• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 사무용 의자의 틸트 동작시 요추지지 기능과 등의 미끄럼을 평가함으로써 등판 회전중심의 최적 위치를 연구하였다. 이를 위해 인체와 의자로 이루어진 수학적 모델을 이용하여 틸트 동작 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 착석된 인체 모델의 측면 상에서 고관절 중심을 포함한 42개의 위치에 등판 회전축 위치를 설정하고 각각 시뮬레이션을 수행하였다. 또한 등판의 회전중심이 고관절에 위치한 의자 시작품과 좌판하부에 위치한 기존의 의자에 대해 동작분석 실험도 함께 수행하였다. 시뮬레이션 결과 등판의 회전중심이 고관절 중심에 가까이 위치할수록 틸트시 요추각도 변화량과 등의 미끄럼거리는 작아졌다. 한편 실험결과 착석자의 등과 등판사이의 이격변위와 미끄럼변위는 등판의 회전중심이 고관절 위치에 설계된 시작품에서 더 작게 측정되었다. 시뮬레이션과 실험결과로부터 등판의 회전중심이 인체의 고관절 위치에 가깝게 설계되면 틸트시 착석자의 요추를 효과적으로 지지해 줄 수 있음을 알 수 있었고 이때 착석자는 보다 편안하고 건강한 착석자세를 유지할 수 있다. 이 결과는 사무용 의자에서 등판 회전축 위치의 인간공학적 설계를 위한 가이드라인을 제공한다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2008년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.635-636
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• 2008

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.9-16
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• 2017

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the spine and the flat-foot, the stability and the alignment of the posture of the neck to prevent the alignment of the ankle joint operation and the lower back flexibility of the lumbar region according to the type of treatment using active stretching of the triceps, back pain, and to see how they affect weight bearing differences. Methods: The subjects of this study were 24 chronic low back pain patients. They were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. In the experimental group, ankle joint mobilization and active scraping of triceps were performed three times a week for a total of 6 weeks. The control group was performed in the same way without articulation. The range of flexion and extension motion of the lumbar spine and pain degree and difference of weight-bearing were measured before and after the experiment. Results: The model of ankle joint mobilization and calf muscle elongation of flat foot significantly improved the range of flexion and extension motion of the vertebrae (p<.05) and the VAS and distribution of weight-bearing were decreased in both of two groups (p<.05). In other words, the exercise and mobilization help to recover of the balance of the whole musculoskeletal, the vertebrae. Conclusions: The active exercise of the triceps muscle of the lower leg in this study It affects the flexibility of the lumbar spine, the pain and the difference in the weight support of the lower extremities, when we performed ankle joint mobilization for exercise and cramping, pain and the difference in weight support between the two lower limbs.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.78-86
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• 2000

Objective : Lumbar spinal instability occurs when normal biomechanics support in lumbar vertebrae interrupted. Despite the recent enthusiastic studies, the precise radiological assessment has not been fully established, yet. Therefore, we carefully studied our cases to analyze the radiologic findings in lumbar spinal instability. Patients and Methods : We have put together radiological analysis and assessment based on 38 patients who have been diagnosed and treated for lumbar spinal instabilities from June 1994 to December 1998, Patients who have been diagnosed and treated for trauma were excluded from study. Results : The outcomes are as follows : 1) Lumbar lordotic curve was statistically significant in unstable group by 23.7, compared to the control group ($17.0^{\circ}$). 2) According to the resting x-ray, sagittal plane angulation measured on unstable group was $21.1^{\circ}$, control group $18.0^{\circ}$. Therefore unstable group was noticeably higher(p<0.01). 3) According to the resting x-ray sagittal plane displacement, unstable group had 4.3mm, the comparison had 1.2mm. Therefore measurement from the unstable group were significantly higher(p<0.01). 4) According to stress view, sagittal plane translation was 4.1mm for the unstables and 2.7mm for the comparisons. Therefore unstables were noticeably higher(p<0.01). 5) According to stress view, sagittal plane rotation was $15.1^{\circ}$ at L3-4, $22.0^{\circ}$ at L4-5, $27.9^{\circ}$ at L5S1 for the unstable group and $11.3^{\circ}$, $18.1^{\circ}$, $21.0^{\circ}$ each for the comparison. 6) Facet angle for unstable group, left $29.3^{\circ}-61.5^{\circ}$, right $24.4^{\circ}-63.2^{\circ}$ and the mean for each are $43.1^{\circ}$, $47.2^{\circ}$. The difference between left and right facet angle was $3.5^{\circ}-20.7^{\circ}$ and the mean value $15.3^{\circ}$. Facet angle for the comparisons for the left was $29.3^{\circ}-59.5^{\circ}$, right was in between $25.7^{\circ}-64.5^{\circ}$ range and the each mean are $44.9^{\circ}$ and $47.6^{\circ}$. Also, the difference between left and right facet angle was $4.1^{\circ}-9.3^{\circ}$ and the average was $17.1^{\circ}$. The average and the difference between the left and right angle are found not to have statistic necessity for both unstable and stable measurements(p>0.01). 7) 19 patients were found to have vacuum facet phenomenon among unstable group etc. results were collected. Conclusion : According to above results, we attempted to prepare the application to the patient of radiological analysis and assessment for lumbar spinal instability early checkup.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.193-200
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• 2002

Simple spring-damper-mass models have been widely used to investigate whole-body vortical biodynamic response characteristics of the seated vehicle driver. Most previous models have not considered the effect of wobbling masses; i.e. heart, lungs, liver, intestine, etc. In this study, 4 -DOF seated driver model including one non-rigid mass representing wobbling visceral mass, 5-DOF model including intestine, and 10-DOF model including five lumbar vertebral masses were proposed. The model parameters were identified by a combinatorial optimization technique. simulated annealing method. The objective function was chosen as the sum of error between model response of seat-to-head transmissibility and driving point mechanical impedance and those of experimental data for subjects seated erect without backrest support. The model response showed a good agreement with the experimental response characteristics. Using a 10-DOF model, calculated resonance frequency of lumbar spine at 4Hz was matched well with experimental results of Panjabi et al.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.20-27
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to compare the slouched and upright sitting positions on lumbar joint reposition error (LJRE). Twenty subjects without low back pain were recruited for this study and, using a random number table, were randomly assigned to two groups; the upright sitting position group (UP group) and the slouched sitting position group (SP group). UP group was first asked to sit in an upright position and the SP group to sit in a slouched position as an intervention, and then the LJRE of both groups was measured at the neutral sitting position (lumbar flexion $0^{\circ}$). The measurement of the LJRE was repeated after one day. The sitting positions were performed for five minutes each and the LJRE was measured using an electronic goniometer. An independent t-test was used to compare the LJRE of both groups after each sitting position and after one day. The results of this study showed that the LJRE after an intervention in the UP group was lower than in the SP group (p<.05) and the LJRE after one day in the UP group was lower than in the SP group (p<.05). The findings of this study indicate that the upright sitting position can be applied to decrease LJRE, compared with the slouched sitting position. These findings also support that the upright sitting position reduces the potential for proprioceptive loss.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.43-52
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify demographic, clinical, physical, and psychosocial factors affecting discharge delay in lumbar spinal surgery patients who were treated according to a critical pathway. Methods: A sample of 170 patients with lumbar spinal surgery agreed to participate in the study, between April 1, 2014 and August 30, 2015. Data were analyzed by mean, standard deviation, t-test, ${\chi}^2$-test, ANCOVA, and logistic regression analysis using SPSS 22.0 program. Results: Approximately fifty-nine percent of the participants was delayed discharge. On logistic regression analysis, female gender (OR=2.63, 95% CI=1.40~4.94), age (OR=1.03, 95% CI=1.01~1.05), spondylolisthesis (OR=4.49, 95% CI=1.90~10.61), and spinal fusion operation (OR=4.14, 95% CI=1.89~9.05) were significant factors predicting discharge delay of the participants. However, discharge delay was not related with pain, physical function, depression, or family support. Conclusion: An analysis of discharge delay may assist in evaluating and revising critical pathway for optimal care. In addition, nurses need to understand the factors affecting discharge delay of the given population who were treated according to a critical pathway.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.613-619
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• 2011

Objective: The purpose of this study is to compare the muscle activities of lumbar and lower extremity muscles between left and right sides using EMG(Electromyogram) when patients are transferred by physical therapists. Background: Asymmetrical lift was recognized as a major cause of musculoskeletal disorder. Several studies show that physical therapists' transferring patients needs caution as it could cause a lumbar pain to patients but there is not sufficient data to support. Method: Forty healthy rehabilitation hospital physical therapists joined for this study. The subjects were transferred from wheelchair to treatment mat(from left to right) by connecting the EMG device to the patients' body both on erector spine and rectus fermoris. At the moment when subjects were being transferred, the EMG device collected data from both erector spine and rectus femoris and it was normalized as %MVC. Then the EMG data was statistically analyzed using paired t-tests. Results: The EMG data show that the left erector spinae and rectus femoris are more activated than right erector spinae and rectus femoris in all position(p<.05) in a significant degree. Conclusion: The result implies that physical therapists' asymmetrical lifting when patients are transferred by them has a potential cause of musculoskeletal disorder of patients. Further studies will be conducted to find out a same tendency in other muscles of a body and to see if there are other factors to affect to patients during asymmetrical lifting. Application: These results can be used to provide baseline information for more understanding to asymmetrical lift loading.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.208-213
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• 2021

컴퓨터 활용을 통한 문화도 기존의 문화 형태를 변화시킬 만큼 다양하고 빠르게 변화되고 있다. 앉아서 생활하는 시간이 증가하면서 인간은 요통의 질병에 더 많이 노출 되었으며, 요통은 허리디스크를 중심으로 허리와 관련된 통증을 포함한다. 요통의 대부분은 척추와 몸통을 지지해주는 근육과 인대 이상에 따른 원인이 크다. 이에 허리 요통을 포함한 건강한 허리를 유지하기 위한 효과적인 대책이 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 요통을 감소하거나 치료에 도움을 줄 수 있도록 요추 운동효과를 얻을 수 있는 앱 개발을 위한 전반적인 설계를 제시한다. 이를 효과적으로 사용하기 위해서 요추 운동효과를 얻기 위한 방안을 제시하고, 이를 그래픽기반 유도점을 활용하여 효과적인 요통 치료에 도움일 될 수 있는 앱 설계 제시를 목표로 한다.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.89-94
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• 1993

Liking is a common activity in many of occupations and daily living, Lifting has been studied for many years. In this article, based on the existing literatures on lifting, mechanism of back support and proper posture during lifting are described. These mechanisms include the intra-abdominal pressure mechanism, the thoracolumbar fascia mechanism, and posterior ligamentous system. Proper posture for lifting are in the squat style, the lumbar spine is aligned in its normal lordosis and the pelvis is aligned in an anterior tilt. Keep the load close to the body and avoid twist white lifting.