• 기독교교육논총
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• 제67권
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• pp.229-265
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• 2021

본 연구의 목적은 신앙을 가진 어린이들이 코로나19 시기에 경험한 변화와 바람에 관한 이야기를 탐색하여 교육적 방향을 제언하기 위함이다. 이러한 목적을 위해 코로나19 시기의 삶과 신앙생활에 대해 교회에 출석하는 초등학교 3-4학년 어린이 9명과 면담하였다. 분석 결과, 연구참여자 어린이들은 코로나19 시기에 일상의 변화, 학교생활의 변화, 대인관계의 변화, 신앙생활의 변화, 감정의 변화를 경험한 것으로 분석되었다. 일상의 변화에는 감염 예방을 위한 노력, 사라진 놀이, 여유로운 일상과 무기력함이, 그리고 학교생활의 변화에는 비대면 수업 실시와 다양한 규칙을 요구받음이 포함되었다. 친구·선생님·부모님·형제자매와의 어려움이 대인관계 변화에, 비대면 예배 실시와 가정예배 회복이 신앙생활의 변화에 포함되었다. 연구참여자들의 바람을 분석한 결과, 여행과 놀이의 회복을 포함하는 일상적 바람, 대면 예배로의 복귀·수련회의 회복·재미있는 프로그램 개발을 포함하는 신앙에 관한 바람, 그리고 코로나19 이전 학교생활로 복귀가 도출되었다, 이와 같은 어린이들의 경험과 바람을 토대로 본 연구는 교육자들이 코로나19 시기에 보여 준 어린이들의 노력을 인정하고 그들의 마음을 읽어주고 소통·공동체·즐거움의 요소가 포함된 교회 프로그램을 개발할 필요가 있음을 제안한다.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.397-408
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• 2020

본 연구는 COVID-19로 비대면 강의를 경험한 대학 신입생들을 대상으로 경험한 것을 알아보기 위해 15명의 학생들을 대상으로 포커스 그룹 인터뷰를 하였다. 연구 결과 4개의 구성요소가 도출되었으며, 구성요소는 '준비되지 않은 상황에서의 비대면 강의 운영', '강의 방향감 상실과 학습 이탈', '한 방향 듣기', '강의 수강의 편리함'이었다. '준비되지 않은 상황에서의 비대면 강의 운영'의 경험으로는 혼선의 비대면 강의 시작, 번거롭고 불편한 온라인 시스템, 등록금 환불 요구를 경험하였다. '강의 방향감 상실과 학습 이탈'의 경험으로는 강의 집중의 어려움, 학습내용 인식 정도의 결손, 과제 및 시험에 대한 부담을 경험하였으며, '한 방향 듣기'의 경험으로는 교수자 및 학습자 간의 상호작용 부재와 현장의 생동감 미반영을 경험하였다. 마지막으로 참여자들은 '강의 수강의 편리함'으로 내가 원하는 시간에 어디서든 강의 수강 가능과 반복학습 가능에 만족감을 경험하였다. 본 연구를 바탕으로 참여자들은 수준 높은 강의 콘텐츠 및 교수자와 학습자 간 상호 작용에 대한 개선을 요구하였으며 대학에서는 수준 높은 강의 콘텐츠를 구성하기 위한 행·재정적 지원과 교육 설계 및 시스템 구축이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국노년학
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.477-488
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• 2009

본 연구는 노인요양시설에 거주하는 노인의 시설 입소초기(3개월)의 생생한 경험을 토대로 입소노인들이 겪는 어려움을 파악하여, 시설운영자들이 입소노인들의 입소초기 삶의 질과 연관된 요인들을 이해하는 근거자료로 이용될 수 있도록 하고, 입소초기에 입소노인들이 겪는 심리사회적 문제에 효과적으로 개입, 중재할 수 있는 프로그램 개발의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있도록 하기 위해 수행되었다. Patton에 의한 주제분석 방법을 적용한 질적 연구방법을 적용하였고 6명의 입소초기 노인들과의 다면적 심층 면담을 통하여 수집된 자료를 분석한 결과 입소과정 및 입소초기의 경험으로 자발적인 입소결정, 가족의 강권에 따른 입소결정, 자율성의 제한, 개별성의 결여, 입소 전 후의 생활 연계성의 단절, 관계형성의 제한, 미래자아상에 대한 부정적 예견 등의 중심주제가 도출되었다. 시설입소에 대한 노인들의 초기반응에 영향을 주는 근본적인 조건은 독립성과 자율성이었으며 이러한 것들은 입소와 관련된 의사결정 과정 뿐 만 아니라 입소 이후의 적응에도 많은 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 이로부터 노인들에게 입소 후의 생활에서의 자율성을 비롯하여 일상 활동에 대한 선택의 기회를 부여하고, 입소노인의 안전을 위협하지 않는 한 스스로 할 수 있는 일은 직접 수행하게 함으로써 자신의 삶이 독립적이라 생각할 수 있도록 환경을 조성해주는 것이 입소시설에 대한 적응도를 향상시킬 것으로 생각된다. 또한 신체적, 인지적 기능이 비슷한 노인들 간의 활발한 사회적 교류를 통해 새로운 대인관계를 형성하여, 삶의 재편성(reorganization)과 안정화(stabilization)가 일어날 수 있도록 돕는 것이 필요하다고 본다.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.61-86
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• 2006

This phenomenological study aims at exploring the role of family in promoting, maintaining, and developing job activities of women with acquired physical disabilities. As a result of in-depth interviews with 8 women with physical disabilities, 6 theme clusters and 14 sub-themes have appeared. Participants have vividly revealed their experiences with regard to the various support and help of their family. They were provided physical, emotional and financial supports which helped at great extent to overcome the anger and loss resulted from the acquired disabilities. Although most of the participants have experienced failure in job finding several times, they have at last succeeded in it by the consistent help of their family. In particular, the support and help given from the family were substantial and specific which promoted maintaining and developing their career. Therefore the participants could obtain more confidence in themselves and this made the participants to speak for themselves. Although the family roles for the job finding and maintaining of the participants are played in various ways which is positive, effective and specific, there remains some significant problems and limitations. Participants expressed their uncomfortableness in opening their most in-depth thinking and emotions to their family. They have also experienced a great deal of difficulties in maintaining job because of the housework load and child bearing work which is mainly regarded by the family members as the woman's(participant's)duties. In addition to this, sexual needs and sexual identity of the participants are neither recognized nor dealt with seriously in family, The participants also mentioned about the inequal relationships and their self-consciousness among family member as well as the lack of career guidance role of the family. Based on these research findings, we have made a number of suggestions to promote the positive roles and overcome the limited roles of the family.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.807-824
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• 1995

This study was intended to provide women who are experiencing menopause with effective nursing care by exploring the menopause experience. The purpose of the research was to understand the subjective feelings of women about the question of what the menopause experience is. Q-Methodological method was used for that purpose. As the research method, Q-statements were collected preliminary to the study of through in -depth interviews and a literature review. For the study 34 Q-statements were selected. There were 21 women as subjects for the research. The 21 women sorted the 34 statements using the principle of Forced Normal Distribution. The principle of Forced Normal Distribution, which has nine scales to measure the individual opinions, was called Q-Factor Analysis by using PC Quanl Program to supply the material. As a result, there were four categories(self-com-passion type, self-regulation type, self-perception type, self-abandonment type) of special opinion about the menopause experience in these women. The first type was called Self-compassion This type' was associated with varying degrees of emotonal instability(psychological withdrawal). And type in menopause signifies loss of a socially valued status and may result in depressive symptoms. This type expresses the menopause experience as associated with negative reaction. The second type is called Self-regulation. This type overcomes the menopause experience more actively than the other types and do not express the menopause experience as one of suffering. This type make efforts by themselves to regulate the mono-pause experience. The third type is called Self-perception. This type perceives the experience of menopause which as typical menopausal syndrome (hot flashes and decreased vaginal lubrication, decreased estrogen producing atrophic changes of the labia and vaginal mucosa, making intercourse uncomfortable). The fourth type is called Self- abandonment. This type denies the experience of menopause. The meaning of menopausal experience is significantly related with a life accident or life load. Also, This type experiences pain in the musculoskeletal system. As a result, The meaning of the menopausal experience is affected by perceived subjective experience of the nurses, the need to understand each persons meaning of the menopause experience and to develop appropriate nursing interventions based on the typology of menopause experience. Finally. The result of the study will provide basic data for nursing intervention the menopausal women.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제54권3호
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• pp.171-186
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• 2017

This paper introduces a study on ship performance in waves to consider the effects of added resistance in the early stage of hull-form design. A ship experiences a loss of speed in actual seaways, hence this study proposes the overall procedure of a new design concept that takes into account the hydrodynamic performance of ship in waves. In the procedure, the added resistance is predicted using numerical methods: slender-body theory and Maruo's far-field formulation, since these methods are efficient in initial design stage, and an empirical formula is adopted for short waves. As computational models, KVLCC2 hull and Supramax bulk carrier are considered, and the results of added resistance and weather factor for test models are discussed. The computational results of vertical motion response and added resistance of KVLCC2 hull are compared with the experimental data. In addition, the sensitivity analysis of added resistance and weather factor for KVLCC2 hull to the variations of ship dimensions are conducted, and the change of the added resistance and propulsion factors after hull form variations are discussed.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.3-12
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• 2017

From the stages of formation, to the processes of change, the alleys with long history not only reflect on the trends of the area, but also have a historical and cultural value as a place where the local residents make living and socialize. However, due to the rapid growth of the city's civilization, and industrialization, there has been a great amount of loss in the roles of the rural areas while urban areas have been expanding over time. The rural areas including the old alleys have been neglected and fell far behind in the processes of growth overall, and therefore, it became harder to trace the old days as well as the old emotion that we used to see. Nowadays, there are various cases in terms of alley regeneration project as people are getting more interested in it. The alley regeneration projects can be divided into two different backgrounds; a part of urban regeneration project by the government and local organizations and the other developed by the trends. This research, with successful case studies, is for analyzing the direction of the ultimate goal and the identity that only the alleys have. As the alleys contain history, tradition and culture of the community, we need to not only preserve but also maintain all of these since it will affect the goal and the establishment of identity of the alley regeneration projects as a significant factor. In addition, in order to attract visitors from diverse cultures, providing cultural or artistic experiences and aesthetic landscapes will be importantly considered as an additional factor for the research. In other words, through this research, I would like to demonstrate that it is the most important for the alleys fell far behind to establish its identity for continuous successful eyre generation projects, which are not temporary.

• 융합보안논문지
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• 제14권6_1호
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• pp.139-145
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• 2014

우리 군은 미래전에 대비하기 위해 첨단화된 무기와 교육훈련으로 세계 최강의 전투력을 가진 군대로 성장하였지만 이를 운용하는 군인의 정년은 늘지 않고 있다. 퇴직 후 30-40년 이상 사회생활을 해야 하지만 타 공무원 조직보다 상대적으로 정년이 짧은 직업군인들에 대해 관심이 필요한 시점이다. 군 생활을 하면서 다양한 경험과 능력을 사회생활에 접목하고자 하였지만 극소수를 제외하고는 사회에서 활용할 수 없다는 것에 상실감을 느끼고 있다. 직업군인이 인생의 전부인 것처럼 살아왔는데 어느 날 전역이라는 종점이 왔다. 그러나 그것은 인생 2막에 대한 시작일 뿐 아직도 군생활보다 더 긴 사회생활이 남아 있다. 이를 현명하고 치밀하게 준비하여 군생활의 아름다운 마무리와 올바른 사회적응과정을 거쳐 행복한 삶을 이어갈 수 있는 준비를 해야 한다.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.71-91
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• 2008

The definition of cycle time is the time from the wafer start to the wafer output. It usually takes one or two months to get the product since customer decides to produce it. The cycle time is a critical factor for customer satisfaction because it represents the response time to the market. Long cycle time reflects the ineffective investment for the capital. The cycle time is very important for foundry because long cycle time will cause customer unsatisfied and the order loss. Consequently, all of the foundries put lots of human source in the cycle time improvement. Usually, we make decisions based on the experience in the cycle time management. We have no mechanism or theory for cycle time management. We do work-in-process (WIP) management based on turn rate and standard WIP (STD WIP) set by experiences. But the experience didn't mean the optimal solution, when the situation changed, the cycle time or the standard WIP will also be changed. The experience will not always be applicable. If we only have the experience and no mechanism, management will not be work out. After interview several foundry fab managers, all of the fab can't reflect the situation. That is, all of them will have an impact period after product mix or utilization varied. In this study, we want to develop a formula for standard WIP and use statistical process control (SPC) concept to set WIP upper/lower limit level. When WIP exceed the limit level, it will trigger action plans to compensate WIP Profile. If WIP Profile balances, we don't need too much WIP. So WIP level could be reduced and cycle time also could be reduced.

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.121-135
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• 2004

'Long-life' which has been the perennial interest to human beings also carries the risk of multiple losses such as the death of the family members and friends, the loss of physical and cognitive functions. In that regards, living a long life to be the 'oldest-old' could mean not only a 'symbol of successful aging' but also a hardship and low quality of life at the same time. Therefore, the issue of the quality of life of the oldest old has been the subject of the much of the public and research concern in recent days. While there has been increased awareness about the importance of the subjective aspects of the quality of life and meanings attached to the extended life, most researches on the quality of life of the oldest-old have focused only on the objective conditions of the quality of life such as health, economic status and housing conditions. To overcome these limitations this study aims to explore the subject meaning of 'living a long life' in Korean society by investigating centenarians and their caregivers' interpretations of aging experiences. Qualitative data were gathered from the forty-nine Korean centenarians and their caregivers through in-depth interview. Each interview was tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Researchers read each transcript a number of times to get some emerging themes. Most striking result was the fact that most of the centenarians express the 'guilty feelings' and try to offer the 'excuses' about their long life. This results were quite contrary to the results of the studies, done in Japan and western countries like Sweden, United States and Germany, where most of the oldest-old express quite positive interpretations about their long-life and take pride in their longevity. Lack of social support, cohort characteristics of the Korean oldest-old and the cultural interpretations linking the death of children to the long life of older generation are given as possible factors to these unique findings of Korean study. The policy implications of the results are discussed.