• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제9권
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• pp.33-61
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• 1982

It is an established fact that the university library is an important element in the higher education system. To keep abreast with the changing social environment industrial development and explosive increase of knowledge, the university library must also find new a n.0, pproaches to better serve the users in the university community. Also, on the part of university faculty, instructional methods must be improved from text book oriented education toward assignment oriented education. To facilitate effective teaching, the role of university library and its efficient use has become more important and indispensable. The objective of this study was to review the literature, and to find out current practice among students and professional librarians on the library instruction in order to find ways to strengthen and improve it. A specially designed questionnaire was used to survey current status. Results of the survey are summarized as follows; (1) Most university students received some guidance on library utilization as part of their freshman orientation program. However, it is found that the elementary nature of the guidance program was insufficient for their subsequent actual attempt to use. Students are not familiar with library organization, search procedure, and they lack basic knowledge on library service available to them. (2) Problem areas related to library instruction are insufficient amount of time allocated for the guidance program, big size of orientation program, and lack of interest on the part of students, etc. It is therefore recommended that the above mentioned problem areas be overcome through cooperative and concerted efforts among faculty members, professional librarians, and the university administration by increasing library instruction hours, improving the contents of program in its scope and depth to be practically useful. To sum up, the lecture oriented education should be shifted toward library oriented education by improved instruction program on library use.

• 농촌계획
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.189-199
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• 2015

This study made use of 9 types of utilizing idle farmland deducted from existing research in order to examine cases by type of idle farmland, and selected representative cases by type after analyzing contents of 165 available newspaper articles. Selected Cases were assorted into agricultural use and nonagricultural use, and agricultural use are as followed. (1)Community Service/Farming type is the case of Gimhae city reported on 'Busan Ilbo', (2)High Income/Farming type is the case of cooperative unit of Geumjeong crude drug in Yeongam appeared in 'Newsis', and the case of Omija industry in Mungyeong reported on 'Hankyoreh', (3)Tourism/Landscape/Farming type is the case of rape flowers and buckwheat flowers in Gupo village reported on 'Asia News Agency', (4)Stock Raising/Farming type is the case of growing foraging crops published in 'The Daejeon Ilbo', (5)Weekend farm type is the case of utilizing idle farmlands and creating weekend farm reported on 'Mediawatch', (6)High income/Forest type is creating Mulberry cultivation areas in Hamyang-Gun published in 'Yonhap News', (7)Ecology/Landscape/Forest type is forestation project of idle land reported on 'Newsis', (8)Agricultural Experience Study type is the case of managing agricultural experience study center in Dosun elementary center published in 'Sisajeju' and the case of non-agricultural application case, (9)Ecological Environment type is the case of wetland restoration of idle farmland in Gochang. This study investigated and arranged detailed contents by the literature search and interview investigation according to investigating items such as utilizing area, main agent, purpose, utilizing item, utilizing content, etc. by case. With that, it deducted implications as well as case characteristics, and finally suggested political proposals through the case analysis.

• 한방비만학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.23-36
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• 2009

Objectives The purpose of this study is to research related to Taeeumjowui-Tang(Taiyintiaowei-tang) in oriental medicine. Methods "Taeeumjowui-Tang" was used as a search term. In order to see detail review, we classified all the searched study into type, method, purpose, item of evaluation, composition of herbal medication. Results We found out total twenty six studies. They were fifteen pieces of experimental studies, five clinical case studies, five case reports and one literature review according to type and method. There were fourteen thesis that experiments on efficacy and effect in the purpose of study. Only one thesis showed about stability and toxicity. There were eleven prescription of different composition and dosage. In the item of evaluation, serum biochemical analysis, cell study, body and organ weight, food consumption, body mass index, waist circumference, waist-hip circumference ratio, bioelectrical impedance analysis were used. Conclusion To improve more objective and continuous research in oriental medicine, it is needed unity about prescription and dosage, activation of clinical trial research and variation of research subject.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.457-476
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 목재의 열처리가공에 대하여, 문헌 연구를 통하여 이와 관련된 주요 이슈 및 기술 동향을 조사하였다. 산업적으로 이용되는 주요 열처리기술은 네덜란드의 Plato-process, 프랑스의 Retification process, 독일의 OHT-process, 및 핀란드의 Thermowood process 등이었다. 열처리 공정상의 주요 영향인자들은 대상 수종, 가열 온도, 시간, 열전달 매질(air, 증기, 진공, 질소, 오일 등)이며, 이들 인자들을 변수로 한 최적조건 탐색 등의 연구가 주류를 이룬다. 열처리 목재는 치수안정성 증가, 중량 및 강도 감소, 부후균에 대한 내후성 향상에 변이, 변색균 및 해충에 대해 불충분한 저항성 등의 특징을 가진다. 열처리 목재의 내후성 향상을 위해 각 수종에 적합한 열처리 공정과 처리조건 탐색의 필요성이 시사되었다. 지속가능한 환경보존 및 목재자원 절약을 위해 열처리 목재의 새로운 용도 개발 및 이용 확대 노력이 반드시 필요한 과제인 것으로 고찰되었다.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.233-240
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• 2020

This review aimed to compare the effectiveness of Korean medicine (KM) with Korean-Western integrative medicine (KWIM) at treating Bell's palsy. A literature search of several databases for relevant randomized controlled trials was performed. Six studies that compared KM with KWIM to treat Bell's palsy were included in this review. Acupuncture and steroids were the most commonly used treatments in KWIM. A comparison of the effectiveness of KW with KWIM did not produce consistent results. Both KM and KWIM were useful intreating Bell's palsy. KWIM was more effective than KM when the Western medicine was a steroid and was given in the early stages of treatment. However, these findings are limited due to the low quality and number of included studies. KM and KWIM are both effective in Bell's palsy, and KWIM is more effective than KM. However, more high-quality randomized controlled trials are required.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.46-56
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• 2016

Purpose: Purpose of this study was to identify major trends of action research from 2006 to 2013 and suggest directions for activating and advancing domestic action research in nursing. Methods: A review was made of 118 action research studies in hospital settings reported in international journals. Search from PubMed, Ovid, and CINHAL was done using analysis criteria developed by the researchers. General and methodological characteristics and focus on changing outcomes of action research were analyzed. Results: The major group of researchers belonged to colleges/universities (40.7%). Methods included use of qualitative methods (61.0%), research questions (24.6%), and use of theoretical models (35.6%). Prevalent data collection methods were interviews (20.2%), and 48.3% showed more than a 1-cycle process including spiral circulation structure. Focus of changing outcomes of the 56 papers including more than 1-cycle were practice (66.1%), environment (8.9%), client-nurse (7.1%). Conclusion: Trends in action research in nursing were identified providing necessary reasons to increase action research in nursing as follows: needs of various researchers including stakeholders as well as healthcare providers, various research designs including unconstrained reflection and writing, specific presentation of adapted theoretical models and action strategies, and quality assurance for validity and reliability of research processes and outcomes.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권18호
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• pp.8093-8100
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• 2016

Background: Genetic and environmental factors play important roles in pathogenesis of digestive tract cancers like those in the esophagus, stomach and colorectum. Folate deficiency and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) as an important enzyme of folate and methionine metabolism are considered crucial for DNA synthesis and methylation. MTHFR variants may cause genomic hypomethylation, which may lead to the development of cancer, and MTHFR gene polymorphisms (especially C677T and A1298C) are known to influence predispositions for cancer development. Several case control association studies of MTHFR C677T polymorphisms and colorectal cancer (CRC) have been reported in different populations with contrasting results, possibly reflecting inadequate statistical power. Aim: The present meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the association between the C677T polymorphism and the risk of colorectal cancer. Materials and Methods: A literature search of the PubMed, Google Scholar, Springer link and Elsevier databases was carried out for potential relevant articles. Pooled odds ratio (OR) with corresponding 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) was calculated to assess the association of MTHFR C677T with the susceptibility to CRC. Cochran's Q statistic and the inconsistency index (I2) were used to check study heterogeneity. Egger's test and funnel plots were applied to assess publication bias. All statistical analyses were conducted by with MetaAnalyst and MIX version 1.7. Results: Thirty four case-control studies involving a total of 9,143 cases and 11,357 controls were retrieved according to the inclusion criteria. Overall, no significant association was found between the MTHFR C677T polymorphism and colorectal cancer in Asian populations (for T vs. C: OR=1.03; 95% CI= 0.92-1.5; p= 0.64; for TT vs CC: OR=0.88; 95%CI= 0.74-1.04; p= 0.04; for CT vs. CC: OR = 1.02; 95%CI= 0.93-1.12; p=0.59; for TT+ CT vs. CC: OR=1.07; 95%CI= 0.94-1.22; p=0.87). Conclusions: Evidence from the current meta-analysis indicated that the C677T polymorphism is not associated with CRC risk in Asian populations. Further investigations are needed to offer better insight into any role of this polymorphism in colorectal carcinogenesis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.4691-4698
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• 2015

Background: The tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) is an important negative regulator of cell-survival signaling. However, available results for the prognostic value of PTEN expression in patients with cancer remain controversial. Therefore, a meta-analysis of published studies investigating this issue was performed. Materials and Methods: A literature search via PubMed and EMBASE databases was conducted. Statistical analysis was performed by using the STATA 12.0 (STATA Corp., College, TX). Data from eligible studies were extracted and included into the meta-analysis using a random effects model. Results: A total of 3,810 patients from 27 studies were included in the meta-analysis, 22 investigating the relationship between PTEN expression and overall survival (OS) using univariate analysis, and nine with multivariate analysis. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) for OS was 1.64 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.32-2.05) by univariate analysis and 1.56 (95% CI: 1.20-2.03) by multivariate analysis. In addition, eight papers including two disease-free-survival analyses (DFSs), four relapse-free-survival analyses (RFSs), three progression-free-survival analyses (PFSs) and one metastasis-free-survival analysis (MFS) reported the effect of PTEN on survival. The results showed that loss of PTEN expression was significant correlated with poor prognosis, with a combined HR of 1.74 (95% CI: 1.24-2.44). Furthermore, in the stratified analysis by the year of publication, ethnicity, cancer type, method, cut-off value, median follow-up time and neoadjuvant therapy in which the study was conducted, we found that the ethnicity, cancer type, method, median follow-up time and neoadjuvant therapy are associated with prognosis. Conclusions: Our study shows that negative or loss of expression of PTEN is associated with worse prognosis in patients with cancer. However, adequately designed prospective studies need to be performed for confirmation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.441-447
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• 2013

Background: Prior studies examining the relation between diabetes mellitus (DM) and prostate cancer risk have reported controversial findings. We examined this association by conducting a detailed meta-analysis of the peer-reviewed literature. Methods: A comprehensive search for articles of MEDLINE and EMBASE databases and bibliographies of retrieved articles published up to November, 2012 was performed. Methodological quality assessment of the trials was based on the Newcastle-Ottawa Scaleq and the meta-analysis was performed using STATA 12.0. Dose-response regression was conducted with SPSS 19.0. Results: We included 29 studies in the meta-analysis (13 case-control studies, 16 cohort studies), and found an inverse association between DM and prostate cancer (relative risk (RR) 0.84, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.78-0.91). An inverse association was also observed in non-Asian populations (RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.76-0.87) and population-based studies (RR 0.80, 95% CI 0.77-0.91). No statistical significance was found of the association between prostate cancer risk and the duration of DM (p=0.338), and risk seemed not related with the age of DM diagnosis. Conclusions: This study suggested an inverse relationship between DM and prostate cancer, but without links to duration of disease or age of diagnosis.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.275-279
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• 2013

Objectives: A number of studies have shown that chronic hepatitis B virus infection is implicated in susceptibility to pancreatic cancer. However, the results are still controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to quantitatively assess the relationship between chronic hepatitis B virus infection and incidence of pancreatic cancer of cohort and case-control studies. Methods: A literature search was performed for entries from 1990 to 2012 using PUBMED and EMBASE. Studies were included if they reported odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% CIs of pancreatic cancer with respect to the infection of hepatitis B virus. Results: Eight studies met the inclusion criteria, which included five case-control studies and three cohort studies. Compared with individuals who have not infection of hepatitis B virus, the pooled OR of pancreatic cancer was 1.403 (95%CI: 1.139-1.729, P=0.001) for patients with hepatitis B virus infection. Sub-group analysis by study design showed that the summary OR was 1.43 (95%CI: 1.06-1.94, P=0.021) when pooling case-control studies and 1.31 (95%CI: 1.00-1.72, P=0.05) when pooling cohort studies. Conclusion: Findings from this meta-analysis suggest that chronic hepatitis B virus infection may increase the risk of pancreatic cancer. This relationship needs to be confirmed by further follow-up studies.