• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.182-190
• /
• 2000

In this paper, interference effects between NGSO and HAPS in the feeder link have been simulated and analyzed by means of calculating excess time percent and duration below the ell protection ratio. As the results, in the case of HAPS interference into NGSO, it can be obtained that the lowest C/I values are 20.42dB in 50km and 12.73dB in 20km of HAPS altitudes, respectively. And in the case of NGSO interference into HAPS, it can be obtained that the lowest ell values are 13.94dB and 10.42dB respectively. HAPS system has more interference reception from other systems or effects more interference into other systems as its altitude is lower. Also, the lowest ell values are appeared at difference time with its altitude.

• Proceedings of the Korea Electromagnetic Engineering Society Conference
• /
• 2000.11a
• /
• pp.34-38
• /
• 2000

In this paper, interference effects between NGSO and HAPS in the feeder link have been simulated and analyzed by means of calculating excess time percent and duration below the C/I protection ratio. As the results, in the case of HAPS interference into NGSO, it can be obtained that the lowest C/I values are 27.42dB in 50km and 12.73dB in 20Km of HAPS altitudes, respectively. And in the case of NGSO interference into HAPS, it can be obtained that the lowest C/I values are 13.94dB and 10.42dB respectively. HAPS system has more interference reception from other systems or effects more interference into other systems as its altitude is lower. Also, the lowest C/I values are appeared at difference time with its altitude.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.52 no.4
• /
• pp.451-463
• /
• 2022

Purpose: This study examined the reciprocal relationships between depression and income, and gender differences in these relationships among older adults in South Korea. Methods: Using 2015 to 2019 of the Korea Welfare Panel Study (KoWePS), we studied 6,070 older adults (2,394 men and 3,676 women) aged 60 years over in 2015. The generalized estimating equation was employed to explore the effect of an individual income on depression and the reverse causal link-that of depression on income. Results: The study found the reciprocal relationships between income and depression. Income has a significant impact on depression. Higher-income was linked to decreased risks of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D) scores among older adults (B = - 0.121, p < 0.001). Estimates of the reverse causal link show that higher CES-D scores were also linked to income reduction among Korean older adults (B = - 0.007, p < 0.001). In addition, we also observed gender differences in the impact of income on depression but not in the reverse causal link. Income has more detrimental to psychological consequence for older men (B = - 0.108, p < 0.001) than older women (B = - 0.057, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The finding implies that both psychological and social protection policies for the elderly are needed in view of gender perspective.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.29 no.10B
• /
• pp.841-848
• /
• 2004

In case of failure in the IP network services should be provided via a backup path which fully meets QoS requirements. In this regard, we in this paper suggest simple-PFC(5-PFC) to restore single link failure, iterative-PFC(i-PFC) for multiple link failures, and fault_node Avoidance-PFC(a-PFC) for failures of nodes such as routers. Taking the minimum cost rerouting problem into account, we compare and analyze performance of those three mechanisms carrying out Direct_destination Rerouting(DR).

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.29 no.9B
• /
• pp.791-798
• /
• 2004

In case of failure in the IP network, services should be provided via a backup path which fully meets QoS requirements. In this regard, we in this paper suggest simple-PFC(s-PFC) to restore single link failure, iterative-PFC(i-PFC) for multiple link failures, and fault_node Avoidance-PFC(a-PFC) for failures of nodes such as routers. Taking the minimum cost rerouting problem into account, we compare and analyze performance of those three mechanisms carrying out Direct-destination Rerouting(DR).

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.8 no.2 s.9
• /
• pp.47-65
• /
• 2002

This project is planned to grasp the present situation of traditional medicine part in our country and to study protection method about this by the intellectual property which is the international concerning point recently. Through this, we will be able to devise means to deal with protection method of traditional medicine being developed by WIPO now. Traditional medicine field In our country Is organized with specific condition separated into the part of institution and the part of non-institution. So, because of the closed peculiarity, we have experienced the difficulties to understand the real facts about traditional medicine. We cannot be indifferent to the matter anymore. Because the expectation of object people is high, we could expect the realization of research content. In 1 detail project, we investigated the situation of traditional medicine in our country through various collecting methods for excavation of oriental treatment technique and herb medicine which is worth protecting. With it, we sorted again into 56 kinds of 11 parts through analysis of validity in the way of oriental medicine. And we tried to link this up 2 detail project which is about legal and institutional guarantee concerning protection. furthermore, we tried to find approach ways for security of objectivity into 4 steps with the example of model disease. we could complete practical classification of traditional medicine in our country. In 2 detail project, we studied the protection method by the intellectual property through research result in 1 detail project. For this, we observed an outline of the intellectual property including a patent application analysis in folk traditional medicine part, and problems of traditional medicine protection and world trend by traditional knowledge protection tendency and the patent law In domestic traditional medicines, the aspects unprotectable with the patent law now were remained. So, we suggested supplementary plan. And we also suggested the freedom of utilization between traditional medicine possession countries (in-situ utilization) and the demand compensation payment for a third country (ex-situ utilization) in connection with international movement.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
• /
• 2004.06a
• /
• pp.11-14
• /
• 2004

Digital Video Broadcasting - Satellite (DVB-S) [1] (EN 300 421(bibliography)) was introduced as a standard in 1994. However, by combing with higher order modulation, promise more powerful alternatives to the DVB-S / DVB-DSNG coding and modulation schemes. Variable rate coding and modulation (VCM) may employed to provide different levels of error protection to different service components. Adaptive coding and modulation (ACM) provides more exact channel protection and dynamic link adaptation to propagation conditions, targeting each individual receiving terminal. By these reasons, DVB-S2 introduced. This paper derives exact symbol error rate(SER) of 16-Amplitude Phase Shift Keying(APSK) modulation by using Craig's formula. 16-APSK modulation is used in DVB-S2. The difference between Union Bound and Craig's formula is 1.26dB in low SNR and 0.1dB in high SNR.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
• /
• v.13 no.2
• /
• pp.88-94
• /
• 1988

The radiological impacts due to transportation of irradiated PWR fuel by truck were assessed for incident-free and accident conditions with. the computer code INTERTRAN. The resulting collective doses exposure to different subgroups of the public and of the workers were determined. Resulting collective doses for crewman and the public sharing the transport link and living in a corridor on either side of the route are small. All attempts to quantify the risk from the transport suffer from a lack of good input data. It is in these areas that the most important advances can be made.

• Natural Product Sciences
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.150-152
• /
• 2006

The ethanol extract of Sida acuta Burm. (ALSA) whole plant was studied for its anti-ulcer activity against aspirin plus pylorous ligation induced gastric ulcer, HCl-ethanol induced ulcer, and water immersion stress induced ulcer (WISIU) in rats. We found that ALSA at a dose of 300 mg/kg, (orally) markedly decrease the incidence of ulcers in the first two models. ALSA showed reduction in gastric volume, free acidity, and ulcer index (53.69%). It has not reduced the total acidity significantly and no significant change in pH. It also showed 55.14% gastro protective activity, wheres standard drug sucralfate showed 94.85%. WISIU showed protection index 24.4%, whereas standard drug omeprazole (OMEZ) showed protection index 100%.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
• /
• v.15
• /
• pp.113-122
• /
• 1995

By integrating WDM to OPS unit which plays an important role for the reliability of CPN, we made it possible to provide CATV, VOD, and high-speed data services simultaneously and to meet the requirements for new services in the future. For the design of optimal system, the link analysis of power budget has been performed. Also, the prototyped system has been tested with STM-1 level signals to confirm functions such as transmission, distribution, and protection. The results proved that when occurred out-of-order or recovery of ONU, the system did the pertinent switching with minimum loss for high-speed data services. Also for video distribution services, the system has distributed STM-1 level signals successfully.