• Journal of Distribution Science
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2014

Purpose - This research aims to explore factors that could facilitate and/or impede consumers' long-term goal-relevant food consumption, in the pursuit of a long-term goal. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - The main experiment's sample comprised 289 female students at C University. The structural equation model of the Amos 18.0 program was used to verify the hypotheses. Results - Hypotheses concerning positive effects of long-term goal commitment and expectancy of long-term goal attainment, and negative effects of pleasure-seeking needs on long-term goal-relevant food consumption behaviors were accepted. Furthermore, self-efficacy's positive effects on long-term goal commitment and expectancy of long-term goal attainment, and negative effects on the strength of pleasure-seeking were explored. Appearance self-esteem negatively affected long-term goal commitment. Conclusions - Individuals' self-efficacy positively affects long-term goal commitment and expectancy of long-term goal attainment, and significantly weakens the need to seek pleasure in food consumption behaviors. Appearance self-esteem negatively affects long-term goal commitment. Both long-term goal commitment and expectancy of long-term goal attainment significantly positively influence long-term goal-relevant food consumption behaviors. However, those heavily needing pleasure-seeking are less likely to engage in such behaviors.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2006년도 추계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.149-152
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• 2006

Serviceability of reinforced concrete building is affected dominantly by long term deflection of slab. And in case of reinforced concrete building with flat plate slab, severe long term deflection was expected because it has no beams which have large flexural stiffness. Therefore it is important to calculate exactly long term deflection of RC flat plate structure to assure its serviceability. However, current codes couldn't calculate exactly long term deflection of RC flat plate structure because they don't consider effects of boundary condition and construction load. By the way, recently the method to calculate long term deflection of RC flat plate structure was proposed by considering these effects. In the present study, long term deflection of RC flat plate structure was analyzed by comparing this method with recent experimental results. In conclusion, long term deflection of RC flat plate structure was affected considerably by effects of boundary condition, construction load and tensile strength of concrete. And recently proposed method considers these effects reasonably but it should be modified to reflect creep effect of RC flat plate slab reasonably.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.37-56
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to analyze effects of medical service quality on the customer satisfaction and intention of revisit in long-term care hospitals. To achieve purpose of the research, the data was collected from 321 patients in 8 long-term care hospitals using a standardized questionnaires. Using the structural equation modeling(SEM), this study examines the relationship among medical service quality, customer satisfaction and intention of revisit. The results show that the medical service quality factors such as convenience and accessibility have positive effects on the customer satisfaction which positively relates to intention of revisit. Medical expertise of the service quality factors has positive influence upon intention of revisit in long-term care hospitals. Therefore, the results of this study show that the medical service quality factors which are convenience and accessibility leading to customer satisfaction are important factors to select long-term care hospitals.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.3-13
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect that completing long-term on-site training with varying grades of success had on the job satisfaction of former university students after obtaining employment. Although the grades themselves achieved during long-term on-site training did not directly affect job satisfaction, positive effects on job satisfaction were shown due to the mediating effects of job match and organizational commitment. The results of this study are as follows: First, it was found that employees who participated in long-term on-site training showed different results in belonging and attachment to their organizations according to their achievement. The higher the grades during long-term on-site training, the higher the degree of reported job match and organizational commitment, suggesting a positive correlation with job satisfaction. Therefore, long-term on-site training should not be operated as simply a program for temporary experiential learning, but instead should be optimized by companies and schools to motivate their students to achieve high grades for the purpose of their future job satisfaction.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.311-320
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• 2009

The short term (24-hr) and long term (21 days) effects of copper, cadmium, fenbendazole and sulfathiazole on the survival of the Korean fairy shrimp Branchinella kugenumaensis were evaluated. The 24-hr median lethal concentrations ($LC_{50}$) of copper, cadmium, fenbendazole, and sulfathiazole were 39, 512, 182, and 31,818 ${\mu}g/L$, respectively. The toxicity of copper is highest among 4 chemicals used in this study, while sulfathazole the lowest. After the long term (21 days) exposure experiment, the $LC_{50}$ copper, cadmium, fenbendazole, and sulfathiazole were 1.12, 2.1, 0.1, 6.6 ${\mu}g/L$, respectively. The long term effects of antibiotics were highly enhanced while the short-term effects were not strong. The sensitivities of B. kugenumaensis to copper and cadmium were higher than or comparable to those of other freshwater branchiopods (Streptocephalus spp., Thamnocephalus sp.), and far higher than the marine species (Artemia sp.). There were significant effects on the survival of B. kugenumaensis after long term exposure to relatively lower concentrations of copper, cadmium, fenbendazole and sulfathiazole. Therefore, B. kugenumaensis seems quite a good candidate species for the ecotoxicological assessments of freshwater environments.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Heat Treatment
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.294-301
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• 2021

In the present study, we investigate the effects of long-term heat treatment at elevated temperatures on the mechanical softening of the Mn-Mo-Ni low-alloy steel. The influence of long-term heat treatment on microstructure and mechanical strength was evaluated. To simulate the long-term material degradation, heat treatment test was interrupted at several stages up to 10,000 hours in an electric furnace. The Mn-Mo-Ni low-alloy steel shows a typical bainitic phase, which consists of a well-developed lath substructure with fine precipitates along the lath boundaries. However, these fine precipitates were redissolved into the matrix with long-term heat treatment, and then the lath substructures were recovered. Consequently, ultimate tensile strength and yield strength decreased during long-term heat treatment showing a mechanical softening phenomenon.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.589-597
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether strategic alliance sales promotions have short-term or long-term or sales or communication effects in the family restaurant industry. The hypotheses were tested in family restaurant settings using a sample of customers visiting and enjoying food in the metropolitan city of Daegu. Empirical results confirmed that strategic alliance sales promotions had short-term and long-term effects, as well as sales and communication effects. Therefore, family restaurant managers should adopt or keep sales promotion strategic alliances with credit card companies. Furthermore, family restaurant managers should adopt or keep sales promotions with other companies. In a future study, more variables should be selected to test the sales promotion effects of strategic alliances.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.44-55
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between post - employment job satisfaction and both short-term (4-12 weeks) and long-term (12+weeks) on-site training. For this purpose, 405 graduates who had completed on-site training (205 short-term, 200 long term) during the school year were surveyed. The results of the comparative analysis of both short-term and long-term on-site training participants are as follows: In both short-term and long-term on-site training, it was found that on-site performance during the school year did not directly affect post-employment job satisfaction. In the case of short-term on-site training participants, job match and organizational commitment were found to have no mediating effect on the correlation between on-site training performance and job satisfaction. On the other hand, in the case of long-term on-site training participants, the analysis showed that job match and organizational commitment had mediating effects on the correlation between on-site training performance and job satisfaction. These effects are not solely attributable to differences in duration of training; the differences in operating systems and the degree of preparation derived from these systems also affect the level of on-site training for students, businesses, and schools. This paper summarizes these findings and suggests the following improvement plans for on-site training in the future: First, short-term on-site training is required to establish a systematic basis in order to enhance students' preparedness level. Second, both short-term and long-term on-site training should improve the skills and field understanding for students' majors through systematic quality management during the training period. Third, it is necessary for universities to increase expectations and quality of short-term on-site training for all involved while simultaneously reducing the gap between educational goals and practice in this field.

• Health Policy and Management
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.104-122
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• 2010

Long-term care insurance has been introduced in Korea a year ago, and we are in a stage requiring to set principles regarding the generosity of coverage and how to gradually extend the coverage. This study empirically analyzes how the long-term care insurance in Korea is operated. Special attention is given to who is the main beneficiary of the long-term care insurance introduction, and what is the factors influencing the elderly's decision to apply for or use long-term care services. Use of a detailed information of individuals' public health insurance and long-term care insurance from administration data made it possible to control for health status, socioeconomic status including family type, housing tenure, income level. Logit models were employed to analyze the effects of various socioeconomic factors on the likelihood of applying and using long-term care services. Also, this study employed a survey questioning whether to ever willing to take other option as a alternative to residential care or home-care and the level of cash benefit for which they are willing to replace the formal care with informal care. The result indicated that although the poorest elderly population groups are in the greatest need for the long-term care service, they are in difficulty using the service due to economic burden. This implies the copayment amount needs to be adjusted in order for the poor elderly group to be able to get the benefit of the long-term care service.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.97-114
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• 2021

Purpose - The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of privatization of Chinese state-owned enterprises (SOEs) on their initial returns and long-term performance after initial public offering(IPO). Design/methodology/approach - This study used 1,599 Chinese IPO firms, some of which were SOEs. The multivariate regression analyses were implemented to analyze their effects. Findings - First, the privatization of SOEs does not have any statistically significant effect on the initial return of IPO firms. Second, the shareholdings of government prior to IPOs for both privatizing of SOEs and non-privatizing firms and for both exchanges of Shanghai and Shenzhen have a statistically significant positive effect on the initial return of IPO firms. Third, the privatization of SOEs has statistically significant negative effect on the long-term returns of IPO firms. Fourth, the state-shareholdings prior to IPOs have statistically significant negative effects on the long-term return of IPO firms. Fifth, the state-shareholdings of the privatizing SOEs prior to IPOs have statistically significant positive effects on the long-term return of IPO firms. Research implications or Originality - The results imply that the higher shareholdings and ownership of the Chinese government on SOEs reduce the information asymmetry for the investors of IPO shares or maybe due to inefficiency of SOEs prior to IPOs lead to lower offer prices or higher opening prices leading to severe underpricing and relatively lower stock market returns in the long-run both for the privatizing firms and for the higher state-shareholding firms, while both factors interactively improve their long-term stock market returns.