• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.81-89
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• 2010

The photovoltaic industry is one of the main research areas for regenerable energy usage and green growth policy of the Korean government. R&D programs of MEST(Ministry of Education, Science and Technology) and MKE(Ministry of Knowledge Economy) are concentrating on the development of fundamental and applicable technology which can be carried out by a so-called "Big company" consortium. So it is essential to discover and support R&D projects for small and medium enterprises(SMEs) in the photovoltaic industry. R&D projects should be funded effectively to enhance the competitiveness of the SMEs. It is a complicated process as to decide what R&D projects or key element technologies should be selected and how to support them. In this paper, the supply chain analysis is adopted as a critical tool for selecting the research areas and topics for the SMEs, which can be done by analyzing the number of the SMEs, the level of imports and the localization possibility for each supply chain element. We define the strategic products for the SMEs to deduct core technologies for each strategic product. R&D projects definition sheets are proposed for each core technology. All the decision making processes are authorized by a committee which consists of experts for academia, industries and the research field. The efficacy of the proposed framework is described throughout the photovoltaic industry.

• Reproductive and Developmental Biology
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.237-241
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• 2012

Embryonic genome activation (EGA) is the first major transition that occurs after fertilization, and entails a dramatic reprogramming of gene expression that is essential for continued development. Although it has been suggested that EGA in porcine embryos starts at the four-cell stage, recent evidence indicates that EGA may commence even earlier; however, the molecular details of EGA remain incompletely understood. The RNA polymerase II of eukaryotes transcribes mRNAs and most small nuclear RNAs. The largest subunit of RNA polymerase II can become phosphorylated in the C-terminal domain. The unphosphorylated form of the RNA polymerase II largest subunit C-terminal domain (IIa) plays a role in initiation of transcription, and the phosphorylated form (IIo) is required for transcriptional elongation and mRNA splicing. In the present study, we explored the nuclear translocation, nuclear localization, and phosphorylation dynamics of the RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain in immature pig oocytes, mature oocytes, two-, four-, and eight-cell embryos, and the morula and blastocyst. To this end, we used antibodies specific for the IIa and IIo forms of RNA polymerase II to stain the proteins. Unphosphorylated RNA polymerase II stained strongly in the nuclei of germinal vesicle oocytes, whereas the phosphorylated form of the enzyme was confined to the chromatin of prophase I oocytes. After fertilization, both unphosphorylated and phosphorylated RNA polymerase II began to accumulate in the nuclei of early stage one-cell embryos, and this pattern was maintained through to the blastocyst stage. The results suggest that both porcine oocytes and early embryos are transcriptionally competent, and that transcription of embryonic genes during the first three cell cycles parallels expression of phosphorylated RNA polymerase II.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.131.2-131.2
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• 2010

SOFC 발전 시스템은 친환경 고효율 에너지 발전 미래 에너지기술로서 개발의 초점이 되고 있다. SOFC는 연료전지 발전 기술 중 최고효율과 최장 수명을 가지며 유일하게 기존 발전기술과 가격 경쟁이 가능한 것으로 알려지고 있다. 현재 분산 발전용으로 개발이 진행되고 있으며 향후 중앙발전, 휴대용, 가정용 및 수송용 등으로 그 시장이 확대될 것으로 예상된다. 분산 발전 SOFC 개발을 위해서는 시스템 Scale-up이 기술 확보가 관건이며 특히 스택 제조 비용의 2/3 이상을 차지하는 대면적 단전지 제조 공정 기술 개발이 필요하다. 단전지 대면적화는 원가 절감 및 성능 개선을 기대할 수 있게 하므로 분산 발전 SOFC 상용화를 위한 핵심 기술이라 할 수 있다. 그러나 기존의 국내 SOFC 연구는 시스템이나 소형 단전지 위주로 진행되어 왔으며 대면적 단전지 제조를 위한 핵심 공정 기술에 대한 연구는 취약한 상황이다. 또한 랩스케일의 소규모 연구를 뛰어넘는 양산 기술 개발에 대한 연구는 전무한 실정이다. 또한 재료 및 공정 적합성을 요구하는 대면적 SOFC 단전지의 양산 기술 개발을 위해서는 원료 분말 및 기초소재의 국산화를 통한 제조 공정 윈도우를 확대하여 제조 수율을 향상하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 그동안 포스코파워(주)에서 대면적 SOFC 단전지 양산 기술 개발을 위해 추진 중인 $400cm^2$급 대면적 SOFC 단전지의 제조 및 성능에 대한 연구 결과를 발표하고자 한다. 또한 대형 단전지 제조 공정의 재현성, 상용화 수준의 성능, 내구성 및 경제성 확보를 위한 공정 개선을 위한 포스코파워(주)의 연구 현황 및 양산 기술 확보를 위한 제조 윈도우 확보 전략에 대해 발표하고자 한다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.451-455
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• 2017

Echinostoma cinetorchis is an oriental intestinal fluke causing significant pathological damage to the small intestine. The aim of this study was to determine a full-length cDNA sequence of E. cinetorchis endoribonuclease (RNase H; EcRNH) and to elucidate its molecular biological characters. EcRNH consisted of 308 amino acids and showed low similarity to endoribonucleases of other parasites (<40%). EcRNH had an active site centered on a putative DDEED motif instead of DEDD conserved in other species. A recombinant EcRNH produced as a soluble form in Escherichia coli showed enzymatic activity to cleave the 3'-O-P bond of RNA in a DNA-RNA duplex, producing 3'-hydroxyl and 5'-phosphate. These findings may contribute to develop antisense oligonucleotides which could damage echinostomes and other flukes.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2015.08a
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• pp.158-158
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• 2015

Myoblast are myogenic precursors that proliferate, activate, and differentiate on muscle injury to sustain the regenerative capacity of skeletal muscle; The neuronal isoform of nitric oxide synthase (nNOS, termed also NOS-I) is expressed in normal adult skeletal muscle, suggesting important functions for Nitric oxide (NO) in muscle biology1,2,3. However, the expression and subcellular localization of NO in muscle development and myoblast differentiation are largely unknown. In this study, we examined effects of the nitric oxide generated by a microwave plasma torch, on proliferation/differentiation of rat myoblastic L6 cells. Experimental data pertaining to nitric oxide production are presented in terms of the oxygen input in units of cubic centimetres per minute. The various levels of nitric oxide are observed depending on the flow rate of nitrogen gas, the ratio of oxygen gas, and the microwave power4. In order to evaluate the potential of nitric oxide as an activator of cell differentiation, we applied nitric oxide generated from the microwave plasma torch to L6 skeletal muscles. Differentiation of L6 cells into myotubes was significantly enhanced the differentiation after nitric oxide treatment. Nitric oxide treatment also increase the expression of myogenesis marker proteins and mRNA level, such as myogenin and myosin heavy chain (MHC), as well as cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), However during the myotube differentiation we found that NO activate oxidative stress signaling erks expression. Therefore, these results establish a role of NO and cGMP in regulating myoblast differentiation and elucidate their mechanism of action, providing a direct link with oxidative stress signalling, which is a key player in myogenesis. Based on these findings, nitric oxide generated by plasma can be used as a possible activator of cell differentiation and tissue regeneration.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.327-333
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• 2017

Gonadotropins are heterodimers consisting an alpha chain ($Cg{\alpha}$) and a beta chain. Interestingly, presence of complicated $LH-{\beta}$ transcripts in rat testis was accidently found; testicular $LH-{\beta}$ transcripts were confined in seminiferous tubules to spermatids, and the translated products were localized in the elongated spermatids. We hypothesized that mouse testis has potential to produce the tissue specific $LH-{\beta}$ with similar structure to the rat testicular forms. To verify our hypothesis, we examined the adult mouse (ICR) testis using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The PCR revealed the presence of the identical products in the reactions for three LH subunit types. The expected product sizes for mouse $Cg{\alpha}$ and $LH-{\beta}$ known as pituitary type were 224 bp and 503 bp, respectively. The testicular type $LH-{\beta}$ products were produced by a primer set based on the rat sequences, with unexpected size of 800 bp. Sequencing revealed that the proximal and distal parts (2-82 and 661- 773 bp, respectively) were homologous to rat testicular $LH-{\beta}$ cDNA, and middle part (83-660 bp) was a unique mouse-specific region. Both $Cg{\alpha}$ and $LH-{\beta}$ positive signals were in the round and elongated spermatids and mature sperms, and the $LH-{\beta}$ signals were more intense. In conclusion, our study demonstrated that the presence and localization of the LH subunits in mouse testis. Further studies will be needed to understand the precise structure and function of mouse testicular LH.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.2147-2158
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• 2006

The continuous wavelet transform (CWT) has a frequency-adaptive time-frequency tiling property, which makes it popular for the analysis of dispersive elastic wave signals. However, because the time-frequency tiling of CWT is not signal-dependent, it still has some limitations in the analysis of elastic waves with spectral components that are dispersed rapidly in time. The objective of this paper is to introduce an advanced time-frequency analysis method, called the dispersion-based continuous wavelet transform (D-CWT) whose time-frequency tiling is adaptively varied according to the dispersion relation of the waves to be analyzed. In the D-CWT method, time-frequency tiling can have frequency-adaptive characteristics like CWT and adaptively rotate in the time-frequency plane depending on the local wave dispersion. Therefore, D-CWT provides higher time-frequency localization than the conventional CWT. In this work, D-CWT method is applied to the analysis of dispersive elastic waves measured in waveguide experiments and an efficient procedure to extract information on the dispersion relation hidden in a wave signal is presented. In addition, the ridge property of the present transform is investigated theoretically to show its effectiveness in analyzing highly time-varying signals. Numerical simulations and experimental results are presented to show the effectiveness of the present method.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.455-465
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• 2001

Glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) is one of the intermediate filaments, and used as an astrocyte detection marker. GFAP distribution has been studied on the fetal, neonatal and aged brains. In this study, the GFAP immunoreactive cell localization and distribution in the fetal (30, 45, 60, 90, 105 and 120 days of gestation) and neonate spinal cords of Korean native goat were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Nonpolar radial glial cells initiated to appear at 45 days of gestation. GFAP-immunoreactive processes were extended from central canal to pia matter. Bipolar immumoreactive cells were transformed to monopolar and multipolar immunoreactive cells at 45 days of gestation. Multipolar astrocytes of 60 days of gestation were found within white and gray matters of spinal cord. The number of GFAP-immunoreactive cells were gradually decreased from 90 days of gestation until newborn neonate. The intensity of GFAP immunoreactivity was gradually decreased from 95 days of gestation until newborn neonate. These results suggest that the radial glial cells within the gray and white matters of spinal cord are very fast developed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.742-745
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• 2004

If a personal robot is popularized like a personal computer in the future, many kinds of robots will appear and the number of manufacturers will increase as a matter of course. In such circumstances, it can be inefficient, in case each manufacturer makes a whole platform individually. The solutions for this problem are to modularize a robot component (hardware and software) functionally and to standardize each module. Each module is developed and sold by each special maker and a consumer purchases desired modules and integrates them. The standardization of a module includes the unification of electrical and mechanical interface. In this paper, the standard interfaces of modules are proposed and CMR(Component Modularized Robot)-P2 made with the modules(brain, sensor, mobile, arm) is introduced. In order to simplify and to make the modules light, a frame is used for supporting a robot and communication/power lines. The name of a method and the way to use that are defined dependently on the standard interfaces in order to use a module in other modules. Each module consists of a distributed object and that can be implemented in the random language and platform. The sensor, mobile and arm modules are developed on Pentium or ARM CPU and embedded Linux OS using the C programming language. The brain module is developed on Pentium CPU and Windows OS using the C, C++ and RPL(Robot Programming Language). Also tasks like pass planning, localization, moving, object perception and face perception are developed. In our test, modules got into gear and CMR-P2 executed various scenarios like guidance, errand and guarding completely.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.31-42
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• 2013

This paper proposes a photogrammetric rectification method based on Bayesian approach as a method that eliminates vertical parallax between stereo images to minimize visual fatigue of 3D contents. The image rectification consists of two phases; geometry estimation and epipolar transformation. For geometry estimation, coplanarity-based relative orientation algorithm was used in this paper. To ensure robustness for mismatch and localization error occurred by automation of tie point extraction, Bayesian approach was applied by introducing several prior constraints. As epipolar transformation perspective transformation was used based on condition of collinearity to minimize distortion of result images and modification for input images. Other algorithms were compared to evaluate performance. For geometry estimation, traditional relative orientation algorithm, 8-points algorithm and stereo calibration algorithm were employed. For epipolar transformation, Hartley algorithm and Bouguet algorithm were employed. The evaluation results showed that the proposed algorithm produced results with high accuracy, robustness about error sources and minimum image modification.