• BMB Reports
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.384-388
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• 2002

A method for the ratiometric pH sensing using LysoSensor DND-192 is presented in this paper. It works in the physiological pH range. It is based on the use of two fluorophores which differ significantly in their lifetimes. As the discrimination of their emissions is performed through two different frequencies, this method can allow significant overlap of the emission spectra. A simple long-pass filter, or a combination of long-and short-pass filters, was used instead of narrow-bandpass devices. Importantly, the measurements were carried out under strong ambient light. The method could be used in a wide variety of applications, such as intracellular measurements, microscopy, bioprocess monitoring, etc.

• 센서학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.287-292
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• 2012

A fiber-optic radiation sensor was fabricated using a sensing probe, a plastic optical fiber, a photomultiplier tube, and a multichannel analyzer for gamma-ray spectroscopy. As an inorganic scintillator of the sensing probe, a LYSO crystal was used. In this study, we obtained the relationship between the photon counts of the fiber-optic radiation sensor and the activity of the radioactive isotope. In addition, the gamma-ray energy spectra were also measured using a fiber-optic radiation sensor to discriminate species of gamma-ray emitters.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권10호
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• pp.2346-2352
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• 2020

Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the noninvasive method to diagnose osteoporosis disease characterized by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue. Many global companies and research groups have developed the various DXA detectors using a direct photon-counting detector such as a cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) sensor. However, this approach using CZT sensor has some drawback such as the limitation of scalability by high cost and the loss of efficiency due to the requirement of a thin detector. In this study, a SiPM based DXA system was developed and its performance evaluated experimentally. The DXA detector was composed of a SiPM sensor coupled with a single LYSO scintillation crystal (3 × 3 × 2 ㎣). The prototype DXA detector was mounted on the dedicated front-end circuit consisting of a voltage-sensitive preamplifier, pulse shaping amplifier and constant fraction discriminator (CFD) circuit. The SiPM based DXA detector showed the 34% (at 59 keV) energy resolution with good BMD accuracy. The proposed SiPM based DXA detector showed the performance comparable to the conventional DXA detector based on CZT.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.841-846
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• 2019

본 연구에서는 섬광결정과 광센서의 정렬 오차가 TOF-PET 검출기 성능에 미치는 영향성을 정량적으로 평가하였다. 한 쌍 TOF-PET 검출기는 3 mm × 3 mm × 20 mm 체적을 갖는 LYSO 섬광체와 3.07 mm × 3.07 mm 크기의 GAPD 광센서로 구성된다. 아날로그 출력신호는 증폭 및 균일도 보정이 수행되었고, 오실로스코프 기반 데이터 획득 장치에서 신호처리되었다. 각 검출기 정렬 오차는 0.0 mm, 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm 를 각각 적용하여 총 16단계의 정렬 오차를 발생시켰다. 검출기 정렬 오차가 증가함에 따라 광절정위치는 약 400 mV에서 약 250 mV로 감소하였다. 또한, 에너지분해능은 11.6%에서 16.2%로, 시간분해능은 477 ps에서 632 ps로 저하되었다. 이 결과는 검출기 정렬 오차가 TOF-PET 검출기 성능저하에 큰 영향성을 내포함을 시사한다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권11호
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• pp.3790-3797
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• 2021

Although the individual channel readout method can improve the performance of PET detectors with pixelated photo-sensors, such as silicon photomultiplier (SiPM), this method leads to a significant increase in the number of readout channels. In this study, we proposed a novel multiplexing method that could effectively reduce the number of readout channels to reduce system complexity and development cost. The proposed multiplexing circuit was designed to generate bipolar pulses with different zero-crossing points by adjusting the time constant of the high-pass filter connected to each channel of a pixelated photo-sensor. The channel position of the detected gamma-ray was identified by estimating the width between the rising edge and the zero-crossing point of the bipolar pulse. In order to evaluate the performance of the proposed multiplexing circuit, four detector blocks, each consisting of a 4 × 4 array of 3 mm × 3 mm × 20 mm LYSO and a 4 × 4 SiPM array, were constructed. The average energy resolution was 13.2 ± 1.1% for all 64 crystal pixels and each pixel position was accurately identified. A coincidence timing resolution was 580 ± 12 ps. The experimental results indicated that the novel multiplexing method proposed in this study is able to effectively reduce the number of readout channels while maintaining accurate position identification with good energy and timing performance. In addition, it could be useful for the development of PET systems consisting of a large number of pixelated detectors.