Journal of Plant Biotechnology

The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology (한국식물생명공학회)
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Current status and prospects of chrysanthemum genomics

국화 유전체 연구의 동향

  • Won, So Youn (Genomics Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Jung Sun (Genomics Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kang, Sang-Ho (Genomics Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Sohn, Seong-Han (Genomics Division, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration)
  • 원소윤 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부 유전체과) ;
  • 김정선 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부 유전체과) ;
  • 강상호 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부 유전체과) ;
  • 손성한 (농촌진흥청 국립농업과학원 농업생명자원부 유전체과)
  • Received : 2016.03.30
  • Accepted : 2016.07.31
  • Published : 2016.09.30
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Abstract

Chrysanthemum is one of the top floriculture species with ornamental and medicinal value. Although chrysanthemum breeding program has contributed to the development of various cultivars so far, it needs to be advanced from the traditional phenotype-based selection to marker-assisted selection (molecular breeding) as shown in major cereal and vegetable crops. Molecular breeding relies on trait-linked molecular markers identified from genetic, molecular, and genomic studies. However, these studies in chrysanthemum are significantly hampered by the reproductive, genetic, and genomic properties of chrysanthemum such as self-incompatibility, inbreeding depression, allohexaploid, heterozygosity, and gigantic genome size. Nevertheless, several genetic studies have constructed genetic linkage maps and identified molecular markers linked to important traits of flower, leaf, and plant architecture. With progress in sequencing technology, chrysanthemum transcriptome has been sequenced to construct reference gene set and identify genes responsible for developments or induced by biotic or abiotic stresses. Recently, a genome sequencing project has been launched on a diploid wild Chrysanthemum species. The massive sequencing information would serve as fundamental resources for molecular breeding of chrysanthemum. In this review, we summarized the current status of molecular genetics and genomics in chrysanthemum and briefly discussed future prospects.

국화는 관상용, 약용으로 활용되는 주요한 화훼 작물중의 하나이다. 국화의 육종 프로그램은 다양한 품종의 개발에 기여하였으나, 다른 주요한 식량, 채소작물에서 보여졌듯이 전통적인 표현형 기반의 품종선발에서 분자표지를 활용한 선발로 진일보할 필요가 있다. 이러한 분자육종은 유전학, 분자생물학, 최근에는 유전체 연구로 규명된 형질연관 분자표지에 의존한다. 그러나 자가불화합성, 자식약세, 이질육배체, 이형접합성, 거대한 유전체와 같은 국화의 생식적, 유전적, 유전체의 특성으로 인하여 이러한 연구는 심각하게 지연되고 있다. 그럼에도 불구하고 유전연구를 통하여 국화의 유전자지도가 구축되었고 꽃, 잎, 식물구조와 같은 국화의 주요한 형질과 연관된 분자표지가 규명되었다. 염기서열 분석기술이 발달됨에 따라 국화의 전사체가 해독되어 국화의 표준유전자 목록이 구축되고 발달단계에 따라 혹은 생물적 비생물적 환경에서 특이적으로 발현되는 유전자도 규명되었다. 또한 2배체인 야생의 국화속 식물의 유전체 해독 프로젝트가 시작되었다. 이러한 대량의 염기서열 정보는 국화의 분자육종을 위한 근원적인 자원으로 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 이 총설에서는 국화의 분자유전학, 유전체 연구의 현황을 요약하고 향후 전망을 논의한다.

Keywords

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