• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.255-258
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• 2005

Objective : Lumbar lordotic curve on L4 to S1 level is important in maintaining spinal sagittal alignment. Although there has been no definite report in lordotic value, loss of lumbar lordotic curve may lead to pathologic change especially in degenerative lumbar disease. This study examines the changes of lumbar lordotic curve after posterior lumbar interbody fusion with wedge shape cage. Methods : We studied 45patients who had undergone posterior lumbar interbody fusion with wedge shape cage and screw fixation due to degenerative lumbar disease. Preoperative and postoperative lateral radiographs were taken and one independent observer measured the change of lordotic curve and height of intervertebral space where cages were placed. Segmental lordotic curve angle was measured by Cobb method. Height of intervertebral space was measured by averaging the sum of anterior, posterior, and midpoint interbody distance. Clinical outcome was assessed on Prolo scale at 1month of postoperative period. Results : Nineteen paired wedge shape cages were placed on L4-5 level and 6 paired same cages were inserted on L5-S1 level. Among them, 18patients showed increased segmental lordotic curve angle. Mean increased segmental lordotic curve angle after placing the wedge shape cages was $1.96^{\circ}$. Mean increased disc height was 3.21mm. No cases showed retropulsion of cage. The clinical success rate on Prolo's scale was 92.0%. Conclusion : Posterior lumbar interbody fusion with wedge shape cage provides increased lordotic curve, increased height of intervertebral space, and satisfactory clinical outcome in a short-term period.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 2013

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to find out the relationship between lumbar lordotic angle and low back pain patterns. Methods: We randomly selected the 1191 patients (595 males, 596 females) who have visited Bu-Chun Jaseng Hospital of Korean Medicine with low back pain. We have taken lumbar x-ray films and measured their lumbar lordotic angle, the angle formed between L1 superior margin and S1 superior margin. We investigated 1191 patients' low back pain patterns(date of occurence, existence of radiating pain, trend of increasing pain with lumbar extention and flexion, trend of increasing pain with standing and sitting positions) and analysed the relationship between lumbar lordotic angle and low back pain patterns. Results: 1. The lumbar lordotic angle of the acute phase patient is more straight than the chronic one. 2. The lumbar lordotic angle of the patients with radiating pain is more straight than the patients without radiating pain. 3. At acute phase, the lumbar lordotic angle of the patients with increasing pain from lumbar extention is more straight than those with increasing pain from lumbar flexion. 4. At chronic phase, the lumbar lordotic angle of the patients with increasing pain from lumbar flexion is more straight than those with increasing pain from lumbar extention. Conclusions: There was a significant correlation between lumbar lordotic angle and low back pain.

• Journal of International Academy of Physical Therapy Research
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1834-1839
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• 2019

Background: Lumbar lordosis is a result of muscle shortening and may cause low back pain. Objective: To examine the effects of static and dynamic stretching on lumbar lordosis and low back pain in university students. Stretching is an intervention that can be applied to shortened muscles; however, very few studies have compared the effects of static and dynamic stretching on lumbar lordosis and low back pain. Design: Randomized controlled clinical trial (single-blind) Methods: The 12 selected subjects were randomly assigned static stretching and dynamic stretching groups each containing six students. The subjects in each group performed their respective stretching programs for 17 minutes, 3 times a week for 4 weeks. Lumbar lordotic angle, low back pain, and Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) were measured before and after the intervention. Results: Intragroup comparisons showed significant reductions in lumbar lordotic angle and low back pain in the static stretching group while the dynamic stretching group showed significant decreases in lumbar lordotic angle, low back pain, and ODI. The intergroup comparisons showed significantly greater differences between pre- and post-intervention in lumbar lordotic angle and low back pain in the dynamic stretching group compared to those in the static stretching group while ODI did not show any intergroup difference. Conclusions: The results of this study indicated that, while both static and dynamic stretching helped to reduce the lumbar lordotic angle and low back pain, dynamic stretching was more effective in alleviating lumbar lordotic angle and low back pain compared to static stretching.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.39-52
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between lumbar lordotic angle and the power of trunk flexors, extensors in normal adults Methods : 34 normal participants participated in this study. Their lumbar lordotic angle(L1-S1 Cobb's angle and L1-L5 cobb's angle) was measured by x-ray taken on lateral direction, erect cross-arm position. And muscle power of trunk flexors and extensors of each participant measured using Cybex HUMAC NORM. Results : 1. The average of L1-S1 Cobb's angle was $47.21{\pm}8.88^{\circ}$ and the average of L1-L5 Cobb's angle was $36.32{\pm}9.62^{\circ}$(Table IV). 2. The average ratio of trunk flexors/extensors was $6.44{\pm}19.31%$(Table V). The average power of the trunk flexors was $165.18{\pm}55.05$(Newton-Meter/kg), and the power of trunk extensors was $257.18{\pm}85.53$ (Newton-Meter/kg)(Table VI). 3. Lumbar lordotic angle has no relation to the ratio of trunk flexors/extensors(Table VII, Fig. 4). 4. Lumbar lordotic angle has no relation to both the power of the trunk flexors and extensors(Table VIII, Fig. 5, Fig. 6). Conclusions : These results suggest that the lumbar lordotic angle measured by radiograph could not evaluate the power and ratio of trunk flexors, extensors.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.763-775
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• 1998

Some segment or segments of the body must compensate for the heel, and the higher the heel the greater the compensation. Such compensation was once generally thought to take place in the lumbar region and therefore to increase the lumbar lordosis. The purpose of this study is to analyze changes of lumbar sagittal curvature in barefoot and 6cm 12cm high-heel stance. We selected 19 subjects(11 males, 8 females} without history of lower back pain, significant spinal abnormality. And lateral view X-ray of lumbar region from T12 to S1 was taken of each individual. On each X-ray film, lumbar lordotic angle lumbosacral angle and lumbar segmental angles were measured by Cobb method. We drew the following interpretations from the analysis of measured variables of the lumbar region. 1. In comparison of barefoot 6cm heel 12cm heel stance, lumbar lordotic angle had a tendency to decrease according as the heel height was higher. The change in lumbar lordosis measured in high-heel stance was inconsistent with clinical forkelord of hyperlordosis in wearers of high-heeled. 2. Lumbar lordotic angle from T12 to L5 showed sex difference, and was more lordotic in female(p<0.05). 3. There was no sex difference in lumbosacral angle and lumbar segmental angles(p>0.05). 4. There was a significant correlation between lumbar lordotic angle and lumbosacral angle(r>0.60).

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.59-69
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate correlations between lumbar lordotic angle(LLA), Ferguson's angle(FA) and bone mineral density(BMD) in patients with low back pain. Methods : We measured LLA, FA and BMD of 199 patients with low back pain. Then we analyzed correlations between LLA, FA and BMD using statistical program. Results : There was significant correlation between LLA and FA, and also between age, height and BMD. There was no significant correlations between LLA, FA and BMD. BMD of paitients also showed no significant correlations with LLA and FA according to age and sex. Conclusions : BMD had no significant effect on LLA and FA. On the other hand, there was significant correlation between LLA and FA.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.23-34
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• 1999

The purposes of this study were to investigate biomechanical variables of the lumbar spine for women who enjoy recreational exercises regularly, and to determine the factors that influence these variables. These variables were determined by the X-ray pictures of the lumbar area of 80 housewives who visited the department of rehabilitation at the Y Hospital from October 1997 to March 1998. The sacral inclination angle, the sacrohorizontal angle, the lumbosacral joint angle, and the lumbar lordotic angle were analysed. The t-test, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used to determine the significant differences and relationships among variables. The result were as follows: 1) There was a significant difference in the sacral inclination angle (p<0.01), the sacrohorizontal angle (p<0.05) and the lumbar lordotic angle (p<0.05) between the bilateral and the unilateral exercise group. 2) With the sacral inclination angle, the sacrohorizontal angle, the lumbosacral joint angle and the lumbar lordotic angle, correlation was found between the sacral inclination angle and the sacrohorizontal angle (p<0.01), the sacral inclination angle and the lumbosacral joint angle (p<0.05), the sacral inclination angle and the lumbar lordotic angle (p<0.05), and the sacrohorizontal angle and the lumbosacral joint angle (p<0.01). 3) In the bilateral exercise group, the sacral inclination angle correlated with age (p<0.01). The sacrohorizontal angle correlated with age (p<0.01) and exercise time (p<0.01). The lumbar lordotic angle correlated with age (p<0.05) and exercise duration (p<0.05). In the unilateral exercise group, the sacral inclination angle correlated with age (p<0.01), while the sacrohorizontal angle correlated with age (p<0.01) and exercise duration (p<0.05). The lumbar lordotic angle correlated with age (p<0.05).

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.227-239
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation of Ferguson's angle, Lumbar lordotic angle, Lumbar IVD angle in traffic accident patients. Methods : Total patients were classified into TA(traffic accident) inpatients and non-TA(lumbago) inpatients. We analyzed the characteristics of each group Ferguson's angle, Lumbar lordotic angle, L4-5 IVD angle, L5-S1 IVD angle on X-ray film. Results : 1. Ferguson's angle and Lumbar lordotic angle were smaller than normal range. Non-TA group's angles were smaller than TA group's angles. 2. L4-5 IVD angle of female showed smaller than that of male in TA groups. The older age was, the smaller L4-5 IVD angle was at non-TA groups. 3. L5-S1 IVD angle of female showed smaller than that of male in total groups. The older age was, the smaller L5-S1 IVD angle was at non-TA groups. 4. Ferguson's angle, Lumbar lordotic angle, Lumbar IVD angle were related with direct proportion in total groups. 5. Non-TA groups showed more effective VAS variation than TA groups. Conclusions : Lumbar angles were intimately related with each others. And lumbar angles have an effect on curative value.

• The Journal of Churna Manual Medicine for Spine and Nerves
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.17-32
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• 2007

Objectives : The lumbosacral joint is unstable area from an anatomical viewpoint, while it is also a very mobile area in ordinary life, so that clinically major causes of low back pain originate in this joint. The purpose of this study is to assess the difference of the Ferguson's angles, Lumbar gravity lines, Lumbar lordotic angles among Herniated of Intervertebral Disc(HIVD) patients. Methods : We analyzed the lateral view of lumbar spine checked at erect position on 88 patients who had been diagnosed as HIVD by Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI). We investigated the Ferguson's angle, Lumbar gravity line, Lumbar lordotic angle on X-ray film. Results and Conclusions : In the acute lumbago group the Ferguson's angle had a tendency to decrease, while in the chronic group it had a tendency to increase. In the acute lumbago group the Lumbar gravity line fell in front of the normal range(sacrum), while in the chronic group it fell behind the normal range(sacrum). In the acute lumbago group the Lumbar lordotic angle usually decreased, while in the chronic group it increased. The Ferguson's angle and the Lumbar gravity line, the Ferguson's angle and the Lumbar lordotic angle, the Lumbar gravity line and Lumbar lordotic angle each had a positive realtionship. The Ferguson's angle, the Lumbar gravity line and the Lumbar lordotic angle was less influenced by the level of HIVD and was more influenced by how long the patient had the pain. The correlationship between each factor was less in the chronic lumbago group than the acute group. In the chronic lumbago group the instability of the lumbosacral joint increased, while in the acute group the compression of the weight on the sacrum increased.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.49-50
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• 2009