• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.1-32
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• 2022

Objectives : This paper examines major symptoms representation in COVID-19 patients as groundwork for development of an effective clinical data collection format in Korean Medicine. Methods : Major symptoms representation in COVID-19 related papers published worldwide were collected. Corresponding symptoms in Korean Medicine were then examined, followed by discussion of symptomatic features that require further consideration in regards to a more systematic clinical data collection. Results : Of 256 papers, most papers listed fever and cough while symptoms such as difficulty breathing, diarrhea, muscle pain, headache, nausea, fatigue, chest pain, phlegm, nasal discharge were also mostly listed. Clinical representations could be categorized into general symptoms, throat symptoms, chest symptoms, head and facial symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, musculo-skeletal and cutaneous symptoms, psychiatric symptoms and sensory problems. Conclusions : Although each clinical representation could be likened to certain clinical representations of Korean Medicine, the variety of symptoms were too limiting and lacking in detail to be applied in the pattern identification[辨證] of Korean Medicine. For effective clinical data collection and analysis in the future, symptom change according to time, comparison between location, climate and ethnicity, existence of interior symptoms when diagnosing exterior symptoms, deficiency-excessiveness of blood patterns, consciousness levels, etc., need to be considered in establishing criteria for symptom evaluation.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 8th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.510-519
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• 2020

Within an intelligent automated cyber-physical system, the realization of the autonomous mechanism for data collection, data integration, and data analysis plays a critical role in the design, development, operation, and maintenance of such a system. This construct is particularly vital for fault-tolerant route-finding systems that rely on the imprecise GPS location of the vehicles to properly operate, timely plan, and continuously produce informative feedback to the user. More essentially, the integration of digital twins with cyber-physical route-finding systems has been overlooked in intelligent transportation services with the capacity to construct the network routes solely from the locations of the operating vehicles. To address this limitation, the present study proposes a conceptual architecture that employs digital twin to autonomously maintain, update, and manage intelligent transportation systems. This virtual management simulation can improve the accuracy of time-of-arrival prediction based on auto-generated routes on which the vehicle's real-time location is mapped. To that end, first, an intelligent transportation system was developed based on two primary mechanisms: 1) an automated route finding process in which predictive data-driven models (i.e., regularized least-squares regression) can elicit the geometry and direction of the routes of the transportation network from the cloud of geotagged data points of the operating vehicles and 2) an intelligent mapping process capable of accurately locating the vehicles on the map whereby their arrival times to any point on the route can be estimated. Afterward, the digital representations of the physical entities (i.e., vehicles and routes) were simulated based on the auto-generated routes and the vehicles' locations in near-real-time. Finally, the feasibility and usability of the presented conceptual framework were evaluated through the comparison between the primary characteristics of the physical entities with their digital representations. The proposed architecture can be used by the vehicle-tracking applications dependent on geotagged data for digital mapping and location tracking of vehicles under a systematic comparison and simulation cyber-physical system.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2022년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.355-357
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• 2022

본 논문에서는 딥러닝 네트워크인 순환신경망(RNN) 모델을 사용해 이동 중인 객체의 이동 경로의 예측을 위한 포지셔닝 기술로서 실내 환경에서 지역 경로 내의 이동 중인 차량의 경로 예측에 연속적인 위치 정보를 이용하여 현재 위치 결정의 오류를 낮출 수 있는 이동 경로 생성 기법을 제안한다. GPS 정보를 사용할 수 없는 실내 환경의 경우 RNN 모델을 적용하기 위해서는 데이터 세트가 연속적이고 순차적이어야 한다. 그러나 Wi-Fi 전파 지문 데이터는 수집 시점의 특정 위치에 대한 특징 정보로서 연속성이 보장되지 않기 때문에 RNN 데이터로 사용할 수 없다. 따라서 RNN 모델에 필요한 순차적 위치의 연속성을 부여하여 실내 환경의 지역 경로를 이동하는 차량의 이동 경로 생성 기법을 제안한다.

• 물과 미래
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.133-144
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• 1995

본 연구의 목적은 실시간 자료수집 시스템의 일환으로서 어떤 유역에 존재하는 기존의 강우관측지점으로로부터 유역평균강우량을 산정할 때나 이를 강우-유출 모형의 입력치로 사용할 때 필요한 강우관측지점의 수와 위치를 선정하는 방법을 제시하였다. 유역평균강우량 산정방법은 미국 국립기상청이 제안한 가중치방법을 사용하였다. 강우관측지점 수에 따른 국부적인 최적위치선정은 서로 다른 두가지 방법으로 추적되었다. 유량예측을 위한 강우관측지점의 최적위치와 수를 결정하기 위하여 실제 실무에서 적용하고 있는 강우-유출 모형을 사용하였다.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.3-8
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• 1995

The anemometer measurements were obtained from stationary hot-film probe mounted between the forward and rear rotors of a model CRP which rotated the forward and different directions. Data collection was done at several locations between rotors. To establish rotor-rotor interaction flow mechanism that contributes noise increasement of the CRP, methods of simple and the double condition-at sampling have been developed. The former uses to find similarity of the wake the later fixes the forward rotor position in time or space and permits averaging the mean wake at any fixed rotor angular location. The variation of the forward wake Is strongly depending upon the rear rotor location.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.466-472
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• 2020

본 연구는 자유선택놀이 활동에서 유아의 또래관계 탐색을 위한 위치데이터의 활용 방안을 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위해 충남 소재 유아교육기관 1개 학급, 14명을 대상으로 웨어러블 디바이스를 활용하여 위치데이터를 수집했다. 수집한 위치데이터의 전처리를 위해 스무딩 기법을 적용하여 수집 과정에서 발생한 결측치를 복구하고 파이썬의 Matplotlib를 활용해 데이터를 시각화했다. 이후 수식을 활용하여 위치데이터에서 이동거리, 유아 간 거리, 유아의 상호작용 유형을 추출했다. 연구결과 시간의 흐름에 따른 1) 이동거리의 변화와 누적값 및 평균값, 2) 유아간 거리 변화와 평균 거리값 3) 상호작용 유형의 변화와 경향성을 도출할 수 있었다. 정보통신기술의 발달은 교육현장에 많은 변화를 야기하고 있으며 특히 최근 교육 현장에서는 학습자의 특성, 요구를 중심으로 다양한 교수-학습적 처방을 통한 맞춤형 교육에 대한 수요가 높아지고 있다. 이러한 연구결과는 교사가 모든 유아를 세밀하게 관찰하기 어려운 상황에서 유아들의 또래집단 형성 과정에 대한 정보를 제공할 수 있으며 이에 따른 교육 프로그램의 설계 및 운영에 유의미한 정보로 활용될 수 있다.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.83-88
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• 2018

Purpose - This study conducts an empirical analysis on gasoline pricing of Korean retail gas stations focusing on spatial effects. Unlike previous studies, the study uses an official land price for a proxy of the importance of location, and also allows the spatial effects from other competing gas stations as well. Research design, data, and methodology - In collection of data, we obtain more abundant data than those of previous studies. The gasoline prices used in the study are 909,084 observations as daily data from January 1 to July 31 of the year 2016. A proxy for the land price is collected by linking official public land price data with address information on each gas station. For the estimation, the study employs the Panel Spatial Dubin Model to make the best use of the collected location information. Results - As expected, spatial properties of gas stations have significant effects on the gasoline price. As the price per square meter increases by 100 thousands won, the price of gasoline rises 9 won per liter. Among other characteristics, the price increases by 16 won per liter if the station has a convenience store, and about 5 won if it has a car wash service. Gasoline price in Singapore accounted for 26% of variations in domestic gasoline prices. SK Energy and GS Caltex are the top brands in terms of price. The study also finds prices and other important properties of competing gas stations have significant effects on others' prices. Prices of competing gas station have a positive relationship with those of others. If a competing gas station raises the price, the gas station also raises the price, and lowering the price lower the price. Among brands, GS Caltex has the greatest downward pressure on nearby gas stations. Conclusions - The study confirms that location value of gas stations affect their gasoline prices, and the prices of the competing gas stations also have a significant effects on their prices. It suggests that the prices in the competing retail areas tend to be synchronized with each other.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.35-51
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to provide information for research about residents' opinion toward the physical environments of elderly facilities, through the analysis and investigation on the research methodology of foreign academic journal articles from 1990 to 2014. The study results were as follows: Firstly, purposive sampling was a large majority of both facilities and elderly residents. In quantitative studies, many researchers have conducted simple random, cluster, or stratified sampling. Diverse facilities in area, size, location, and etc. should be considered for participation. The qualifications for residents' participation should be considered as well, so that they all could have autonomy for study participation. Secondly, questionnaire and semi-structured guide were likely to be used in independent and resident care facilities. On the other hand in assisted living and long-term care facilities, open questions and visual material were used as well. A compatible scale should be developed so that elderly having variable functional level could participate independently in the study. Thirdly, in data collection process, compliance with research ethics and well trained interviewer's skill were important for residents' active responses and minimization of response errors. Enough research period of time and mixed study in data collection will decrease the response error.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.17-29
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• 2016

Ultrasonic tomography is a powerful tool for identifying defects within an object or structure. But practical application of ultrasonic tomography to solids is often limited by time consuming transducer coupling. Air-coupled ultrasonic measurements may eliminate the coupling problem and allow for more rapid data collection and tomographic image construction. This research aims to integrate recent developments in air-coupled ultrasonic measurements with current tomography reconstruction routines to improve testing capability. The goal is to identify low velocity inclusions (air-filled voids and notches) within solids using constructed velocity images. Finite element analysis is used to simulate the experiment in order to determine efficient data collection schemes. Comparable air-coupled ultrasonic signals are then collected through homogeneous and isotropic solid (PVC polymer) samples. Volumetric (void) and planar (notch) inclusions within the samples are identified in the constructed velocity tomograms for a variety of transducer configurations. Although there is some distortion of the inclusions, the experimentally obtained tomograms accurately indicate their size and location. Reconstruction error values, defined as misidentification of the inclusion size and position, were in the range of 1.5-1.7%. Part 2 of this paper set will describe the application of this imaging technique to concrete that contains inclusions.

• 사물인터넷융복합논문지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2016

본 논문에서는 지역 상권들과의 연계가 가능하며 실시간 관광정보 업데이트 및 무선 데이터망 없이도 관광정보를 제공할 수 있는 블루투스 비콘기반의 온오프라인 관광 솔루션(BBTS)을 제안한다. BBTS는 블루투스 기반의 저전력 데이터 공급시스템과 비콘과 연동 가능한 스마트 어플리케이션으로 구성되어 있다. 데이터 공급시스템은 브류투스 비콘 기반의 Pairing/non-pairing 데이터 전송모듈과 일체형 하드웨어로 되어있다. 스마트 어플리케이션은 설치된 비콘 중심으로 사용자의 실내위치정보를 제공하는 모듈, 주변정보(교통, 숙박 쇼핑, 관광지 등)를 제공하는 기능 그리고 관광지 정보수집 서버구축과 내부 가이드 어플리케이션으로 구성되어 있다. BBTS는 Beacon 기술을 활용하기 때문에 관광객이 요구하는 실내 관광서비스가 가능하며 실외관광 정보는 비콘에서 수신 받는 정보를 APK 파일로 스마트폰에 다운받아 서비스를 제공받을 수 있도록 개발되어 스마트관광 서비스 산업에 큰 파급효과를 불러일으킬 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.