• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
• /
• v.83 no.4
• /
• pp.876-886
• /
• 2022

Purpose To evaluate the performance of MicroPure US imaging to detect and characterize microcalcifications. Materials and Methods A total of 171 lesions with suspicious microcalcifications seen on mammography and B-mode US were included and simultaneously evaluated using MicroPure US imaging. The size of microcalcifications was divided into small (punctate, amorphous, fine pleomorphic, and fine linear) and large (coarse heterogeneous), and the extent was divided into narrow (grouped) and wide (others). MicroPure US imaging visibility was divided into four types based on the number of microcalcifications on the two images: B > M (more on B-mode), B = M (similar), B < M (more on MicroPure), and negative. Triple pairwise comparison was used to evaluate the imaging features according to the MicroPure US imaging visibility. Results Among the 171 lesions examined, 157 lesions (91.8%) were detected by MicroPure US imaging. The proportion of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 4A was significantly higher in the MicroPure positive group, and that of category 4B was significantly higher in the MicroPure negative group (p = 0.035). The other imaging features did not differ. Among the positive MicroPure subgroups, all features showed no significant difference. Conclusion MicroPure US imaging demonstrated 91.8% positivity in detecting microcalcifications on B-mode US. MicroPure US imaging visibility correlated with the BI-RADS category of microcalcifications.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.802-806
• /
• 2000

The transglycosylation reaction by dextansucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides B512FMC/6HG8 was investigate with cellobiose as an acceptor molecule and sucrose as a donor. he optimal conditions of transglycosylation on cellobiose were found that the ration of sucrose to cellobiose was 3:1, the amount of enzyme was 2U/mL, the ionic strength of buffer was 25 mM, pH was 5.0 and reaction temperature was $25^{\circ}C$. also, acceptor products of cellobiose by transglycosylation were a series of oligosaccharides showing the degree of plymenzation of 6.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
• /
• 2011.12a
• /
• pp.21-24
• /
• 2011

본 연구는 기업규모, 장부가치/시장가치 비율, 순이익/주가 비율, 현금흐름/주가 비율, 레버리지 등 기본적 변수를 사용하여 주식수익률에 유의적인 변수를 확인하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 횡단면 자료와 시계열 자료를 결합한 패널자료(panel data)를 이용하여 패널자료분석방법으로 연구모형을 실증적으로 분석하였다. 일반적으로 패널자료를 사용하면 Hsiao(2003)가 지적한 바와 같이 표본의 크기를 확대시켜 자유도를 증가시키고 이론적으로 설명변수간 다중공선성(muti-collinearity) 문제를 완화할 수 있다. 실증분석결과에 의하면 기업규모(SIZ), 장부가치/시장가치 비율(B/M), 순이익/주가 비율(E/P), 현금흐름/주가 비율(C/P) 등이 주식수익률의 횡단면적 차이를 설명할 수 있는 유의적인 변수라 할 수 있다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.96 no.1
• /
• pp.48-53
• /
• 2007

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of $NO_3{^-}$ and $NH_4{^+}$ on the adventitious root growth and eleuthroside synthesis of Eleutherococcus senticosus during 3 L-bioreactor culture. The change of medium component ratio was also measured during culture. The fresh weignt of adventitious root reached to the greatest level of 24.4g FW/L in the presence of 50 mM $NO_3{^-}$ and 10 mM $NH_4{^+}$, representing 3.4-fold increase compared to the 60 mM $NH_4{^+}$. However, as the increase of the portion of $NH_4{^+}$, the root growth was decreased. Maximum eleutheroside B and E1 production were $249{\mu}g/g$ and $43{\mu}g/g$, respectively, with 30 mM total nitrogen source. The maximum production of eleutheroside E were $788{\mu}g/g$ with 120 mM total nitrogen source. The greatest weight of adventitious root increased up to 6.2 fold of inoculum size within 9 weeks. The change of pH was influenced from 4.81 to 6.35 and the amounts of $NH_4{^+}$ and $K^+$ were decreased during culture periods. From these results we suggest, need further study of various treatment to increase the growth of biomass and the accumulation of useful secondary metabilites.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
• /
• v.51 no.6
• /
• pp.589-593
• /
• 2018

Democratic Peoples' Republic of Korea (DPRK) conducted the $6^{th}$ underground nuclear test at the Punggye-ri underground nuclear test site on September 27, 2017 12 hours 30 minutes of Korean local time. Comprehensive Nuclear-Test Ban Treaty Organization (CTBTO) under U.N. announced the body wave magnitude of the event was mb 6.1 while U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)'s calculation was mb 6.3. In this study, the differences of the magnitude estimates were investigated and verified. For this purpose, a source scaling between the $5^{th}$ and $6^{th}$ event, which's epicenters are 200 meters apart, was performed using seismic data sets from 30 broadband stations. The relative amplitude variations of the $6^{th}$ event compared to the $5^{th}$ event in the frequency domain was analyzed through the scaling. The increased amount of the bodywave magnitude $m_b$ for the $6^{th}$ event was calculated at 1 Hz, which was compared to those from USGS and CTBTO's calculations.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.18 no.7
• /
• pp.357-364
• /
• 2017

In this paper, we investigated the influence of flow and compressive strength on the mixing ratio and water-to-binder (W/B) ratio of magnesia - potassium phosphate composites for controlling the quality of the Magnesia-Potassium Phosphate Composites(Magnesia-Potassium Phosphate Composites, MPPC) as a matrix material for biological panels. MPPC was produced at 7 W/B ratios (30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55 and 60 vol.%) and 4 P:M ratios (1:0.5, 1:1.0, 1:2.0 and 1:3.0). The experiment results confirmed that the flow and compressive strength of MPPC depend strongly on both P:M and W/B ratios. The flow of MPPC showed that as P: M was increased, the mixing did not occur due to the shortage of the compounding amount for the reaction, because of the large density difference between P and M. The compressive strength of MPPC showed a tendency to decrease with increasing P:Mratio but there was a contradictory result with no proportional change according to W/B ratio. These results indicate that the optimum compounding ratio exists for MPPC according to W/B ratio. These results will be used as the basis data for quality control of the fluidity and compressive strength of matrix materials in terms of material in biological panel design.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.158-165
• /
• 1999

Purpose : To investigate the percentage of colonies wi1h16or more cells distribution of human skin fibroblast according to in vitro aging, and to evaluate the relationship between percentage of colonies with 10 or more cells and in vivo donor age in human skin fibroblast culture. Material and Method : C1, C2, C3a, and C3b human skin fibroblast samples from three breast cancer patients were used as subjects. The C1, C2, and C3a donor were 44, 54, and 55 years old, respectively. C3a and C3b cells were isolated from the same person. Single cell suspension of skin fibroblasts was prepared with primary explant technique. One hundred cells are plated into 100m1 tissue culture flask and cultured for two weeks. The colony size was defined as colonies with 16 or more cells. The cultured cell was stained with crystal violet, and number of cells in each colony was determined with stereo microscope at $\times$10 magnification. Passage number of C1, C2, C3a and C3b skin fibroblast were 12th, 17th, and 14th, respectively. Results : Percentage of colonies with 16 or more cells of skin fibroblast samples decreased with increasing in vitro passage number. In contrast, cumulative population doublings of skin fibroblast sample increased with increasing in vitro passage number. Percentage of colonies with 16 or more cells also decreased with increasing population doublings in human skin fibroblast culture. There was strong correlation with percentage of colonies with 16 or more cells and population doublings En C3a skin fibroblast sampie. At the same point of population doublings, the percentage of colonies with 16 or more cells of the young C1 donor was higher level than the old C3a donor. Conclusion : The population doublings increased with increasing in vitro passage number but percentage of colonies with 16 or more cells decreased. The results of this study imply that percentage of colonies with 16 or more cell is useful as a indicator of in vitro human skin fibroblast aging and may estimate the in vivo donor age.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.193-198
• /
• 2014

The quality and antioxidative characteristics of drinks prepared with different mixing ratios of black garlic and Oenanthe javanica DC., BD-1 (black garlic only), BD-2 (black garlic:Oenanthe javanica DC.=2:1), BD-3 (black garlic:Oenanthe javanica DC.=1:1), and BD-4 (black garlic:Oenanthe javanica DC.=1:2), were studied. The pH increased with the increasing concentration of Oenanthe javanica DC. extract in all the tested drinks, but the sugar contents decreased. The total polyphenol contents of the drinks were 28.48 ${\mu}g/mL$ (BD-1), 41.91 ${\mu}g/mL$ (BD-2), 42.36 ${\mu}g/mL$ (BD-3), and 46.96 ${\mu}g/mL$ (BD-4). The SOD-like activity was highest for BD-4 (18.60%), followed by BD-3 (15.53%), BD-2 (12.53%), and BD-1 (10.27%). The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) was highest for BD-4 (52.51%), followed by BD-3 (45.70%), BD-2 (39.44%), and BD-1 (28.72%). The ferrous ion chelating activity increased with the increasing concentration of Oenanthe javanica DC extract, and BD-4 showed the best activities among all the tested drinks. The water-soluble vitamin content (vitamins B1, B2, B6, and C) of BD-4 (1197.77 ${\mu}g/mL$) was higher than those of the other drinks (BD-1, 213.02 ${\mu}g/mL$; BD-2, 477.87 ${\mu}g/mL$; BD-3, 914.72 ${\mu}g/mL$), and the vitamin C (806.21 ${\mu}g/mL$) content of the water-soluble vitamins at BD-4 was higher than those of vitamins B1 (68.04 ${\mu}g/mL$), B2 (312.51 ${\mu}g/mL$), and B6 (11.01 ${\mu}g/mL$). BD-4 showed the best score in the sensory evaluations, such as in the evaluation of the color, flavor, taste, and overall acceptability.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.35-41
• /
• 2007

This study was conducted to examine the effects of energy substrates in different conoentration of carbohydrates in the human oviduct and uterus on the in vitro development of mouse 2-cell embryos. Two-cell embryos were collected from ICR female mice at $46{\sim}50\;hr$ after 5 IU hCG injection and cultured in three different media [control: 0 mM, Guoup A: glucose (G) 0.5 mM + pyruvate (P) 0.32 mM + lactate (L) 10.5 mM, Group B: G 3.15 mM + P 0.1 mM + L 5.83 mM] for 72 hr. Rates of morula formation of group A (72.3%) and B (56.6%) were significantly higher higher (p<0.05) than that of control (34.9%) at 24 hr. However, blastocyst rate was significantly higher (p<0.05) in control (51.8%) than group A (39.8%) and B (28.9%) at hr. At 72 hr, no differences were found in the number of zona-intact, zona-escape and total blastocysts among groups. Mean and ICM cell numbers were significantly higher (p<0.05) in group A (78.0, 13.4) and B (64.4, 11.8) than control (53.1, 5.7), respectively, The percent of ICM were significantly higher (p<0.05) in group A (22.9%) and B (23.7%) than control (14.2%). No differences were round in the TE cell numbers ($34.1{\sim}45.1$). The ICM:TE ratio was significantly higher $34.1{\sim}45.1$ in control (1:6.0) than group A (1:3.4) and B (1:3.4). This study shows that energy substrates added to culture media especially, the oviductal level of carbohydrates increase the developmental capacity of 2-cell mouse embryos.

• Development and Reproduction
• /
• v.5 no.2
• /
• pp.159-165
• /
• 2001

Follicular fluid has pivotal effects on attraction and motility of spermatozoa for successful fertilization. The effect of samples of human follicu1ar fluid(hFF) on attraction and motility of spermatozoa was investigated. Capillary tubes loaded with one of these samples, hFF sample A collected from patients with tubal factor, hFF sample B collected from patients with male factor, m-HTF and heated hFF sample were used for assessment of attraction and motility of spermatozoa following culture of 1, 2, and 4 hrs. Number and motile rate of spermatozoa in the tubes loaded with hFF sample A were significantly(P<0.05) higher than those of m-HTF, hFF sample B and heated hFF. Although the fresh hFF tended to increase the attraction of spermatozoa as compared to inactivated hFF, there was no significant difference between treatments.