• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.346-358
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• 2009

Objectives: A study was conducted by analysing the contents and frequency of emergency treatment practiced by emergency medical technicians(EMTs) in emergency situations and contains related factors. Methods: The study subjects included 80 EMTs who participated in ongoing education classes during the period from June 25th to June 26th, 2008. the survey included 53 EMTs employed within 119 first aid teams in fire stations in both a metropolitan city and a medium-sized city. From the survey results relation between frequency of emergency treatment and subjects characteristics explored statistically including t-test, X2 test, Pearson correlation and finally stepwise multiple regression. Results: The most frequent procedure by EMTs checking vital signs. The statistically significant related factors overall of the 23 items of emergency treatment frequency was the working area and the grading of EMT certification. In contrast, significant related factors with frequency of IV linkage were found to be the subjects gender, institution employed and the importance of recognizing the item. The statistically significant related factors of that of ECG monitoring was the gender of respondents. Conclusions: To keep the appropriate frequency of emergency treatment by EMT, active efforts to promote their individual importance and confidence cognition are necessary, especially towards males and persons who have 2nd class certification. Moreover, EMTs who work in small cities must be supported.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.23-44
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• 2009

U-Services are inevitably essential for the realization of u-Cities. Most local governments in Korea have expressed much interest in introducing u-Cites and related u-Services. Since researchers anticipate that developing u-Cities will produce economic effects, the Korea government has support local governments to develop u-Cities and necessary u-Services. However, the technology issues have been dominiated in the field of U-City services and most of the U-City services do not reflects all the complicated and pluralistic sides of environment, which are caused by future uncertainties in developing u-Cites. For the purpose of addressing the above uncertainties, this paper attempts to develop the possible scenarios for U-City services through a scenario planning approach. A focus group interview and survey with professionals in the field of planning u-Cities was performed to identify these uncertainties. Then, in order to investigate the validity of the scenario planning methodology, the u-Service "u-Water purity monitoring" is adopted. After considering the relevant issues, we developed two possible scenarios: a mutual linkage service among u-Service related organization and a cooperating and coordinating service among local governments. On the basis of these scenarios, the strategies for potential U-City services are formulated. Various participants in developing U -City services are encouraged to use the scenarios as the foundation of predicting future features of u-Cities and developing the framework of the U-City service scenarios effectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.141-141
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• 2017

The ubiquitin-proteasome pathway is the major regulatory mechanism in a number of cellular processes for selective degradation of proteins and involves three steps: (1) ATP dependent activation of ubiquitin by E1 enzyme, (2) transfer of activated ubiquitin to E2 and (3) transfer of ubiquitin to the protein to be degraded by E3 complex. F-box proteins are subunit of SCF complex and involved in specificity for a target substrate to be degraded. F-box proteins regulate many important biological processes such as embryogenesis, floral development, plant growth and development, biotic and abiotic stress, hormonal responses and senescence. However, little is known about the F-box genes in wheat. The draft genome sequence of wheat (IWGSC Reference Sequence v1.0 assembly) used to analysis a genome-wide survey of the F-box gene family in wheat. The Hidden Markov Model (HMM) profiles of F-box (PF00646), F-box-like (PF12937), F-box-like 2 (PF13013), FBA (PF04300), FBA_1 (PF07734), FBA_2 (PF07735), FBA_3 (PF08268) and FBD (PF08387) domains were downloaded from Pfam database were searched against IWGSC Reference Sequence v1.0 assembly. RNA-seq paired-end libraries from different stages of wheat, such as stages of seedling, tillering, booting, day after flowering (DAF) 1, DAF 10, DAF 20, and DAF 30 were conducted and sequenced by Illumina HiSeq2000 for expression analysis of F-box protein genes. Basic analysis including Hisat, HTseq, DEseq, gene ontology analysis and KEGG mapping were conducted for differentially expressed gene analysis and their annotation mappings of DEGs from various stages. About 950 F-box domain proteins identified by Pfam were mapped to wheat reference genome sequence by blastX (e-value < 0.05). Among them, more than 140 putative F-box protein genes were selected by fold changes cut-offs of > 2, significance p-value < 0.01, and FDR<0.01. Expression profiling of selected F-box protein genes were shown by heatmap analysis, and average linkage and squared Euclidean distance of putative 144 F-box protein genes by expression patterns were calculated for clustering analysis. This work may provide valuable and basic information for further investigation of protein degradation mechanism by ubiquitin proteasome system using F-box proteins during wheat development stages.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.167-175
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• 2015

This study examined the linkage between uncertainty tolerance and attitude toward trying business start-up. Uncertainty tolerance can classify by degrees of uncertainty as risk and ambiguity. We examined the effects of risk tolerance and ambiguity tolerance on attitudes toward trying success and failure. And we also examined the effect of attitudes toward trying success and failure on business start-up trying. This study investigated these relationships using 173 under graduate students. The result of analysis indicated that the risk tolerance had positive effects on attitude toward trying failure, but it had not any effect on attitude toward success and process. The ambiguity tolerance has positive effects on attitude toward trying failure and trying process, but it had not any effect on attitude toward success. The attitudes toward trying success, trying failure, and trying process had positive effect on attitude toward business start-up trying. Then results of this study suggests that the uncertainty(risk and ambiguity) tolerance showed a role of antecedent of attitudes toward trying success and failure. Finally, this study concluded with a discussion of the implications of the research findings and directions for future research.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.337-342
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• 2014

This paper is aims to build the advancement structural model of GICOMS through identification of required system and improvement for implementation of e-Navigation. We derived nine improvement subject for model of advanced GICOMS through the analysis of problems for GICOMS and brainstorming with expert in the maritime safety. And we analyzed the structure of nine improvement subject using by FSM(Fuzzy Structural Modeling) method, and proposed a structural model that to grasp the correlation between elements. As a result, we found out that "advancement of GICOMS" is the final goal, and "improvement a system of information production", "improvement a scheme of information providing", "linkage between GICOMS and VTS" and "building global networks for safety cooperation" are located lowest level. Especially, "advancement of GICOMS" is influenced by "advancement function of VMS" and "Activation of usage" on middle level. We suggested that utilizing state-of-the-art IT facilities, equipment and expertise to improve and enhance the user-centered transition such as maritime workers for advancement of GICOMS based on proposed structure model.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.280-285
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• 2006

The current study was conducted to investigate the relationship between stress related gene and meat quality in pigs. A total number of 212 three-way cross bred (Landrace-$Yorkshire{\times}Duroc$) and 38 Duroc were sampled from the Korean pig industry to determine genotype frequency of porcine stress syndrome (PSS) and heat shock protein 70 kDa (HSP70) genes and their relationship with carcass traits and longissimus meat quality. Screen of HSP70 was performed by the single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) technique. Based on the analysis of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) in ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1) gene, genetic disorder of PSS was related to a mutation at $18,168^{th}$ (C to T) of exon 17. There was no significant difference in ultimate meat pH and backfat thickness between HSP70 K1-AA type and -BB type in pure Duroc breed. In Landrace-$Yorkshire{\times}Duroc$ (L-$Y{\times}D$) cross bred pig, our results indicated that HSP70 derivate type in Duroc had a limited effect on backfat thickness, but L-$Y{\times}D$ type had a noticeable linkage with HSP70 K1-AA and K3-AB. This tendency was also observed in hot carcass weight where HSP70 K1-AA and K3-AB resulted in heavier weight with 86.3 kg compared to HSP70 K1-AB and K3-BB of 74.3 kg. Results imply that stress related HSP70 genotype has a potential association with backfat thickness and carcass weight.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2011.05a
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• pp.185-185
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• 2011

Mapping of artificial levee lines, one of major tasks in river zone mapping, is critical to prevention of river flood, protection of environments and eco systems in river zones. Thus, mapping of artificial levee lines is essential for management and development of river zones. Coastal mapping including river zone mapping has been historically carried out using surveying technologies. Photogrammetry, one of the surveying technologies, is recently used technology for national river zone mapping in Korea. Airborne laser scanning has been used in most advanced countries for coastal mapping due to its ability to penetrate shallow water and its high vertical accuracy. Due to these advantages, use of LiDAR data in coastal mapping is efficient for monitoring and predicting significant topographic change in river zones. This paper introduces a method for construction of a 3D artificial levee line using a set of LiDAR points that uses normal vectors. Multiple steps are involved in this method. First, a 2.5-dimensional Delaunay triangle mesh is generated based on three nearest-neighbor points in the LiDAR data. Second, a median filtering is applied to minimize noise. Third, edge selection algorithms are applied to extract break edges from a Delaunay triangle mesh using two normal vectors. In this research, two methods for edge selection algorithms using hypothesis testing are used to extract break edges. Fourth, intersection edges which are extracted using both methods at the same range are selected as the intersection edge group. Fifth, among intersection edge group, some linear feature edges which are not suitable to compose a levee line are removed as much as possible considering vertical distance, slope and connectivity of an edge. Sixth, with all line segments which are suitable to constitute a levee line, one river levee line segment is connected to another river levee line segment with the end points of both river levee line segments located nearest horizontally and vertically to each other. After linkage of all the river levee line segments, the initial river levee line is generated. Since the initial river levee line consists of the LiDAR points, the pattern of the initial river levee line is being zigzag along the river levee. Thus, for the last step, a algorithm for smoothing the initial river levee line is applied to fit the initial river levee line into the reference line, and the final 3D river levee line is constructed. After the algorithm is completed, the proposed algorithm is applied to construct the 3D river levee line in Zng-San levee nearby Ham-Ahn Bo in Nak-Dong river. Statistical results show that the constructed river levee line generated using a proposed method has high accuracy in comparison to the ground truth. This paper shows that use of LiDAR data for construction of the 3D river levee line for river zone mapping is useful and efficient; and, as a result, it can be replaced with ground surveying method for construction of the 3D river levee line.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.272-280
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• 2016

Chrysanthemum is one of the top floriculture species with ornamental and medicinal value. Although chrysanthemum breeding program has contributed to the development of various cultivars so far, it needs to be advanced from the traditional phenotype-based selection to marker-assisted selection (molecular breeding) as shown in major cereal and vegetable crops. Molecular breeding relies on trait-linked molecular markers identified from genetic, molecular, and genomic studies. However, these studies in chrysanthemum are significantly hampered by the reproductive, genetic, and genomic properties of chrysanthemum such as self-incompatibility, inbreeding depression, allohexaploid, heterozygosity, and gigantic genome size. Nevertheless, several genetic studies have constructed genetic linkage maps and identified molecular markers linked to important traits of flower, leaf, and plant architecture. With progress in sequencing technology, chrysanthemum transcriptome has been sequenced to construct reference gene set and identify genes responsible for developments or induced by biotic or abiotic stresses. Recently, a genome sequencing project has been launched on a diploid wild Chrysanthemum species. The massive sequencing information would serve as fundamental resources for molecular breeding of chrysanthemum. In this review, we summarized the current status of molecular genetics and genomics in chrysanthemum and briefly discussed future prospects.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.422-431
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• 2017

The biogeochemical information of riverine organic matter gives a detailed and integrated recording of natural and anthropogenic activity within a watershed. To investigate the changes in quality and quantity of organic carbon transporting from mountain to ocean via river channels, we estimated the concentrations of dissolved (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC), and then traced the source origin of POC using stable carbon isotopes ratio before and after summer rainfalls in the Tamjin River and Ganjin Bay, Korea. Along the small watershed, a total of 13 sites including headwaters, dam reservoir, river and estuary were established for the study. We found some interesting findings in the aspect of distribution of DOC/POC concentration changing their origin sources dynamically flowing downstream. In particular, the river channel transport downstream mainly DOC to river mouth, although upper dam reservoir increased POC concentration by phytoplankton production in summer. Whereas, in the river mouth and estuary, POC was dominated not only by local supply from nearby reed saltmarsh, but also by marine phytoplankton production, respectively. The findings can contribute to increasing the understanding of riverine organic carbon transport in upper large dam and lower open estuary system.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.639-648
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• 2016

Purpose: Existing precedent studies include success factors of individual management innovation activities constantly. However, those studies have limitations about the common key success factors of individual management innovation activities. Methods: For this study, we investigate the key success factors using literature research of the most typical management innovation activities adopted and implemented by many companies in Korea, such as 6sigma, TQM, Lean 6sigma, ERP, TPM, BPR, Project Management, System Engineering. Factors emerging repeatedly was combined into common factors and inherent factors that are necessary for the success of individual management innovation activities are designated to essential factors. Results: 'Essential factors for Six Sigma' consist of 5 items. Black belt operating system, personnel management system linkage, the correct management of the data, perform improvement projects associated with financial performance financial result, linked to financial performance improvement project, project progress management. 'Essential factors of TQM' are arranged 4 items. Quality team's independence and role, goal-setting, Quality Information System, corporate's philosophy of quality first. 'Essential factors of Lean Six Sigma' are the selection of value stream which is based on the customer needs and the value creation and identify the project based on the selected value in the company. 'Essential factors of ERP' are investigated 6 items. Ongoing system maintenance and upgrades, the measurement and support of user satisfaction, the operating systems and the policies for the maintenance, IT infrastructure, change adaption condition monitoring, focusing on improving business performance. 'Essential factors for TPM' are arranged 4 items. Motivated and energetic Bottom-Up, CEO's recognition of the importance facility management, long-term perspective of necessity and ongoing patience. 'Essential factors for BPR' are the pursuit of change process and the staff's sense of crisis management. 'Essential factors for Project Management' are the strategy that reduce the risk management skills through risk management and the understanding and organized management for the project participant's needs. 'Essential factors for System Engineering' consist of 2 items. The first is the design for the best balanced system with pre-analysis about the compromise the cost, schedule and the performance. The second is the analysis of large problem into small problems which can solved. We have found the solution considering components of the interface through the systematic perspective. Conclusion: Common factors and essential factors presented in this study will properly help to introduce the individual management innovation activities for the each business sector and implement management innovation. After this study, new literature research that reflect new studies should accomplish steadily.