• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.516-521
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• 2005

Drug delivery to the lymphatic system may be important in terms of the treatment with lymphatic involvement, such as tumor metastases and immunization. Especially, drug transport via the intestinal lymphatics after oral administration has been attracted lots of interests. The purpose of this study was to prepare cyclosporin A (CSA)-loaded liposomes, with different characteristics, and evaluate their mucoadhesivity. Three liposome preparations were formulated: cationic stearylamine liposomes (SA-Lip), anionic phosphatidylserine liposomes (PS-Lip), Polymer (chitosan)-coated liposomes (CS-Lip), and characterized. The liposome preparations were found to be spherical in shape, with PS-Lip being the smallest. The liposome preparations exhibited entrapment efficiencies in the order: PS-Lip $(52.5{\pm}2.9%)$ > SA-Lip $(48.8{\pm}3.3%)$ > CS-Lip $(41.7{\pm}4.2%)$. Finally, mucoadhesive tests were carried out using rat intestine, with SA-Lip (67%) showing the best adhesive rate of the three preparations (PS-Lip: 56%, CS-Lip: 61%). These results suggest that a positive charge on the surface of drug carriers may be an important factor for the intestinal drug delivery.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.385-388
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• 2005

In cleft lip and/or palate patients with the complex congenital heart diseases, surgical repair of the cleft lip and/or palate has been postponed after the open heart surgery because the heart problem of the patient might cause more complications associated with anesthesia and surgery. There has been little report about experiences in the surgical management of these patients and optimal time of surgical intervention. Authors are introducing the experiences of performing corrective surgery of cleft lip and/or palate in the patients with congenital heart diseases before and after the open heart surgery. We managed five patients from May 1992 to March 2004. Two patients were male and the rest were female. One of them had cleft lip alone and others had cleft lip and palate. Two of them underwent delayed cleft lip and/or palate surgery after open heart surgery, and the rest had immediate intervention for cleft lip and/or palate. There was no complication during the operation and postoperative period. There would be no need to delay the corrective surgery of the cleft lip and/or palate after the open heart surgery, if solid medical team approach was available with the pediatric cardiologist and the anesthesiologist.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.1000-1007
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• 2003

In this paper, we propose an efficient method for locating lip. The lip shape is represented as a set of points based on Point Distribution Model. We use the Isodata clustering algorithm to find clusters for all training data. For each cluster, a lip shape model is calculated using principle component analysis. For all training data, a lip boundary model is calculated based on the pixel values around the lip boundary. To decide whether a recognition result is correct, we use a cost function based on the lip boundary model. Because of using different models according to the lip shapes, our method can localize correctly the flu far from the mean shape. The experiments have been performed for many images, and show correct recognition rate of 92%.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.263-266
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• 2020

Infantile hemangiomas have a growth phase and an involution phase. For this reason, serial observation has generally been recommended as the treatment for uncomplicated infantile hemangiomas. Recently, however, individualized approaches have been emphasized. Although cleft lip and infantile hemangioma are common congenital diseases, infantile hemangiomas on the cleft side (i.e., in the operative field of the cleft lip) are extremely rare, and no clear guidelines have been established for their treatment. We experienced a case in which a patient with a cleft lip had an infantile hemangioma on the cleft side. In accordance with general treatment guidelines, cleft repair was performed 3 months after birth. The Millard rotation-advancement technique, which involves the use of a lower small triangular flap, was used for the repair. No intraoperative complications, such as massive bleeding, or postoperative complications were noted. The patient has received regular follow-up for the past 18 years, and other than a reddish scar on the lower lip, he currently has no related issues. Therefore, this case demonstrates that cleft lip repair performed according to cleft lip treatment guidelines produces good outcomes, even in cases involving a hemangioma on the cleft side.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• v.41 no.2
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• pp.95-101
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• 2003

The lipase gene (lipA) and its activator gene (lipB) of Pseudomonas sp. SW-3 were cloned and sequenced. The lipB was found to be present immediately downstream of lipA. The deduced amino acid sequences of lipA and lipB showed a high level of homology to those of other lipases belonging to the family I.1 of bacterial lipases. When lipA was expressed in Escherichia coli using T7 promoter, an active lipase was produced in cells carrying both lipA and lipB, but not in cells harboring only lipA. Recombinant lipase (rPSL) overproduced in an insoluble form was solubilized in the presence of 8 M urea, purified in a urea-denatured form and refolded by removing urea in the presence of the Ca$\^$2+/ ion. rPLS had maximum activity at pH 8.0 and 50$^{\circ}C$, was stable at pHs from 7.0 to 9.0 and below 50$^{\circ}C$, and showed the highest activity toward the p-nitrophenyl ester of palmitate (Cl6).

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers D
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• v.54 no.8
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• pp.517-520
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• 2005

Cleft lip is a congenital deformity condition with separation of the two sides of the lip and results in nose deformity Evaluation of surgical corrections and outcome assessments in nose deformity resulting from the cleft lip depend mainly on doctor's objective judgment. Development of an objective assessment tool in evaluation of the condition and surgical outcome of cleft lip nose deformity patients will help in advancement and evaluation of surgical techniques of cleft lip. Hence, our study aimed at quantitative assessment of a cleft lip nose deformity condition by comparing following parameters gathered from a photographic image of a cleft lip patient: (1) angle difference between two nostril axis, (2) center of the nostril and distance between two centers, (3) overlapped area of two nostrils and (4) the overlapped area ratio of two nostrils. Assessment results of the nose deformity were determined by statistical analysis of evaluation results from three experienced plastic surgeons. In addition, regression model was developed using correlation relationship and factor analysis of parameters from results of the image analysis

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.185-188
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• 2000

The goals of lip reconstruction are to provide oral competence, adequate support for the lower lip, contour restoration, adequate lip sulcus, and adequate oral aperture. The composite radial forearm palmaris longus free flap is thin enough that it can be folded onto itself without a significant increase in bulk. The flap is easy to dissect, the pedicle contains long vessels of large diameter, and the skin is a good color and texture match for the perioral region. Moreover, the vascularized tendon can be used for lower lip reconstruction. This makes the flap ideally suited for total lower lip reconstruction. We experienced the case of total lower lip excision and reconstruction with the radial forearm free flap including palmaris longus tendon, so we reported that case with literature. The patient has a lower lip squamous carcinoma(T3NIM0), and performed a total lower lip excision with right modified radical neck dissection and left extended supraomohyoid neck dissection, and a reconstruction with radial forearm free flap includng palmaris longus tendon. The oral competence and masticatory function were nearly normalized and cosmetical result was very acceptable.

• Korean Journal of Cleft Lip And Palate
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2000

The purpose of this survey was to obtain an overall view of the status of cleft lip and palate management in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery(OMFS) in Korea. Korea Cleft lip and Palate Association conducted mailed survey which was composed of 29 questions conceming pre-operative and post-operative management in CLP surgery and completed by 58 training hospital. Of 58 questionnaires sent, 23 were returned(response rate of 40%). Authors compared this results with those of other similar surneys, which reveal much difference between OMFS and Plastic Surgery(PS) in CLP treatment. In OMFS, many surgeons were in favor of presugical orthopaedics than lip adhesion to manage protruded premaxilla. It reflects interdisciplinary team approach between OMFS and orthodontic department reduces the need of lip adhesion through presurgical orthopaedics. Timing of palatal surgery was later than that of PS, which reflects concern for an impediment of maxillaty growth. To our knowledge, this survey may be the first on organization and management for cleft patient in OMFS in Korea.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.403-410
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• 2004

Bimodal speech recognition systems have been proposed for enhancing recognition rate of ASR under noisy environments. Visual feature extraction is very important to develop these systems. To extract visual features, it is necessary to detect exact lip position. This paper proposed the method that detects a lip position using color similarity model and SVM. Face/Lip color distribution is teamed and the initial lip position is found by using that. The exact lip position is detected by scanning neighbor area with SVM. By experiments, it is shown that this method detects lip position exactly and fast.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.292-296
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• 2023

Generally, if the size of a lip cancer defect exceeds 30% of the lower lip, a local flap or free flap is recommended. However, defects up to 50% of the lower lip in size have been reconstructed successfully by primary closure without a local flap or free flap. In one case, an 80-year-old male farmer who had smoked for more than 50 years presented with squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip and underwent mass resection and supraomohyoid neck dissection. The defect accounted for almost 2/3 of the lower lip and was repaired by primary closure with V-shaped resection. Biopsy results confirmed pT2N0cM0 stage II disease with clear margins. In another case, a 68-year-old male also presented with squamous cell carcinoma of the lower lip and underwent mass resection. The defect accounted for about half the size of the lower lip but was repaired by primary closure with V-shaped resection. Both patients experienced no discomfort while eating or speaking and were satisfied with the cosmetic and functional outcomes with no evidence of recurrence. Thus, direct closure can be considered even in large lower lip cancers.