. Maps and QTLs in the two populations were compared. Eleven new QTLs were identified for SN, SF, GL, and GW in this study, and they will be valuable in marker-assisted selection, particularly for improving grain traits in tongil-type varieties.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.113-115
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• 2004

Six generations (P$_1$, P$_2$, F$_1$, BC$_1$, BC$_2$ and F$_2$) of four bivoltine silkworm crosses (SKAU-R-1 ${\times}$ Yakwei, SKAU-R-6 ${\times}$ Yakwei, CSR$_2$ ${\times}$ CSR$_4$ and SH$_{6}$${\times}$ NB$_4$D$_2$) were evaluated in a completely randomized block design with 5 replications for each treatment. The generation mean 2 in respect of 3 metric traits (single cocoon weight, single shell weight, and shell ratio ％), were subjected to Cavallis joint scaling test. Additive dominance model was found to be adequate in CSR$_2$${\times}$CSR$_4$ and SH$_{6}$${\times}$ NB$_4$D$_2$ for single cocoon weight and shell weight and SKAU-R-6 ${\times}$ Yakwei for shell ratio(％). Whereas, in rest of the crosses epistasis was evident in the traits under investigation. Magnitude of additive gene effect (d) was greater than dominance(h) in SH$_{6}$${\times}$NB$_4$D$_2$ and SKUA-R-6${\times}$Yakwei for shell ratio (％) and in CSR$_2$${\times}$ CSR$_4$ for shell weight. Thus selection for these traits in early segregating generations of these crosses would be effective for obtaining considerable genetic gain. gain.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.309-314
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• 2014

This work proposes an integrated high frequency divider with an inductive peaking technique implemented in a current mode logic (CML) frequency divider. The proposed divider is composed with a master-slave flip-flop, and the master-slave flip-flop acts as a latch and read circuits which have the differential pair and cross-coupled n-MOSFETs. The cascode bias is applied in an inductive peaking circuit as a current source and the cascode bias is used for its high current driving capability and stable frequency response. The proposed divider is designed with $0.18-{\mu}m$ CMOS process, and the simulation used to evaluate the divider is performed with phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit as a feedback circuit. A divide-by-two operation is properly performed at a high frequency of 20 GHz. In the output frequency spectrum of the PLL, a peak frequency of 2 GHz is obtained witha divide-by-eight circuit at an input frequency of 250 MHz. The reference spur is obtained at -64 dBc and the power consumption is 13 mW.

• 한국전자파학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.70-77
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• 1999

세라믹 적층기술을 이용하여 PCS 주파수 대역의 초소형 vco를 설계하고 제작하였다. 위상잡음 특성을 개선하고 크기를 줄이기 위하여 품칠계수(quality factor)가 우수한 세라믹 다층기판으로 스트립라인을 구현 하여 vco 공진부의 인덕터로 사용하였다 1.720 -1.780 MHz에서 동작하도록 제작된 vco는 $6mm\times6mm\times2mm$의 크기로 초소형이며, 3.3 V, 9 mA의 바이어스 조건에서 - 3.7 dBm의 출력을 얻었고, 위상잡음 특성 은 10 KHz offset에서 95 dBe/Hz였다 본 논문에서 제작된 세라믹 VCo는 기존의 에폭시 수지(FR4) 기판을 사용한 VCo보다 약 5 dBe/Hz 개선된 위상잡음(C/N) 특성을 얻었다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.548-553
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• 2008

The erect habit of fruit setting is a unique characteristic of ornamental peppers and wild pepper species. The erect habit is known to be controlled by the up locus on pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) chromosome 12. The result of a genetic analysis using Saengryeog 211 (pendant), Saengryeog 213 (erect), and their $F_1$ and $BC_1$ progeny demonstrated that up is a recessive gene. To develop an up-linked marker, bulked segregant analysis (BSA) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) were employed using 108 $F_{2:3}$ individuals. The closest AFLP marker, $A2C7_{469}$, was located at a genetic distance of 1.7 cM from the up locus and was converted into a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence (CAPS) marker. This marker was mapped at a genetic distance of 4.3 cM from the up locus. When the CAPS was applied to seven ornamental lines and 27 breeding lines with erect fruit, these genotypes of 28 lines were correctly predicted. Thus, the CAPS marker will be useful for marker-assisted selection (MAS) of pepper breeding lines with the up allele at the early seedling stage.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제64권3호
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• pp.433-437
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• 2015

We have designed and fabricated a low power and high linearity up down convertor for wireless repeaters using $0.35{\mu}m$ SiGe Bipolar CMOS technology. Repeater is composed of a wideband up/down converting mixer, programmable gain amplifiers (PGA), input buffer, LO buffer, filter driver amplifier and integer-N phase locked loop (PLL). As of the measurement results, OIP3 of the down conversion mixer and up conversion mixer are 32 dBm and 17.8 dBm, respectively. The total dynamic gain range is 31 dB with 1 dB gain step resolution. The adjacent channel leakage ratio (ACLR) is 59.9 dBc. The total power consumption is 240 mA at 3.3 V.