• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.14B no.2
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• pp.119-126
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• 2007

This paper presents a study investigating the effects of VR learning style on user attention and memory. The study involved users performed the guided or unguided style learning in the virtual environment while user attention was measured through physiological sensors (EEG, ECG, and GSR) and an eye tracking system. The users experienced the five specific events in a virtual environment associated with different stimuli, while they were given more specific goals during the guided task whereas they were given more goal asking them to actively search for the interesting items during the unguided task. The subject's attentions workload, feelings, memories about VR experience were measured by using a variety of physiological sensors during the task, video analysis, and post test survey. The results showed that the unguided task followed by the guided task made a considerable learning effect by giving a preview effect to the user. Moreover, the guided task drew more user attention and mental workload than the unguided task did.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.395-402
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• 2022

To predict rice blast, many machine learning methods have been proposed. As the quality and quantity of input data are essential for machine learning techniques, this study develops three artificial neural network (ANN)-based rice blast prediction models by combining two ANN models, the feed-forward neural network (FFNN) and long short-term memory, with diverse input datasets, and compares their performance. The Blast_Weathe long short-term memory r_FFNN model had the highest recall score (66.3%) for rice blast prediction. This model requires two types of input data: blast occurrence data for the last 3 years and weather data (daily maximum temperature, relative humidity, and precipitation) between January and July of the prediction year. This study showed that the performance of an ANN-based disease prediction model was improved by applying suitable machine learning techniques together with the optimization of hyperparameter tuning involving input data. Moreover, we highlight the importance of the systematic collection of long-term disease data.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.259-271
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• 2007

Investigation of molecular and cellular mechanisms of synaptic plasticity is the major focus of many neuroscientists. There are two major reasons for searching new genes and molecules contributing to central plasticity: first, it provides basic neural mechanism for learning and memory, a key function of the brain; second, it provides new targets for treating brain-related disease. Long-term potentiation (LTP), mostly intensely studies in the hippocampus and amygdala, is proposed to be a cellular model for learning and memory. Although it remains difficult to understand the roles of LTP in hippocampus-related memory, a role of LTP in fear, a simplified form of memory, has been established. Here, I will review recent cellular studies of LTP in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and then compare studies in vivo and in vitro LTP by genetic/pharmacological approaches. I propose that ACC LTP may serve as a cellular model for studying central sensitization that related to chronic pain, as well as pain-related cognitive emotional disorders. Understanding signaling pathways related to ACC LTP may help us to identify novel drug target for various mental disorders.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics S
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• v.35S no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 1998

In this paper, we propose a Neural Call Admission Control (CAC) method using a Sparse Distributed Memory(SDM). CAC is a key technology of TM network traffic control. It should be adaptable to the rapid and various changes of the ATM network environment. conventional approach to the ATM CAC requires network analysis in all cases. So, the optimal implementation is said to be very difficult. Therefore, neural approach have recently been employed. However, it does not mett the adaptability requirements. because it requires additional learning data tables and learning phase during CAC operation. We have proposed a neural network CAC method based on SDM that is more actural than conventioal approach to apply it to CAC. We compared it with previous neural network CAC method. It provides CAC with good adaptability to manage changes. Experimenatal results show that it has rapid adaptability and stability without additional learning table or learning phase.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.165-174
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• 1994

To investigate the significant indicators Improving the undisturbed memory in animal behavior, we employed several behavioral methods (learning, relearning in radial maze, and active avoidance) with ginseng components. Results showed that the repeated intranasal administration of $Rb_1$ and total saponins from Korean red ginseng induced direct effects on the brain mechanisms in rats, and improved the spatial memory during the learning, relearning and retention in the 12-arm radial maze test. The intranasal treatment of the total saponins also effectively improved the disturbed memory (amnesia) by pentylentetrazole, and simultaneously protected the brain by decreasing the severity of motor epileptic seizures. The intraperitonial administration of polysaccharide fraction of Korean red ginseng could improve avoidance behavior (amount of the total ecapes) in the active-avoidance test. In addition, local changes of the temperature and resistance of skin observed after Rb, administration were suggested to reflect some action of sympathetic nerve Key words Memory, intranasal administration, pentylenetetrazole, Korea red ginseng.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2019.07a
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• pp.385-386
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• 2019

This paper proposes a fusion model based on Long-Short Term Memory networks (LSTM) and CNN deep learning methods, and applied to multi-category news datasets, and achieved good results. Experiments show that the fusion model based on deep learning has greatly improved the precision and accuracy of text sentiment classification.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.63-78
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• 2002

Kupunggibodan(KU), Gamisamul-tang(GA) and Whangryunhaedok-tang(WH) are clinically the most popular prescriptions as an herbal medicine in the treatment of ischemia. In order to compare and evaluate their protective effects on the ischema-induced cognitive deficits by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), we examined its ability to improve ischemia-induced cell loss and impairements of learning and memory in the Morris water maze and eight-arm radial arm maze. Focal cerebral ischemia produced a marked cell loss, decrease in acetylcholinesterase(AchE) reactivity in the hippocampus, and learning and memory deficits in two behavioral tasks. Pretreatment with WH (100 mg/kg, p.o.) produced a substantial increase in acquisition in the Morris water maze. Pretreatment with KU increased the perfomance of the resention test in the Morris water maze. WH, KU and GA caused a significant improvement in choice accuracy in radial arm maze test. WH was superior to KU and GA in perfomance of the radial arm maze test. Consistent with behavioral data, staining with cresyl violet showed that pretreatments with WH, but not KU and GA significantly recovered the ischemia-induced cell loss in the hippcampal CA1 area. In addition, pretreatments with WH and KU recovered the ischemia-induced reduction of AchE reactivity in the hippocampal CA1 area. These results demonstrated that KU, GA and WH have protective effects against ischimea-induced learning and memory impairments and that the efficacy was the order of WH>KU>GA in tratment of ischemia induced memory deficits. The present studies provide an evidence of KU, GA and WH as putative treatment of vascular dementia. Supported by a fund from the Ministry of Health and Welfare(HMP-00-OO-04-0004), and the Brain Korea 21 Project from Korean Ministry of Education, Korea.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.300-305
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• 2011

The present study was investigated the neuroprotective effects of acupuncture at ST36 on learning and memory deficits after transient cerebral ischemia in a gerbil model. The animals were randomly divided into three groups (n=7 in each group): the sham operation group (SHAM), ischemia-induced and ST36 acupuncture group (ISC + ST36), and the ischemia-induced and Tail-acupuncture group (ISC + TAIL). For the acupuncture stimulation, stainless steel needles, 0.3 mm in diameter, were inserted bilaterally into the ST36 locus or the tail and stimulated for 1 min/day for 14 days. Using the Morris water maze test, the animals were tested on spatial learning and memory. In addition, the effects of acupuncture on memory storage and the choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity, in the hippocampal CA1 area, were investigated by ChAT immunohistochemistry. Transient cerebral ischemia produced impaired performance on the MWM test (DAY 5: p<0.01 and retention test: p<0.05) and severely decreased ChAT immunoreactivity in the CA1 hippocampal area compared to the SHAM group (p<0.05). However, improved learning and memory were observed (DAY 5: p<0.05 and retention test: p<0.01) as well as a significantly reduced loss of ChAT immunoactivity in the hippocampal CA1 region (p<0.001) after acupuncture stimulation at ST36 were observed. These results show that acupuncture at ST36 ameliorated the learning and memory deficits at least in part through the cholinergic system. The findings of this study provide potential data that acupuncture is useful for the treatment of some of the behavioral impairs of transient cerebral ischemia.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.18-27
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to investigate effects of instruction with stories on elementary school students' science learning and memory. For the purpose, this researcher sampled 3 classes in their 3th grade from an elementary school. Out of the three classes, two were designated as the comparative group consisting of 70 students and the other, the experimental group, 32 students. The former group was applied instruction treatment under the 7th national curriculum of education. The other group was instructed with a story book that contained stories students already knew which were somewhat rearranged to comply with contents of a relevant curricular course. Results of the study can be described as follows. First, academic achievement test was made immediately after the treatment to show that the experimental group was significantly higher in scores for memory and understanding in the section of 'Finding Constellations' that the other group. Second, the two groups' academic achievements in relation to the section, 'Finding Constellations' were tested 3 months after the treatment to show that the experimental group was significantly higher in scores for memory and understanding than the comparative group. Such achievements within the groups were tested 3 months after the treatment to find that both of the two groups didn't show statistically significant differences.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.60-66
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of educational smartphone app with the effect of learning using conventional paper material. We developed an educational app for nursing students to learn how to read blood pressure and how to take a pulse. Evaluated was the effect of the app-based education by measuring the short term memory (right after the education), the long term memory (a week later) and the satisfaction. 25 college nursing students participated for the experiment group using the app-based education and 25 for the control group using paper-based education. We applied for statistical analysis Fisher's exact test and Independent t-test. The satisfaction of the app user's appeared significantly higher than that of the paper material user's (t=2.322, p=0.024). The short term memory score was 0.23 points higher in the experimental group (6.46 points) than in the control group (6.23 points), which was not statistically significant (t =0.422, p =0.675). Similar result came for the long term memory (t=1.006, p=0.320). After adjusting for the effect of a college grade using ANCOVA, the effect on memory was significantly higher in the experiment group. There might be differences in learning ability between the experimental and the control groups.