• Journal of the Korean Society for Advanced Composite Structures
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.52-62
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• 2015

This study aims at developing a new seismic resistant method by using precast concrete wall panels for existing low-rise, reinforced concrete beam-column buildings such as school buildings. Three quasi-static hysteresis loading tests were performed on one unreinforced beam-column specimen and two reinforced specimens with U-type precast wall panels. Top shear connection of the PC panel was required to show the composite strength of RC column and PC wall panel. However, the strength of the connection did not influence directly on the ultimate loading capacities of the specimens in the positive loading because the loaded RC column push the side of PC wall panel and it moved horizontally before the shear connector receive the concentrated shear force in the positive loading process. Under the positive loading sequence(push loading), the reinforced concrete column and PC panel showed flexural strength which is larger than 97% of the composite section because of the rigid binding at the top of precast panel. Similar load-deformation relationship and ultimated horizontal load capacities were shown in the test of PR1-LA and PR1-LP specimens because they have same section dimension and detail at the flexural critical section. An average of 4.7 times increase in the positive maximum loading(average 967kN) and 2.7 times increase in the negative maximum loading(average 592.5kN) had resulted from the test of seismic resistant specimens with anchored and welded steel plate connections than that of unreinforced beam-column specimen. The maximum drift ratios were also shown between 1.0% and 1.4%.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.271-275
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• 2014

A New Single Phase Active Power Filter Controller is proposed using Rotating Synchronous Frame d-q transformation. Instantaneous Active Power is calculated using d-q transformation. Average Value of Instantaneous Active Power is obtained using Low Pass Filter. Because power factor is corrected, source current is in phase with source voltage. Amplitude of source current is calculated using single phase power formula. Reference signal of compensated current of Active power filter is obtained from source current reference signal minus load current. Simulation is performed using hysteresis current controller in proposed new controller. Simulation result shows that because active power filter compensates load current, source current is in phase with source voltage and source current is sinusoidal. And Hilbert transformer is builded using all pass filter.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.16 no.5 s.72
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• pp.599-607
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• 2004

As buildings become more high-rise and lightweight in recent years, steel has been utilized more frequently. Based on the American AISC standard, all axial loads could be carried through a bearing load in a column splice, but according to Korean codes, the bearing load has constrained the stress that could be carried by only 25% of all axial loads. Thus, new column splice methods that use metal touch have been examined. In this study, the stress path mechanism, as an intermediation parameter in the gap's magnitude, must be determined. Similarly, the behavioral aspect of the metal touch connection must be sought after comparing and analyzing the results of the test.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2014

Improving the earthquake resistance of buildings through seismic retrofitting using steel braces can result in brittle failure at the connection between the brace and the building, as well as buckling failure of the braces. In this study, a non-compression cross-bracing system using the Carbon Fiber Composite Cable (CFCC), which consists of CFCC bracing and bolt connection was proposed to replace the conventional steel bracing. This paper presented the seismic resistance of a reinforced concrete frame strengthened using CFCC X-bracing. Cyclic loading tests were carried out, and the maximum load carrying capacity and ductility were investigated, together with hysteresis of the lateral load-drift relations. Test results revealed that the CFCC X-bracing system installed RC frames enhanced markedly the strength capacity and no buckling failure of the bracing was observed.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.332-341
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• 2020

High-speed turbomachinery implements gas foil bearings (GFBs) due to their distinctive advantages, such as high efficiency, lesser part count, and lower weight. This paper provides the test results of the static structural stiffnesses and loss factors of bump-type foil thrust bearings with increasing preload and bearing deflection. The focus of the current work is to experimentally quantify variability in structural stiffnesses and loss factors among the four test thrust bearings with identical design values and material of the bump and top foil geometries using the same (open-source) fabrication method. A simple test setup, using a rigidly mounted non-rotating shaft and thrust disk, measures the bearing bump deflections with increasing static loads on the test bearing. The inner and outer diameters of the test bearings are 41 mm and 81 mm, respectively. The loss factor, best-representing energy dissipation in the test bearings, is estimated from the area inside the local hysteresis loop of the load versus the bearing deflection curve. The measurements show that structural stiffnesses and loss factors of the test bearings significantly rely on applied preloads and bearing deflections. Local structural stiffnesses of the test bearings increase with applied preloads but decrease with bearing deflections. Changes of loss factors are less sensitive to applied preloads and bearing deflections compared to those of structural stiffnesses. Up to 35% variability in static load structural stiffnesses is found between bearings, while up to 30% variability in loss factors is found between bearings.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.43 no.4
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• pp.469-476
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• 2023

Soil plasticity models for cyclic and dynamic loads are essential in non-linear numerical analysis of geotechnical structures. While a single yield surface model shows a linear behavior for cyclic loads, J₂-bounding surface plasticity model with zero elastic region can effectively simulate a nonlinearity of the ground response with the same material properties. The radius of the yield surface inside the boundary surface converged to 0 to make the elastic region disappear, and plastic hardening modulus and dilatancy define plastic strain increment. This paper presents the stress-strain incremental equation of the developed model, and derives plastic hardening modulus for the hyperbolic model. The comparative analyses of the triaxial compression test and the shallow foundation under the cyclic load can show stable numerical convergence, consistency with the theoretical solution, and hysteresis behavior. In addition, plastic hardening modulus for the modified hyperbolic function is presented, and a methodology to estimate model variables conforming 1D equivalent linear model is proposed for numerical modeling of the multi-dimensional behavior of the ground.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.793-804
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• 2023

In this study, cyclic loading tests were conducted to assess the seismic performance of cast-in-place (CIP) concrete-filled hollow core precast concrete columns (HPCC) constructed using steel ducts and rubber tubes. The outer shells of HPCC, with a hollow ratio of 47%, were fabricated using steel ducts and rubber tubes, respectively. Two combinations of shear studs & long threaded bars or cross-deformed bars & V-ties were employed to ensure the structural integrity of the old concrete (outer shell) and new CIP concrete. Up to a drift ratio of 3.8%, the hysteresis loop, yielding stiffness, dissipated energy, and equivalent damping ratio of the HPCC specimens were largely comparable to those of the solid columns. Besides the similarities in cyclic load-displacement responses, the strain history of the longitudinal bars and the transverse confinement of the three specimens also exhibited similar patterns. The measured maximum moment exceeded the predicted moment according to ACI 318 by more than 1.03 times. However, the load reduction of the HPCC specimen after reaching peak strength was marginally greater than that of the solid specimen. The energy dissipation and equivalent damping ratios of the HPCC specimens were 20% and 25% lower than those of the solid specimen, respectively. Taking into account the overall results, the structural behavior of HPCC specimens fabricated using steel ducts and rubber tubes is deemed comparable to that of solid columns. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the two combinations for securing structural integrity functioned as expected, and that rubber air-tubes can be effectively used to create well-shaped hollow sections.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.311-322
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• 2002

Presently, optical burst switching (OBS) technology is under study as a promising solution for the backbone of the optical Internet in the near future because OBS eliminates the optical buffer problem at the switching node with the help of no optical/electro/optical conversion and guarantees class of service without any buffering. To implement the OBS network, there are a lot of challenging issues to be solved. The edge router, burst offset time management, and burst assembly mechanism are critical issues. In addition, the core router needs data burst and control header packet scheduling, a protection and restoration mechanism, and a contention resolution scheme. In this paper, we focus on the burst assembly mechanism. We present a novel data burst generation algorithm that uses hysteresis characteristics in the queueing model for the ingress edge node in optical burst switching networks. Simulation with Poisson and self-similar traffic models shows that this algorithm adaptively changes the data burst size according to the offered load and offers high average data burst utilization with a lower timer operation. It also reduces the possibility of a continuous blocking problem in the bandwidth reservation request, limits the maximum queueing delay, and minimizes the required burst size by lifting up data burst utilization for bursty input IP traffic.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.156-162
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• 2013

For the development of high quality textiles, silk fabrics were dyed repeatedly with persimmon juice by padding mangle. We evaluated the mechanical properties and hand value by Kawabata Evaluation system for dyed silk fabrics. The results obtained from this study were as follows. With the increase of repeating padding times of dyeing, the linearity load-extension curves of the silk fabrics were increased; however, the tensile resilience of fabrics decreased. The hysteresis values of shear force were increased without significant change of shear stiffness. The coefficient of friction values were also decreased and geometrical roughness values were increased. The silk fabrics dyed with persimmon juice had shown the thickness and weight grow as the number of padding increases. The hand values of silk fabrics which were classified into 6 items in the Kawabata Evaluation System, were evaluated as repeating times of dyeing with persimmon juice. The hand values of Koshi(stiffness) and Hari(anti-drape stiffness) were increased, whereas Shinayakasa (flexibility with soft feeling) and Fukurami(fullness and softness) were decreased by dyeing with persimmon juice. However there was no significant change in hand values according to repeating padding times of dyeing.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.145-154
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• 2003

Occupant simulation models have been used to study trends or specific design changes in several typical crash situations. The ATB, Articulated Total Body, was developed and used to predict gross human body responses to vehicle crashes and pilot ejections. Since the ATB source code is open to public, the user can add their own defined modules and functions. The introduction of seat belts into cars significantly decreased the injury risk of passengers in frontal impacts. In this paper, a new seat belt model was developed and implemented into the ATB. For this purpose, a subroutine of the new seat belt was constructed. A force-deflection function was added to replace an existing function to consider energy absorption. The function includes hysteresis effects of the experiment data of the loading and unloading parts of the seat belt load-extension curve. Moreover, this belt model considers a slip between ellipsoid and belt segments. This paper attempted to validate the ATB program which includes the subroutine of new belt models comparing with the real car frontal crash experiments and MADYMO frontal models. The analysis focusses on the human movement and body accelerations.