• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.178-189
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to look into the necessity of strengthening the knowledge base about longitudinal and latitudinal coordinate system in secondary educational curriculum. GPS based location service increases the use of longitude and latitude coordinate system. And many developed countries including USA and Japan have already included this contents in secondary education curriculum. But the secondary school Curriculum of Korea does not include the detailed contents regarding longitudinal and latitudinal coordinate system theory, and as a result the level of Korean students knowledge on this subject is low. The frequency of appearing of the information related to longitudinal and latitudinal coordinate systems in newspaper articles in Korea has been steadily increasing since after 2000. And a lot of articles appearing in newspapers provide the location information in the form of longitude and latitude coordinates, so the readers would be able to apply that. It was found out that the situation in schools is developed good enough for the use of spatial information system based upon the longitudinal and latitudinal coordinate system. The conclusion is that geography education in Korea needs systematical implementation of the knowledge base of longitudinal and latitudinal coordinate system.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.1197-1199
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• 2003

ROCSAT-2 mission is to daily image over Taiwan and the surrounding area for disaster monitoring, land use, and ocean surveillance during the 5-year mission lifetime. The satellite will be launched in December 2003 into its mission orbit, which is selected as a 14 rev/day repetitive Sun-synchronous orbit descending over (120 deg E, 24 deg N) and 9:45 a.m. over the equator with the minimum eccentricity. National Space Program Office (NSPO) is developing a ROCSAT-2 Image Processing System (IPS), which aims to provide real-time high quality image data for ROCSAT-2 mission. A simulated ROCSAT-2 image, based on Level 1B QuickBird Data, is generated for IPS verification. The test image is comprised of one panchromatic data and four multispectral data. The qualification process consists of four procedures: (a) QuickBird image processing, (b) generation of simulated ROCSAT-2 image in Generic Raw Level Data (GERALD) format, (c) ROCSAT-2 image processing, and (d) geometric error analysis. QuickBird standard photogrammetric parameters of a camera that models the imaging and optical system is used to calculate the latitude and longitude of each line and sample. The backward (inverse model) approach is applied to find the relationship between geodetic coordinate system (latitude, longitude) and image coordinate system (line, sample). The bilinear resampling method is used to generate the test image. Ground control points are used to evaluate the error for data processing. The data processing contains various coordinate system transformations using attitude quaternion and orbit elements. Through the qualification test process, it is verified that the IPS is capable of handling high-resolution image data with the accuracy of Level 2 processing within 500 m.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.93-104
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• 1992

Although the Transverse Mercator(TM) coordinate is used on standard topogrphic maps of Korea as a supplement to regular latitude-longitude coordinate, the use of this TM coordinate system is rather limited to a single coordinate zone that spans only two degrees of longitude. With growing applications of a variety of digiral geographic data, such as satellite remote sensor data, a Cartesian or rectangular coordinate system is more effective to deal with such data type than angular coordinate system. An unified rectangular coordinate system based on the Transverse Mercator projection is designed to cover the whole area of the Korea Peninsula as a single coordinate zone. Considering the width of the peninsula and the distribution of scale error, the origin of the coordinate is determined to 127$^{\circ}$30' east and 38$^{\circ}$ north. Coordinate conversion procedure is discussed along with the corresponding scale error term.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.59-63
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• 2008

Geo-coding refers to the process of associating data with location information, and the system deals with geographic identifiers expressed as latitude and longitude or street addresses. Although many services have been launched, there still remains a problem for users to create geo-coded photo with manually labeling GPS(Global Positioning System) coordinate or synchronizing with separate devices. In this paper, we design and implement a geo-coding system which utilizes the time and location information embedded in digital photographs in order to automatically categorize a personal photo collection. An included GPS receiver labels a photograph with its corresponding GPS coordinates, and the position of the camera is automatically recorded into the photo image header at the moment of capture. The place and time where the photo was taken allows us to provide context metadata on the management and retrieval of information.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.171-183
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• 2016

Small-scale maps currently used are made by scanning and editing printed maps and its shortcoming is accumulated errors at the time of editing and low accuracy. TM projection method is used but its accuracy varies. In addition, small-scale maps are made without consideration of usability and compatibility with other scale maps. Therefore, it is necessary to suggest projection and coordinates system improvement methods in consideration of usability and compatibility between data. The results of this study reveal that in order to make the optimum small-scale map, projection that fits the purpose of map usage in each scale, coordinate system and neat line composition should be selected in consideration of interrelation and compatibility with other maps. Conic projection should be used to accurately illustrate the entire country, but considering usability and compatibility with other maps, traversing cylindrical projection should be used instead of conic projection. For coordinates system of the small-scale map, Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM-K) based on the World Geodetic System should be used instead of conventional longitude and latitude coordinate system or Transverse Mercator.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.37-45
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• 1993

We research on the coordinate transformation between Korean geodetic system and WGS 1984. We made the wide area an object of our research. This area covers the range of longitude $1^\circ$ 32'and latitude $1^\circ$ 7'and is four times wider than a first stage research published in 1992. For this research, we performed GPS observations at 10 control point (seven astrogeodetic points, three triangulation points) and eight banch marks nearby control points, and then transformed the coordinates of WGS 84 to Korean geodetic system using the 7 parameter method, Molodensky method and MRE method. From this test, we compared the precision of the coordinate transformation by each method and checked which method is more applicable to Korea. We could find that the precision by 7 parameter method is three times better than the other methods and that the coordinate transformation by 7 parameter method is possible with the precision of 0".017, 0".016, 0.329 m in latitude, longitude and height. We could check and correct the height blunder of the control points by the bench marks nearby control point. We also could find the precision of coordinate transformation is more improved by the correction of height blunder.t blunder.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.6_3
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• pp.1771-1777
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• 2023

With the advancements of deep learning, many semantic segmentation-based methods for land cover classification have been proposed. However, existing deep learning-based models only use image information and cannot guarantee spatiotemporal consistency. In this study, we propose a land cover classification model using geographical coordinates. First, the coordinate features are extracted through the Coordinate Hash Encoder, which is an extension of the Multi-resolution Hash Encoder, an implicit neural representation technique, to the longitude-latitude coordinate system. Next, we propose an architecture that combines the extracted coordinate features with different levels of U-net decoder. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the mean intersection over union by about 32% and improves the spatiotemporal consistency.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2015

Graphical processing unit (GPU) contains many arithmetic logic units (ALUs). Because many ALUs can be exploited to process parallel processing, GPU provides efficient data processing. The spatial data require many geographic coordinates to represent the shape of them in a map. The coordinates are usually stored as geodetic longitude and latitude. To display a map in 2-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system, the geodetic longitude and latitude should be converted to the Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinate system. The conversion to the other coordinate system and the rendering process to represent the converted coordinates to screen use complex floating-point computations. In this paper, we propose a parallel processing technique that processes the conversion and the rendering using the GPU to improve the performance. Large spatial data is stored in the disk on files. To process the large amount of spatial data efficiently, we propose a technique that merges the spatial data files to a large file and access the file with the method of memory mapped file. We implement the proposed technique and perform the experiment with the 747,302,971 points of the TIGER/Line spatial data. The result of the experiment is that the conversion time for the coordinate systems with the GPU is 30.16 times faster than the CPU only method and the rendering time is 80.40 times faster than the CPU.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-13
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• 1984

Projection has been used in order to indicate the horizontal position of triangulation stations which had been existed on the earth surface. In our country, the plane Rectangular coordinate of the triangulation station is computed by means of Gauss Double projection. But it proves to contain many errors according to the difference in Latitude and longitude. Therefore, in this study Transverse Mercator projection which is known to contain less error than Gauss Double projection in an applied region is introduced, and the results obtain by two these projections and the value today in our country are compared and analysed. when an another plane Rectangular Coordinate system is added to the present 3-plane Rectangular Coordinate system, there is an object inshowing the best position.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.291-294
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• 2004

There are many position fixing systems in the world from ancient times. But the principles are to compare the position to want to know with the known position already. The position finding system which is not restricted by weather condition and/or electronic apparatus has been sought. The best system is the GPS as far. But the system has the fatal faults as follows; 1. to depend on satellite's accuracy, 2. not to use underwater. This paper is to investigate theoretically position fixing and north finding by using free gyroscope. This paper introduce a position fixing and north finding method by measuring inclination of 2 free gyroscopes. And this system does not depend on the weather condition and underwater condition. What is more, it could use on the planets, if the gravity exits.