• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.481-487
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• 2013

Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the visual reactions of users when they are playing games of different flow levels, and to explore the visual variables that can sensitively reflect the different flow levels. Background: The flow is defined as a psychological state where interface users feel their actions in a virtual setting identical to those in real environment. To measure the flow states of users, the questionnaire-based FSS(Flow State Scale) has mostly been used. However, this method is a qualitative test that has limits in terms of the accuracy of users' flow experiences. Therefore, more accurate methods to measure users' flow experiences are required. Method: Ten subjects participated in the experiment, where the independent variables were three games with different flow levels(puzzle games, dot drawing and coloring) and the time frame(the first and last 10 seconds in game playing), whereas the dependent variables included the pupil size and the frequency and duration of eye blinking. This study was a within-subject design. Each participant performed three types of games with different flow levels 3 times for each for 10 minutes, and their visual reactions to each game were measured. Results: The higher the flow cause the bigger pupil size(p<0.01) and the lower eye blinking frequency(p<0.1), indicating that different types of games lead to different flow levels. The pupil size during the last 10 seconds when the flow level was higher was bigger by 2.1% compared with that during the first 10 seconds in game playing(p<0.1), and the eye blinking frequency decreased by 12%(p<0.01). Conclusion: It was found out that the pupil size and the frequency and duration of eye blinking were psychophysiological indices for evaluating users' flow experiences, which could quantify the flow states users go through. The psychophysiological variables capable of measuring diverse aspects of the flow need diversifying to be applicable to precise measurement of the flow. Application: These studies are warranted for both quantitative analysis of flow levels and qualitative improvement of cyber leisure in line with development of healthy games.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.406-419
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• 2017

This study is to explore the essence and meaning of part-time job experience, in particular, to deduce growth experience through part-time jobs. This study is based on time-experience of phenomenological research method developed by the van Manen. For this research, the research data was collected by reviewing high school student part timer in Gyeonggi-do, those who had experience of average of two-year part time work or currently at work, and by undertaking in-depth interviews with seven of them from the March to April of 2017 with the agreements of the participants of this study. Time-experiences, i.e. part-time job experiences of youths, can be arranged as the following subjects. 'the feeling necessity part-time job and seeking it', 'adapting hard life of part-time', growth-experiencing through part-time work..The necessities for part-time job are feeling up consumption needs, aidsing domestic economy, pursuing independence, social and leisure life, self growth and preparing for the future. Adapting of part-time jobs are mastering, enduring, skillfuling work related to work adatation, and enduring ostracizing of old members, stopping and lasting, building bonds related to relationship adaptation. Growth-experiencing through part-time work are formig rational management for money, mental growth, preparing for the future. Based on these findings, the suggestion and limitation of the study were presented.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.77-86
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• 2012

The 5-day schoolweek system at the present has increased spare time of the youth. The society should use this opportunity to lead the youth to grow as a responsible community member as offering them programs to fulfill their desires and potential abilities. The purpose of this study is to have the improvements to give the youth appropriate and comfortable space. As the scope of the study, I selected a total of 5 places as each rating (the best, good, moderate, insufficient) 4 places in the comprehensive assessment conducted by youth facilities association among the independent buildings located in Seoul and 1 place after the assessment. As the methods of the study, with regard to environmental psychology and behavior and Youth cultural center, I investigated them theoretically as literature survey method, organized and analyzed, put them together through facilities research analysis and the survey. The research results are as follows : First, a static individual space should be placed in well accessibility due to high affinity for the facilities. Second, a dynamic individual space needs the place and equipment for physically and mentally healthy leisure culture. Third, a dynamic group space needs to provide ensuring service hours, setting proper size of space, comfortable indoor environment considering the relationship between physical activity and others. Fourth, a static group space needs to vary the programs to develop potential abilities by a variety of experiences to maintain the correlation the layout adjacent to leader's office.

• Archives of design research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.215-224
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• 2003

The cruiser trip which can have various experiences in a short time is growing as the best tourism package because there is less leisure time in contrast of the increased income in 21C. in other words, as the demand of the tourist goes up, the number of ships built newly is increasing. The order of the ship keeping first and second rank in Korea has arranged a long-term strategy in order to get into the global market with the cruiser with the high value added. They also set the objective related to the cruiser design and skillful construction work. We need to observe the change and trend of the cruiser with a care at this time when the cruiser industry is launched out. In this study, the cruiser industry is divided by four periods: the spring time, the depressed time, the developing time and the peak time, on the basis of the trend of the development and the change of space structure. In addition, it was analyzed in this study that there were the various trends such as the ratio, the structure and the type of the space as well as the interior plan in the passenger's residential place The aim of this study is to present the fundamental material about the interior plan to prepare for building the domestic cruisers in a foreseeable future.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.303-319
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• 2017

This study was to explore ex-offender's social readjustment based on the perceptions of correctional professionals and correctional counselors. For the study, 10 correctional professionals were interviewed including university professors majoring in criminology, judges of family court, various correctional workers and 8 correctional counselors responsible for counseling of ex-offender's in the Korea Rehabilitation Agency. The interviews were analyzed using content analysis procedures proposed by Krippendorff(2003). The results were composed of 5 spheres, 15 dimensions, 36 categories, and 77 meaning contents. With regard to social readjustment experiences of ex-offender's, domains such as 'education', 'psychotherapy', 'employment and job search', 'service, culture and leisure', and 'social and national support' were drawn from the analyses. Based on the results of this study, significance and implications were presented.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.295-318
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• 2020

This study was conducted to grasp the changing user needs, especially the changing information needs of the vulnerable groups of knowledge and information. The study analyzed the information needs of the migrants in Area A by introducing a community-based participatory research methodology. The authors cooperated with the local community throughout the entire course of the study and proposed an inclusive library strategy for the underprivileged in the A region. Migrants were in demand for easy writing materials, reading activities programs, leisure culture programs, and literacy programs. In particular, it was analyzed that services should be provided through cooperation with related organizations. As a result of the study, it was suggested to provide experiences of deeply participating in the current library and to provide various information sources (resource guides) and to promote through children.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.89-111
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to examine the phenomenon of social participation among female baby boomers. The key research questions were asked in what kind of activities do female baby boomers engage as social participation? The in-depth interview was used with 11 female baby boomers who were born between 1955 to 1963. The interview text were analyzed by the qualitative study method. The findings are as follows. First, the most common type of social participation was having hobbies and leisure activities, and the other were participating in religious activities, learning activities, volunteer activities and on-line club activities. Second, social participation gave them meanings such as joy, satisfaction, and experiences of seeing the new world as well as opportunities to make up low sense of self-esteem formed in their young age. Third, they were considering it was time to change their social participation. The cases who were actively engaging in social participation considered old age as 'the process of reducing social participation'. Some other cases considered to 'share hobbies with spouse', and to 'achieve new goals and dreams'. The results showed that female baby boomers started their social participation in their middle ages when they became free from their children's education. The level of the involvement in social participation was reduced in their old age. Surprisingly, some interviewees planned to accomplish their dreams and goals that they haven't achieved yet. These differences among the cases could be attributed to the individual characteristics such as personality, birth order, economic and educational background, and to the social relationship.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.11
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• pp.499-506
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• 2019

Virtual reality, which is attracting attention due to the 4th Industrial Revolution and commercialization of 5G technology, is expanding its scope from gaming to tourism, leisure, and education, and the VR market is expected to expand continuously. As the VR market scales up in Korea, theme parks combining virtual reality contents are spreading around the city center. Unlike the existing theme parks, VR Theme Park is a small amusement culture space that is organized indoors, and you can enjoy attractions (ride) that can be enjoyed in an amusement park with virtual reality contents. Virtual reality content, which has the same characteristics as a theme park whose purpose is to experience extraordinary experiences, provides high immersion and presence in combination with the physical stimulus of attraction. The virtual reality content combined with the attraction cannot be classified accurately with the existing classification method, so a new classification method is proposed according to the experience type and the installation type. The contents were categorized through the case of the domestic VR theme park, and the planning direction for the creation of the virtual reality attraction contents that was going on was sought.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.155-181
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• 2006

According to some previous studies, it has been suggested that affect has influence on consumers' behaviors. It has been also argued that affect has stronger influence on behavior related to tour and leisure. However, only a few studies have dealt with relationship between affect and tour considering the important correlation. This research examines on the influence of various affects on tourists' attitude and repurchase intention. This study assumes that affect takes three sub-categorized factors - pleasure, arousal and domination. It is a frequently used consumer behavior area called PAD. The purpose of this research is to examine affect and their causes experienced during tour on affectional travel agency service quality. To test the hypothesis, survey data obtained from 482 outbound tourists were used. Result shows that affect(PAD dimension) aroused by tour experiences(affectional travel agency service quality) significantly influence each attitude and repurchase intention. The implication of this finding is that marketers can gain maximum profit by providing positive affect. Because of the judgement that more future studies on unique characteristics of the affect of tour are needed, this study also describes some limitations and suggestion for the future study.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.102-114
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• 1998

Ecotourism has surged from conflicts between negative impacts of mass tourism and environmental issues. As an alternative tourism, ecotourism compromises extensively environmental, economic, educational, and cultural concerns. Ecotourism can be defined as environment-based tourism that ensures sustainable growth and development through conservation of natural and human environment, promotion of regional economy, and provision of tourism service in natural environment areas. Ecotourism should consider two key challenges; an effective means that may protect local economy through tourist-based income and improvement of residential circumstances, and role as leisure space that can improve tourist's experiences. The purpose of this study was to summarize ecotourism concepts through literature search and develop an ecotourism planning framework for Korean rural communities. In addition, developed planning framework in this study was applied to Jeongdori area, Wandogun, Korea as a case study in order to analyze its feasibility. A trial application in Jeongdori area demonstrated a possibility that ecotourism planning framework can be successfully adopted to a wide range of Korean rural communities. To ensure objectivity of framework, systematic case studies must be done in the future.