• Title/Summary/Keyword: Lignin degrading enzyme

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Multifarious activities of cellulose degrading bacteria from Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus) faeces

  • Singh, Surender;Thavamani, Palanisami;Megharaj, Mallavarapu;Naidu, Ravi
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.57 no.7
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    • pp.23.1-23.6
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    • 2015
  • Cellulose degrading bacteria from koala faeces were isolated using caboxymethylcellulose-Congo red agar, screened in vitro for different hydrolytic enzyme activities and phylogenetically characterized using molecular tools. Bacillus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. were the most prominent bacteria from koala faeces. The isolates demonstrated good xylanase, amylase, lipase, protease, tannase and lignin peroxidase activities apart from endoglucanase activity. Furthermore many isolates grew in the presence of phenanthrene, indicating their probable application for bioremediation. Potential isolates can be exploited further for industrial enzyme production or in bioremediation of contaminated sites.

Production and Enzymatic Properties of Laccase from Flammulina velutipes (Flammulina velutipes에 의한 Laccase의 생산과 효소적 특성)

  • Lee, Jae-Sung;Suh, Dal-Sun
    • The Korean Journal of Mycology
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    • v.13 no.2
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    • pp.111-114
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    • 1985
  • The production of lac case by the funguson various media was studied. The characteristics of the enzyme were also studied regarding to the optimum pH, stability, Km value, and inactivation. The maximum activity of laccase reached the 40 days of incubation and the barley straw extract appeared to be a strong inducer for laccase. The enzyme showed stability at wide range of pH with optimum pH of 6.6. Temperature stability of the enzyme was high. Laccase was not inactivated by the organic solvents used for the precipitation. The enzyme, how­ever, was completely inactivated by trichloroacetic acid and sodium azide.

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Purification and characterization of versatile peroxidase from Pleurotus ostreatus produced in a rotary draft tube bioreactor (회전식 통풍관 생물반응기로부터 생산된 느타리균의 다목적 과산화효소(VP) 정제 및 특성)

  • Hyo-Cheol Ha
    • Journal of Mushroom
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.209-214
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    • 2023
  • In this study, Pleurotus ostreatus No.42 was cultured in glucose-peptone-yeast-wheat bran medium using a previously reported novel rotary draft tube bioreactor. Versatile peroxidase (VP), a lignin-degrading enzyme, was isolated from a pellet-type mycelium culture grown in the medium for seven days. The VP was purified by sequentially applying ultra-filtration, DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B column, and Mono Q column. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed the molecular weight of VP to be 36.4 KDa with an isoelectric point of 3.65. The amino acid sequence was confirmed as VTCATGQTT. The purified VP was observed to possess the property of not only oxidizing Mn ions but also decomposing veratryl alcohol, a non-phenolic compound. The catalytic ability of VP is a subject for future research.

Screening of Biodegradable Function of Indigenous Ligno-degrading Mushroom Using Dyes

  • Jang, Kab-Yeul;Cho, Soo-Muk;Seok, Soon-Ja;Kong, Won-Sik;Kim, Gyu-Hyun;Sung, Jae-Mo
    • Mycobiology
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.53-61
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    • 2009
  • The process of biodegradation in lingo-cellulosic materials is critically relevant to biospheric carbon. The study of this natural process has largely involved laboratory investigations, focused primarily on the biodegradation and recycling of agricultural by-products, generally using basidiomycetes species. In order to collect super white rot fungi and evaluate its ability to degrade lingo-cellulosic material, 35 fungal strains, collected from forests, humus soil, livestock manure, and dead trees, were screened for enzyme activities and their potential to decolorize the commercially used Poly-R 478 dye. In the laccase enzymatic analysis chemical test, 33 white rot fungi and 2 brown rot fungi were identified. The degradation ability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) according to the utilized environmental conditions was higher in the mushrooms grown in dead trees and fallen leaves than in the mushrooms grown in humus soil and livestock manure. Using Poly-R 478 dye to assess the PAH-degradation activity of the identified strains, four strains, including Agrocybe pediades, were selected. The activities of laccase, MnP, and Lip of the four strains with PAH-degrading ability were highest in Pleurotus incarnates. 87 fungal strains, collected from forests, humus soil, livestock manure, and dead trees, were screened for enzyme activities and their potential to decolorize the commercially used Poly-R 478 dye on solid media. Using Poly-R 478 dye to assess the PAHdegrading activity of the identified strains, it was determined that MKACC 51632 and 52492 strains evidenced superior activity in static and shaken liquid cultures. Subsequent screening on plates containing the polymeric dye poly R-478, the decolorization of which is correlated with lignin degradation, resulted in the selection of a strain of Coriolus versicolor, MKACC52492, for further study, primarily due to its rapid growth rate and profound ability to decolorize poly R-478 on solid media. Considering our findings using Poly-R 478 dye to evaluate the PAH-degrading activity of the identified strains, Coriolus versicolor, MKACC 52492 was selected as a favorable strain. Coriolus versicolor, which was collected from Mt. Yeogi in Suwon, was studied for the production of the lignin-modifying enzymes laccase, manganese-dependent peroxidase (MnP), and lignin peroxidase (LiP).

Dye Removal by Phlebia tremellosa and Lignin Degrading Enzyme Transformants (아교버섯(Phlebia tremellosa)의 리그닌 분해효소 형질전환체를 이용한 염료의 탈색)

  • Kum, Hyun-Woo;Ryu, Sun-Hwa;Lee, Sung-Suk;Choi, Hyoung-T.
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.46 no.1
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    • pp.93-95
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    • 2010
  • White rot fungi which have lignin degrading enzymes show high degrading activity to diverse recalcitrant compounds such as polycyclic aromatic compounds, dyes, explosives and endocrine disrupting chemicals. We have examined decolorizing activity of dyes by Phlebia tremellosa and two transformants which had genetically transformed using laccase or manganese peroxidase (MnP) gene. In case of methyl green, wild type strain showed 50% decolorization while laccase transformant (TF2-1) and MnP transformant (T5) showed more than 90% decolorization on day 3. Remazol brilliant blue R(RBBR) was decolorized up to 85% by two transformants while the wild type showed 67% decolorization on day 3. Transformants TF2-1 and T5 both showed increased laccase and MnP activity respectively during the whole growing phase.

Decolorization of a Dye by Immobilized Lignin Degrading Enzymes Generated from Transformants of Merulius tremellosus Fr. (아교버섯 형질전환체가 생산한 리그닌분해 고정화효소에 의한 염료 탈색)

  • Min, Dong-Suk;Ryu, Sun-Hwa;Kim, Myung-Kil;Choi, Hyoung-T.
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.48 no.3
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    • pp.225-227
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    • 2012
  • Lignin degrading enzymes from white rot fungi show broad substrate specificities, and therefore they can degrade variety of recalcitrant compounds. We have used three different protocols for the generation of immobilized laccase and manganese peroxidase crude enzymes from the genetically transformed strains of Merulius tremellosus Fr. These immobilized enzymes were used in the decolorization of Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR), and they showed about 75% decolorization rates during the 48 h reactions. Although the decolorization efficiency decreased by 10-15% after a repeated use of the immobilized enzymes, these can be reused in various degrading reactions.

Degradation of Bisphenol A and Removal of Its Estrogenic Activity by Two Laccase Transformants of Irpex lacteus (기계충버섯 형질전환체를 이용한 비스페놀 A의 분해와 에스토로겐 활성 제거)

  • Kim, Yun-Jung;Song, Hong-Gyu;Choi, Hyoung-T.
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.44 no.3
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    • pp.199-202
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    • 2008
  • A white rot fungus Irpex lacteus produced lignin degrading enzymes, which showed degrading activity against various recalcitrant compounds. However, laccase, one of the lignin degrading enzymes, was too low to be assayed by spectrophotometry using o-tolidine as the chromogenic substrate in this fungus under various culture conditions. A laccase expression vector was constructed using a cDNA from Phlebia tremellosa with the constitutively expressed promoter of glyceraldehydes-3-phosphate dehydrogenase gene, and introduced into I. lacteus by the restriction enzyme mediated integration transformation through the protoplast-$CaCl_2$ procedure. Two transformants showed highly increased laccase activities at the early growth phase in the minimal liquid medium, and they not only degraded bisphenol A, a notorious endocrine disrupting chemical, but also removed the estrogenic activity effectively.

The mycelial growth and ligninolytic enzyme activity of cauliflower mushroom (Sparassis latifolia)

  • Sou, Hong-Duck;Ryoo, Rhim;Ka, Kang-Hyeon;Park, Hyun
    • Forest Science and Technology
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.158-163
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    • 2017
  • We examined the activities of lignin-degrading enzymes of the mycelium of cauliflower mushroom (Sparassis latifolia). Three different strains of S. latifolia collected from several sites in Korea and one crossbred strain were cultured on potato dextrose broth (PDB) and Kirk's medium in order to study the activities of their ligninolytic enzymes. Mycelial growth reached maximum levels between 14 and 21 days after inoculation and pH increased by 0.12 units over 35 days. Laccase activity began increasing after 14 days on both types of media. Manganese peroxidase (MnP) activity followed a trend similar to that of laccase on Kirk's medium, but not on PDB. The activity of lignin peroxidase (LiP) differed from that of other enzymes; its activity decreased by half after 14 days on PDB but remained constant on Kirk's medium over 35 days. The total protein concentration increased considerably after 14 days and peaked at 21 days on PDB. A similar maximum was attained on Kirk's medium. In contrast, the residual glucose increased rapidly at 14 days on Kirk's medium, while increasing gradually up to 28 days on PDB. This study indicates that S. latifolia is more similar to white rot fungi than to other brown rot fungi.

Screening and Evaluating of Wood-Rotting Fungi for Lignin Degradation and Ligninolytic Enzyme Production (III) - Conditions of Manganese Peroxidase Production by Lignin-Degrading Fungus LSK-27 - (리그닌분해(分解)와 리그닌분해효소(分解酵素) 생산(生産)을 위한 목재부후균(木材腐朽菌)의 선발(選拔)과 평가(評價) (III) -리그닌분해균(分解菌) LSK-27에 의한 Manganese peroxidase 생산조건(生産條件)-)

  • Jung, Hyun-Chae;Park, Seur-Kee;Kim, Byeong-Soo;Park, Chong-Yawl
    • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.53-61
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    • 1999
  • Effects of culture conditions and Mn(II) addition were investigated for production of extracellular manganese peroxidase by lignin-degrading fungus LSK-27, Nitrogen source was shown to more influence the production of extracellular manganese peroxidase by LSK-27 than carbon source. When peptone or yeast extract as nitrogen source was added, high MnP activity was obtained. Especially, nitrogen-sufficient culture condition was effective in MnP activity, showing significantly increase up to 1.0% peptone concentration, but carbon-sufficient was not. Mn(II) was shown to strongly induce the MnP production in culture fluids of LSK-27. Increase of MnP actiyity was obeserved up to addition of 100ppm Mn(II), and over this Mn(II) concentration appeared to be inhibitory. The highest level of MnP activity was attained when Mn(II) was added after 2 day incubation.

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Draft genome sequence of humic substances-degrading Pseudomonas kribbensis CHA-19 from temperate forest soil (중위도 산림토양에서 분리한 부식질 분해능이 있는 Pseudomonas kribbensis CHA-19의 유전체 염기서열 초안)

  • Kim, Dockyu;Lee, Hyoungseok
    • Korean Journal of Microbiology
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    • v.55 no.2
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    • pp.177-179
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    • 2019
  • Pseudomonas kribbensis CHA-19 was isolated from a temperate forest soil (mid latitude) in New Jersey, USA, for its ability to degrade humic acids, a main component of humic substances (HS), and subsequently confirmed to be able to decolorize lignin (a surrogate for HS) and catabolize lignin-derived ferulic and vanillic acids. The draft genome sequence of CHA-19 was analyzed to discover the putative genes for depolymerization of polymeric HS (e.g., dye-decolorizing peroxidases and laccase-like multicopper oxidases) and catabolic degradation of HS-derived small aromatics (e.g., vanillate O-demethylase and biphenyl 2,3-dioxygenase). The genes for degradative activity were used to propose a HS degradation pathway of soil bacteria.