• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제26권3B호
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• pp.241-251
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• 2006

우리나라의 효율적인 하천유역관리를 위해서는 유역 및 하천과 관련된 지형적 수문학적 특성인자들의 신속하고 정확한 추출이 요구된다. 최근, 원격탐사기법과 GIS기법이 도입으로 이것이 가능하게 되었으며 이 기법들을 이용하여 여러 활용 가능한 자료들을 구축하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 북한강유역을 대상으로 GIS기법에 의해 1:5,000 NGIS자료로부터 추출하여 DEM과 하천망을 생성하였다. 이를 이용하여 하천특성인자와 유역특성인자들을 추출함으로써 단위유역별 지형학적 특성을 파악하였다. 또한 대상유역을 상류, 중류, 하류 지점으로 구분하여 지형학적 인자를 추출하고 그 특성을 분석하였으며 선형 및 비선형 회귀곡선을 이용하여 그 인자들 간의 상관관계를 분석함으로써 전체유역 뿐만 아니라 상류, 중류, 하류 유역에 특별히 영향을 끼치는 하천특성인자 및 유역특성인자를 구별해 낼 수 있었다. 그 결과 하천특성인자는 전체유역, 상류, 중류, 하류 유역 모두에 크게 영향을 끼치는 인자임을 알 수 있었고, 유역특성인자 중 전체유역, 상류, 중류, 하류 유역에 공통적으로 영향을 끼치는 인자는 유역면적에 대한 총하천연장과 하천총수 임을 알 수 있었다.

• 지질공학
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.52-74
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• 2000

금강유역중 상류는 선캠브리아기의 변성암류가 중.하류는 중생대의 화성암류가 주를 이루고 있다. 이 유역에서의 변성암류는 상대적으로 풍화에 강하고 화성암류는 풍화에 약하기 때문에, 상류는 심하게 만곡된 협곡을 이루고 급경사이고, 중하류로 가면서 점점 하폭은 넓어지면서 완경사를 이루며 서해로 유임된다. 특히 하류지역은 제4기 동안에 수차례의 침식과 퇴적이 반복되었고, 현재는 홍수 퇴적층이 넓게 발달되어 있다. 금강 중.하류유역 산사면에서의 침식현상을 파악하기 위하여, 현장조사와 침식율실험과 함께, GIS기법을 이용하여 소유역별로 침식율을 산정하였다. 그 결과 화강암류 분포 지역의 침식율이 가장 높은 것으로 나타났고, 조사구간 전반에 걸쳐 침식율이 비교적 높은 것으로 나왔다. 원격탐사, 측량 등을 이용하여 금강하류의 최근 11년간의 연도별 화상퇴적물의 변화를 추적한 결과 1994년에 완공된 하구언뚝의 영향으로 인한 뚜렷한 퇴적현상이 관찰되었다. 정밀하상지형도를 작성하여 퇴적율을 구한 결과, 하류에서는 최근 11년동안에 매년 약 5cm씩 퇴적이 일어난 것으로 나타났다. 강경지역에서 HEC-6 모형으로 2004년까지 하상변동을 예측한 결과, 전반적으로 하상이 상승되는 것으로 예측되었다. 공주에서 강경까지의 지역에서 많은 양의 골재채취가 이뤄지고 있음에도 불구하고 강경 하류지역에서 뚜렷한 퇴적경향이 나타나는 것으로 보아 지류유역에서의 활발한 침식현상은 금강의 하상변동에 많은 기여를 하는 것으로 판단된다.

• 생태와환경
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.271-278
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• 2010

2008년 4월부터 2009년 10월까지 초강천의 7개 지점에서 어류상 및 어류군집을 조사하였다. 출현한 어종은 총 9과 36종 4,669개체였으며, 잉어과 (Cyprinidae)가 66.7% (24종)로 가장 높았다. 한국고유종은 칼납자루(Acheilognathus koreensis), 줄납자루 (Acheilognathus yamatsutae) 등 20종으로 55.6%로 높은 출현율이었다. 멸종위기종은 감돌고기(Pseudopungtungia nigra), 꾸구리(Gobiobotia macrocephala), 돌상어(Gobiobotia brevibarba) 3종이 확인되었다. 참갈겨니(Zacco koreanus)가 1,588개체로 34.0%로 우점종이었으며, 아우점종은 피라미(Zacco platypus)로 22.6%, 우세종은 쉬리(Coreoleuciscus splendidus) 13.3%로 나타났다. 어류군집은 상류로부터 하류로 내려갈수록 어종수가 증가되는 것으로 나타났다. 집괴분석은 0.5 수준에서 3개의 그룹으로 나누어졌다. 이전 초강천 보고 자료와 비교하였을 때, 본 하천은 아직까지 어류상 및 군집구조에서 큰 변화가 없는 것으로 확인되었다. 초강천은 비교적 주변 환경에 의해 교란되지 않은 것으로 판단되며, 생물다양성 확보 및 보존을 위해 보호해야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.607-613
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• 1998

This study was carried out to investigate flora of phytoplankton in Milyang River from July 1996 to April 1997. Phytoplankton were identified 206 kinds and composed of 2 var.-for., 5 forms, 35 varieties, 164 species, 70 genera, 31 families, 14 orders, 6 classes and 5 phyla. According to the seasonal variation, 131 species were founded in summer, 109 species in spring, 108 species in autumn, and 100 species in winter, respectively. Seasonal and stationary variation of standing crops were between 10 and 5.600 cells/mι. At station 7, Cyclotella meneghiniana was bloomed 5,000 cells/mι(89.7%) in winter, and Stephanodiscus hantzschii was bloomed 3,400 cells/mι(74.3%) in spring. The number of species and standing crops were increased with proceeding from upper stream to lower stream. Important species of phytoplankton were 24 species, that are 4 species of Cyanophyta (Aphanocapsa elachista, Merismopedium glaucum, Lyngbya limnetica, Oscillatoria tenuis), 12 species of Crysophyta (Melosira varians, Stephanodiscus hantzschii, Cyclotalla meneghiniana, Fragilaria construens var. venter, Navicula cryptocephala, Cymbella ventricosa, Gomphonema olivaceum), and 8 species of Chlorophyta (Chlamydomonas reinhardi, Eudorina elegans, Pandorina morum, Oocystis borgei, Scenedesmus quadricauda, Microspora crassior). According to the similarity index among the stations, it was generally defind as two water areas such as upper stream(station 1~3) and lower stream(station 4~7).

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.33-45
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• 1984

In order to investigate the pollution of heavy metal in soil, chinese cabbage and radish collected from Singal interchange (highway area), Anyang stream, Jungryang stream (stream basin) and Chunchun dong, Suweon (non-polluted area), this study was carried out from July to October in 1983. The contents of cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc were determined by atomic absorption spectrqphotometry. Generally in soil, the contents of heavy metals in highway area were lower than that in Anyang stream and Jungryang stream, but higher than that in non-polluted area. (Chunchun dong, Suweon). The vegetable samples of highway area were more polluted compared with that of Chunchun dong, Suweon. The contents of heavy metals in radish were higher than that of chinese cabbage and radish leaves were more polluted than roots.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.23-26
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate water quality after construction of straightened concrete block at Tongbok stream and difference of water quality between natural stream and municipal stream artificially straightened. In Tongbok upstream which was natural block having a variety of sand, there was ability to purify pollutants by microorganism and filtration. There was ability to purify pollutants in natural section of the natural midstream which have a diversity and a plenty of sands. In Tongbok upstream BOD concentration was lower than that of reservoir, but in midstream which was straightened concrete block without sand, BOD and NH$_3$-N concentration was higher than that of upstream and deteriorated water quality.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.49-57
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• 2020

The effect of Combined Sewer Overflow on the river system was investigated throughout three preliminary field tests and three main ones. As a result of the study, Combined Sewer Overflow did not affect water qualities on the main stream since the concentration of the main stream did not significantly changed during rainfall events although the water quality of tributaries has rapidly deteriorated due to the influence of the Combined Sewer Overflow during rainfall events. The main cause of the result is that the flow rate of the tributaries is considerably lower than that of the main stream, so that the tributaries with deteriorated water quality during rainfall events did not significantly affect the quality of the actual main stream. Therefore, the water quality of the Kumho River is more affected by the wastewater treatment facilities that discharges water continuously to the main stream than pollutants from non-point pollution sources during rainfall events. As a result, managements for discharges from wastewater treatment facilities should be strengthened in order to improve the water quality of the river.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 1999년도 Proceedings of the 1999 Annual Conference The Korean Society of Agricutural Engineers
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• pp.695-700
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• 1999

Stream and groundwater qualities of two rural watershes in the upper North Han river basin were monitored for 14months. Six to eight stream sampling sites and two to there groundwater monitoring wells were chosen and water samples were regularyl collected and analyzed with respect to total nitrogen(T-N), total phosphorus(T-P) and total suspended solids(TSS). Monitoring data were graphically analyzed with respect to time.Rainfall amout and intensity seemed to have an impact on stream T-N and T-P concentration changes. TSS concentrations were generally lower than the first class stream water quality standared, Both stream and groundwater qualities near livesstock feetlot areas were degraded indicating the feedlots have an impact on water quality.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.161-172
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• 2010

As the interest on biodiversity has increased around the world, researches about evaluating potential for habitat are also increasing to find and comprehend the valuable habitats. This study focus on comprehending the significance of stream in evaluating habitat's potential. The purpose of this study is to evaluate habitat potential with applying stream as a main variable, and to comprehend the relationship between the variables and habitat potential. Basin is a unit that has hydrological properties and dynamic interaction with ecosystem. Especially, biodiversity and suitability of habitat in basin area has direct correlation with stream. Existing studies also are proposing for habitat potential evaluation in basin unit, they applied forest, slope and road as main variables. Despite stream is considered the most important factor in basin area, researchers haven't applied stream as a main variable. Therefore, in this study, three variables that can demonstrate hydrological properties are selected, which are, riparian distance, stream order and land use disturbance, and evaluate habitat potential. Habitat potential is analyzed by using Maxent (Maximum entropy model), and vertebrate's presence data is used as dependent variables and stream order map and land cover map is used as base data of independent variables. As a result of analysis, habitat potential is higher at riparian and upstream area, and lower at frequently disturbed area. Result indicates that adjacent to stream, upstream, and less disturbed area is the habitat that vertebrate prefer. In particular, mammals prefer adjacent area of stream and forest and reptiles prefer upriver area. Birds prefer adjacent area of stream and midstream and amphibians prefer adjacent area of stream and upriver. The result of this research could help to establish habitat conservation strategy around basin unit in the future.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2012

This study was conducted to examine how a low-head dam removal (partial removal) could affect benthic macroinvertebrate communities in a stream. Benthic macroinvertebrates and substrates were seasonally sampled before and after dam removal (March 2006-April 2007). Benthic macroinvertebrates and substrates were quantitatively sampled from immediately upstream (upper: pool) and downstream (lower: riffle) sites, the location of the dam itself (middle), and immediately above the impoundment (control: riffle). After the removal, species richness and density of benthic macroinvertebrates as well as the EPT group (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera) increased to higher levels than those before the removal, while functional feeding groups and habitat orientation groups changed more heterogeneously at the upper site. At the lower site, species richness and density decreased somewhat immediately after dam removal, which was associated with an increase of silt and sand, but recovered after monsoon floods which helped to enhance substrate diversity at the upper site. Decreased dominance index and increased diversity index in both the upper and lower sites are evidence of positive effects from the dam removal. In conclusion, we suggest that even a partial removal of a dam, resulting in increased substrate diversity in the upper site, could sufficiently help rehabilitate lost ecological integrity of streams without major habitat changes.