• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 1995

Chlorhexidine and Listerine are widely used in dentistry due to its effectiveness on plaque control and bactericidal action. The effects of these agent on chronic gingivitis and wound healing following surgical periodontal therapy in human has been favorable. Understanding the effects of chlorhexidine and Listerine on human gingival fibroblast will provide the rationale for its use during the healing process of periodontal surgery. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of chlorhexidine and Listerine on human gingival fibroblast. Human gingival fibroblasts were cultured from the healthy gingiva on the extracted premolar of orthodontic patients. Human gingival fibroblast were trypsinized and cultured in growth medium added range of 0.0012-0.12% chlorhexidine and 1-100% Listerine mouth wash solution. The cell used in this study were between fifth to eighth passage number. The cell morphology were examined by inverted microscope and the cell activity were measured by MIT assay. The Morphology of gingival fibroblast added Chlorhexidine and Listerine at the concentration of all range were became globular and lost their cytoplasmic process. Our results indicate that a 0.0012 concentration of chlorhexidine and 1% concentration of Listerine were shows minimal cytotoxicity, but above these concentraion, there was a significant difference between the cell activity in the experimental group and control group(p

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.397-404
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• 2011

최근 구강관리에 대한 관심이 증가하면서 시판되고 있는 구강양치용액의 종류도 다양해지고 있고 휴대가 간편하여 쉬운 사용방법으로 활용이 급진적으로 증가하고 있다. 본 연구에서는 시판 중인 구강양치용액의 pH를 측정하여 고유 산도가 법랑질 표면의 색조변화, 미세경도, 미세구조 변화, 거칠기 측정 등에 관한 실험방법을 통하여 구강양치용액의 효과를 평가하였다. 1. 색조변화는 Nextcare와 Listerine에서 light-dark를 나타내는 $L^*$값은 0에 가깝게 어두워졌으며 yellow-blue를 나타내는 $b^*$값은 초기값과 비교하여 채도가 낮아졌다. 특히 Listerine에서 ${\Delta}L^*$, ${\Delta}b^*$ 각각 -6.70, -7.20으로 가장 큰 변화를 보였다. 2. 표면경도 측정에서는 Nextcare와 Listerine에서 모두 통계적으로 유의한 감소를 보였다(p<0.05). 또한 표면의 형상과 거칠기에서도 Nextcare와 Listerine에서 다른 실험군과 비교하여 법랑질 표면의 붕괴 및 침식양상과 함께 거칠기가 매우 높아졌음을 알 수 있었다. 결론적으로, 현재 시판 중인 구강양치용액의 pH를 측정하여 고유 산도가 치아 경조직에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아본 결과, 산성의 pH를 가진 구강양치용액을 장기간 사용시 치면 착색 및 법랑질 표면의 영향을 줄 수 있으므로 적절한 사용법을 숙지하여 단기간 사용하는 것이 안전할 것으로 사료된다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.351-360
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• 2023

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the tooth whitening effect of Listerine Healthy White and provide effective management of extrinsic discoloration by comparing the whitening effects of existing whitening products. Methods: The included study four groups: those using whitening gel, whitening toothpaste, and Listerine Healthy White and a control using artificial saliva. Each group received 40 bovine tooth specimens, which were stained with commonly consumed tooth-coloring-inducing foods; black tea, black coffee, and instant noodles for 72 hours. The specimens were treated with tooth whitening materials for 5 weeks, after which the lightness (L^*) was measured weekly using a spectrophotometer. Results: There was a significant difference in lightness among the groups between the 1st and 5th week of treatment for all tooth-coloring-inducing foods (p<0.05). When comparing the changes in lightness values from before whitening to the 5th week of whitening for all tooth-coloring-inducing foods, the order of change was as follows: whitening gel, whitening toothpaste, Listerine Healthy White, and artificial saliva. Listerine Healthy White showed a significant whitening effect for all tooth-coloring-inducing foods (p<0.05). Particularly, changes in lightness values for specimens stained by black tea after 5 weeks of whitening were in the following order: whitening gel (21.72), whitening toothpaste (14.89), Listerine Healthy White (12.91), and artificial saliva (3.85). For specimens stained by black coffee, the changes in lightness values were in the following order: whitening gel (12.99), whitening toothpaste (9.66), Listerine Healthy White (7.91), and artificial saliva (3.12). Lastly, changes in lightness values for specimens stained by instant noodles were as follows: whitening gel (10.84), whitening toothpaste (9.85), Listerine Healthy White (7.71), and artificial saliva (2.61). Conclusion: Listerine Healthy White exhibits continuous whitening effects over time, and for consumers seeking convenient ways to achieve tooth whitening effects at home, consistent use of Listerine Healthy White is recommended.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.500-507
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• 2009

본 연구는 여러 가지 근관세척액(NaOCl, CHX, EDTA)과 구강세정제로 사용되는 $Listerine^{(R)}$을 근관감염균주인 Porphyromonas gingivalis와 Enterococcus faecalis를 상대로 항균효과를 비교하고 $Listerine^{(R)}$이 근관세척액으로 사용가능한지를 확인하고자 시행하였다. 본 연구에서는 Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 3327과 Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212의 표준균주를 사용하였다. 실험을 위한 근관세척제로 0.1%, 0.2%, 1%, 2% Chlorhexidine(CHX)과 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%, 5.25% NaOCl, 0.5M EDTA(18.6% EDTA). 그리고 $Listerine^{(R)}$원액을 이용하였다. 항균효과의 비교는 액체배지상에서 균주의 혼탁도와 한천 확산법을 이용한 억제대 비교로 하였다. 모든 실험군은 대조군과 비교시 근관내 균주에 항균성을 나타냈다(p < 0.001). 모든 농도의 NaOCl, CHX, 그리고 EDTA는 실험균주에서 높은 항균성을 보였다. 모든 실험에서 $Listerine^{(R)}$은 다른 근관세척제에 비해 낮은 항균성을 보였다. 결론적으로, $Listerine^{(R)}$이 E. faecalis와 P. gingivalis에 대해 항균성을 보이나, 일반적으로 사용되는 근관세척 액에 비해서는 현저히 낮은 항균성을 나타냄으로 근관세척 액으로 사용은 적합하지 않음을 나타냈다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.406-420
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of Chlorhexidine, Listerine and hypertonic saline mouthrinse without periodontal pack during 2 weeks following periodontal surgery. Twelve patients were treated with modified Widman flap procedures. Each fourth patients assigned to chlorhexidine mouthrinse group, Listerine mouthrinse group and control group. Each group wasn't significant difference in clinical and microbiologic parameters at preoperation. Examination regarding plaque index, gingival index, pocket depth, change of gingival color postsurgically, pain index and contrast phase microscope were performed. Evaluations were made at the first, the second and the fourth weeks postsurgically. The results were as follows: 1. Chlorhexidine mouthrinse group and Listerine mouthrinse group were significantly different in plaque index at the first, the second and the fourth weeks 2. The pocket depth of three groups were significantly reduced at the fourth weeks. 3. Chlorhexidine mouthrinse group and Listerine mouthrinse group were significantly different in change of gingival color at the first week. 4. Cocci and non-motile rods were increased at the first and the second weeks. But, motile rods and spirochete were increased at the fourth weeks.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.149-154
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• 2014

Purpose: This study assessed the effectiveness of three antimicrobial mouthrinses in reducing microbial growth on photostimulable phosphor (PSP) plates. Materials and Methods: Prior to performing a full-mouth radiographic survey (FMX), subjects were asked to rinse with one of the three test rinses ($Listerine^{(R)}$, $Decapinol^{(R)}$, or chlorhexidine oral rinse 0.12%) or to refrain from rinsing. Four PSP plates were sampled from each FMX through collection into sterile containers upon exiting the scanner. Flame-sterilized forceps were used to transfer the PSP plates onto blood agar plates (5% sheep blood agar). The blood agar plates were incubated at $37^{\circ}C$ for up to 72 h. An environmental control blood agar plate was incubated with each batch. Additionally, for control, 25 gas-sterilized PSP plates were plated onto blood agar and analyzed. Results: The mean number of bacterial colonies per plate was the lowest in the chlorhexidine group, followed by the Decapinol, Listerine, and the no rinse negative control groups. Only the chlorhexidine and Listerine groups were significantly different (p=0.005). No growth was observed for the 25 gas-sterilized control plates or the environmental control blood agar plates. Conclusion: The mean number of bacterial colonies was the lowest in the chlorhexidine group, followed by the Decapinol, Listerine, and the no rinse groups. Nonetheless, a statistically significant difference was found only in the case of Listerine. Additional research is needed to test whether a higher concentration (0.2%) or longer exposure period (two consecutive 30 s rinse periods) would be helpful in reducing PSP plate contamination further with chlorhexidine.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.164.2-164.2
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• 1990

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.631-646
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to access the clinical effects of C31G, Listerine and CPC on the earlyx periodontitis when they were used as a adjunctives to the mechanical plaque control. Each groups were composed of 12 patients and in three test groups, C31G(Exp 1 group), Listerine(Exp 2 group) and CPC mouthrinse(Exp 3 group) were used three times a day. and as a control, placebo solution was used. Plaque index, gingival index, bleeding index, pocket depth and loss of attachment were measured as clinical parameters. After scaling and oral hygiene instruction, root planing is done two weeks later. During the eight weeks of experimental period, mouth gargling is done by all groups. The changes in the clinical parameters of the all sites were monitored every two weeks. The results were as follows : 1. The plaque index showed a siginificant difference in Exp 1 group compared with test 2 group after 2 weeks use of mouth rinse(P<0.05). 2. The gingival index showed a significant difference in Exp 1 group compared with baseline value(P<0.05) but there was no significant difference between the groups after 2 weeks use of mouthrinse (P<0.05). 3. The plaque index, gingival index and bleeding index showed a significant difference in all groups compared with baseline value after 4 weeks of root planing and mouthrinse use(P<0.05). but there was no significant difference between the groups(P<0.05). 4. Periodontal pocket depth showed a significant difference in all groups compared with baseline value after 4 weeks of root planing and mouthrinse use(P<0.05). and there was significant difference between the Exp 1 group and control group(P<0.05). 5. Loss of attachment showed a significant difference in all Exp groups compared with baseline value after 4 weeks of root planing and mouthrinse use(P<0.05). and there was significant difference between the Exp 1 group and control group(P<0.05). The results suggest that C31G, Listerine and CPC were effective for early periodontitis as a adjunctive to mechanical plaqe control.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.100-106
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• 2021

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study is to compare the antibacterial activity of currently purchasable denture cleansers against Candida albicans. Materials and methods: This study used tablet-type denture cleansers, PolidentⓇ, CoolingdentⓇ and FittydentⓇ, along with liquid denture cleansers, HexamedineⓇ, ListerineⓇ and Apple vinegarⓇ. The antibacterial activities of denture cleansers were evaluated based on the number of C. albicans and concentrations of the denture cleansers. Results. In the 0.5 × 106 cfu/㎖ culture medium, the C. albicans' death rate of PolidentⓇ was significantly lower than those of FittydentⓇ, HexamedineⓇ, ListerineⓇ, and Apple vinegarⓇ(P<.05). In the 0.5 × 107 cfu/, the C. albicans' death rates of PolidentⓇ and CoolingdentⓇ were significantly lower than those of FittydentⓇ, HexamedineⓇ, ListerineⓇ and Apple vinegarⓇ(P<.05). The C. albicans' death rates of PolidentⓇ and CoolingdentⓇ were significantly decreased at 0.02 g and 0.01 g. The C. albicans' death rate of FittydentⓇ was significantly decreased at 0.005 g (P<.05). The C. albicans' death rate of HexamedineⓇ was significantly decreased at 1/16 dilution. The C. albicans' death rate of ListerineⓇ was decreased at 1/8 dilution, and the antibacterial activity of Apple vinegarⓇ was decreased at 1/4 dilution (P<.05). Conclusion. As the number of C. albicans increased, the antibacterial activities of the denture cleansers decrease. In the tablet-type denture cleanser, all denture cleansers showed 100% C. albicans' death rate when used at a dose of 1 tablet. One denture cleanser showed the same antibacterial effect with only 1/3 of a tablet. In the liquid type denture cleanser, the level of dilution required was different for each denture cleanser.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.434-439
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• 2013

본 연구는 시중에서 널리 사용되고 있는 구강양치액(Listerine, Hexamedin)을 선정하여 치면세균막의 제거 효과를 평가하기 위하여 20명의 실험참가자를 대상으로 반복적으로 동일한 대상자에게 적용하는 교차연구모형으로 구성하여 실험을 진행하였다. 치면세균막 측정은 최근에 주목받고 있는 QLF-D를 이용하여 치면세균막 제거효과를 정량적으로 평가하여 다음과 같은 결론을 도출하였다. 1. 이종의 구강양치액 모두 치면세균막이 감소하는 경향을 보였다. Listerine의 ${\Delta}R30$값과 ${\Delta}R70$값은 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였으며(p<0.05), Hexamedin는 경우에서는 SPS와 ${\Delta}R30$값은 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 2. 측정결과를 종합한 결과 Hexamedin이 Listerine보다 치면세균막 제거 효과는 더 큰 폭으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 구강양치액은 효과적인 치면세균막 조절 제재로 효과적임을 확인하였으며, QLF-D를 이용하여 치면세균막의 제거효과를 평가하는 새로운 방법이 시도되었다. 추후에 임상적용 시 유용한 치면세균막의 평가 도구로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.