• 제목/요약/키워드: Leaf blight disease

검색결과 265건 처리시간 0.022초

재배 형태별 백합 잎마름병의 발생 양상 및 몇가지 경종적 처리의 방제 효과 (Control and Incidence of Leaf Blight on Lily with Different Cultural Systems)

  • 함수상;이기환;이종원;이희덕;유승헌
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.152-156
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    • 2007
  • 백합을 노지재배할 경우 'Raizan'과 'Casa Blanca' 품종에서 잎마름병의 발병엽율이 각각 50%, 45.4%인 반면, 비가림 시설재배할 경우는 발병엽율이 1.5%, 1.9%로 현저히 감소하였다. 또한 비가림 시설재배에서 스프링클러 관수시에 잎마름병 발생율이 $14.5{\sim}16.5%$였으나 점적 관수시에는 $1.5{\sim}2%$로 감소하였다. 백합 잎마름병 발생에 미치는 연작의 영향을 조사하였던 바 초작지에 비하여 재작지 및 3년 연작지의 병 발생율이 현저히 높았다. 월동한 병든 식물체의 잎, 줄기, 꼬투리, 종구에서 B. elliptica의 분리비율은 43.3%, 46.7%, 60%, 0%, B. cinerea의 분리비율은 10.3%, 0%, 3.3%, 0%였으며, 두 균 모두 백합의 꼬투리에서 가장 높은 비율로 분리되었다. Raizan 품종을 절화한 후 식물체 잔재물을 방치한 포장에서는 다음 해 최고 56.5%의 발병엽율을 나타낸 반면에 잔재물을 제거한 포장에서는 발병엽율이 7.3%로 매우 낮았다. 노지재배시 흑색비닐, 수피, 볏짚을 이용하여 멀칭재배를 한 경우 잎마름병의 발병엽율이 각각 6.6%, 8.2%, 11.3%로서 비멀칭재배의 발병엽율 21.3%에 비해 현저히 감소하였다.

Occurrence of Web Blight in Soybean Caused by Rhizoctonia sol ani AG-l(IA) in Korea

  • Kim, Wan-Gyu;Hong, Sung-Kee;Han, Seong-Sook
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제21권4호
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    • pp.406-408
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    • 2005
  • Web blight symptoms were frequently observed on soybean plants grown in a farmer's fields located in Jincheon in Korea during a disease survey in August, 2005. Incidence of the disease was $5-20\%$ infected plants in two of four soybean fields investigated. A total of 31 isolates of Rhizoctonia sp. were obtained from leaves, leaf petioles, and pods of diseased soybean plants. The isolates were identified as Rhizoctonia solani AG-l(IA) by anastomosis test and based on the morphological and cultural characteristics. Three isolates of R. solani AG-l(IA) were tested for pathogenicity to five cultivars of soybean by artificial inoculation. All the isolates induced blight symptoms on the leaves of soybean and formed sclerotia on the lesions, which were similar to those observed in the field. The pathogenicity tests revealed that all the soybean cultivars tested were susceptible to the pathogen. There was no difference in the pathogenicity among the isolates. The present study first reveals that R. solani AG-l(IA) causes web blight of soybean in Korea.

미생물 제제와 살균제에 의한 인삼 점무늬병의 방제 (Control of Alternaria Leaf Blight of Ginseng by Microbial Agent and Fungicides)

  • 이상국;한진수;김현길;윤대붕;최재을
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제14권2호
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    • pp.102-106
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    • 2008
  • Bacillus subtilis QST713(BS QST713)의 단독, 살균제와 혼합 및 교호처리하여 인삼 점무늬병의 방제효과를 검정하였다. BS QST713를 10일 간격으로 단독으로 처리했을 때, 인삼 점무늬병에 대한 방제가는 83.3%, azoxystrobin, chlorothalonil copper sulfate basic, copper sulfate basic, kresoxim-methyl, difenoconazole, mancozeb 단독 처리구는 $80.4{\sim}83.7%$로 나타났다. BS QST713와 mancozeb를 혼합하여 14일 간격으로 처리하였을 때의 방제가는 83.6%, BS QST713와 azoxystrobin 혼합 처리구는 82.6%이었으나, difenoconazole, kresoxim-methyl, copper sulfate basic 및 chlorothalonil copper sulfate basic와 혼합 처리구는 $61.1{\sim}76.4%$로 방제효과가 약간 감소하였다. 대전에서 BS QST713와 copper sulfate basic를 10일 간격으로 교호처리시 방제가가 85.9%이었으나, 다른 살균제와의 교호처리 시는 $55.5{\sim}78.2%$로 낮아 졌다. 그러나 무주에서 모든 교호처리에서 방제가가 90% 이상으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과에 의하면 BS QST713의 단독, 혼합 및 교호처리는 살균제의 사용량을 줄일 수 있는 방제법으로 이용될 것이다.

Screening of Seed Disinfectant for Controlling Brown Leaf Blight in Alisma plantago Double Cropping after Early Rice

  • Shin, Dong-Young;Kwon, Byung-Sun;Lim, June-Taeg;Hyun, Kyu-Hwan;Lim, Jung-Mook;Seo, Young-Nam
    • 한국자원식물학회지
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    • 제19권6호
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    • pp.692-696
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    • 2006
  • This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of seed disinfectant, in control of brown leaf blight, growth characteristics, and dry root yield in the cultivation of Alisma plantago after early maturing rice cropping. Experimental plot was laid out in split plots design with three replications. The major seed disinfectants were benomyl Wp, 20%, Captan Wp, 50%, Triferine Ec, 17%, Etridia zole Ec, 25%, and Thioplant-mythyl Wp, 50%. Even though seed disinfectant treated had no effect on the growth and flowering date of Alisma plantago, dry root yield was increased largely with benomyl Wp, 20%, in seed disinfectant than in the other seed disinfectants and contorl. All seed disinfectants had no injury with standard dosage. But all seed disinfectants had slight injury in the double dosage level for the Alisma plantago. On the basis of yield, vegetative and disease paramerer, benomyl Wp (20%) ($100g/20{\ell}$) had shown superior performance, however, all the seed disinfectants are effective as compare to without treatment.

Defense Response and Suppression of Phytophthora Blight Disease of Pepper by Water Extract from Spent Mushroom Substrate of Lentinula edodes

  • Kang, Dae-Sun;Min, Kyong-Jin;Kwak, A-Min;Lee, Sang-Yeop;Kang, Hee-Wan
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제33권3호
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    • pp.264-275
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    • 2017
  • The spent mushroom substrate (SMS) of Lentinula edodes that was derived from sawdust bag cultivation was used as materials for controlling Phytophthora blight disease of pepper. Water extract from SMS (WESMS) of L. edodes inhibited mycelial growth of Phytophthora capsici, suppressed Phytophthora blight disease of pepper seedlings by 65% and promoted growth of the plant over 30%. In high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis, oxalic acid was detected as the main organic acid compound in WESMS and inhibited the fungal mycelium at a minimum concentration of 200 mg/l. In quantitative real-time PCR, the transcriptional expression of CaBPR1 (PR protein 1), CaBGLU (${\beta}$-1,3-glucanase), CaPR-4 (PR protein 4), and CaPR-10 (PR protein 10) were significantly enhanced on WESMS and DL-${\beta}$-aminobutyric acid (BABA) treated pepper leaves. In addition, the salicylic acid content was also increased 4 to 6 folds in the WESMS and BABA treated pepper leaves compared to water treated leaf sample. These findings suggest that WESMS of L. edodes suppress Phytophthora blight disease of pepper through multiple effects including antifungal activity, plant growth promotion, and defense gene induction.

Exserohilum turcicum (Northern Corn Leaf Blight) Severity on Maize Hybrids and the Associated Crop Performance in O.R. Tambo District, Eastern Cape, South Africa

  • Mxolisi Mtyobile;Silindile Miya
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제29권2호
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    • pp.137-144
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    • 2023
  • Exserohilum turcicum is a fungus that causes northern corn leaf blight (NCLB) and has deleterious effects on maize production globally. Therefore, it is prudent to mitigate the effects of NCLB using genetic diversity. The objective of this research was to assess the severity of NCLB disease on the growth and yield of various maize genotypes. A randomized complete block design field experiment, replicated three times, was conducted to evaluate the effect of E. turcicum on 10 maize hybrids. Percent disease index, plant height, and leaf area were recorded at the silk stage. Cob weight, grain fresh weight, and grain yields were determined at harvest maturity. All measured parameters were significantly different (P<0.05) between the maize hybrids. Of the 10 genotypes, four (PAN 4R-528R, PAN 4R-728BR, PAN 3R-724BR, and P1788BR) were susceptible, five (DKC74-74BR, PAN 5R-582R, PAN 5R-890R, PAN 5R-854R, and PAN 5R-590R) were moderately susceptible, and one (DKC80-40BR) was moderately resistant. DKC80-40BR exhibited greater cob weight, while DKC74-74BR was superior in all other plant growth and yield components. Interestingly, although not significant (P>0.05) and high, maize growth and yield parameters had negative correlations with disease incidence, except for grain fresh weight. Therefore, DKC80-40BR may be selected for cultivation in areas prone to NCLB to reduce maize susceptibility to the disease, while DKC74-74BR may improve crop performance. These hybrids could be considered as potential sources of resistance or tolerance to NCLB for further validation by plant breeders.

Pythium aphanidermatum에 의한 Chewing Fescue에 잎마름병 발생 (Occurrence of Pythium Blight Caused by Pythium aphanidermatum on Chewing Fescue)

  • 장태현;이용세
    • Weed & Turfgrass Science
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    • 제2권3호
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    • pp.306-311
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    • 2013
  • Pythium aphanidermatum에 의한 잎마름병(pythium blights)이 chewing fescue "Jamestowm II" 품종에서 2011년 6월 상순에 대구대학교 시험포장에서 발생하였다. 잔디에 발병증상은 잎 끝으로부터 잎마름 증상과 뿌리 썩음증상이 나타나고, 잎색은 진한갈색,회 갈색으로 나타났다. 병원균은 병든 잎과 지제부에서 분리를 하였으며, 동정을 위하여 PDA에서 배양하였다. 균사에는 잎 같은 포자가 복잡한 구조로 부풀어져 있고, 균사로부터 구별되지 않은 실같은 포자낭이 있다. 리보소옴 DNA의 염기서열을 분석한 결과, 유전자은행 DB에 P. aphanidermatum 균주 와의 100% 상동성을 나타낸다는 것을 확인하였다. 병원성은 chewing fescue, creeping bentgrass 및 Kentucky bluegrass에서 코흐의 원칙에 따라 확인하였다. 이것은 chewing fescue 종에서 P. aphanidermatum 에 의한 잎마름병을 국내에서 처음보고 한다.

매문병 ( Helminthosporium turcium PASS ) 에 감염된 수단그라스의 양적.질적 피해에 관한 연구 (Studies on the Qualitative and Quantitative Damage of Sudangrass In fected with Leaf Blight ( Helminthosporium turcium PASS ))

  • 이상범;김정갑;김봉구;한흥전;양종성
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제6권1호
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    • pp.65-70
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    • 1986
  • 본시험(本試驗)은 sudangrass의 Piper를 공시품종(供試品種)으로 하고 질소수준(窒素水準)을 20, 30 및 40kg/10a으로 하여 난괴법(亂魁法) 4반복(反復)으로 1984년(年) 축산시험장(畜産試驗場) 사료작물시험포(飼料作物試驗圃)에서 실시(實施)하였다. Sudangrass에 발생(發生)하는 주요(主要) 병원균(病原菌)을 분잡(分雜) 동정(同定)하고 이중 매문병(煤紋病)의 이병정도(罹病程度)에 따른 양적(量的) 및 질적손실(質的損失)을 연구검토(硏究檢討)한 바 그 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. Sudangrass에서 분잡(分雜)된 주요병원균(主要病原菌)은 3종(種)으로 Helminthosporium turcicum과 Collectotricum graminicolum이 동정(同定)되었으며 1종(種)의 병원균(病原菌)의 미동정(未同定)되었다. 2. 매문병(煤紋病)(Helminthosporium turcicum PASS)은 6월(月) 20일(日) 조사(調査)에서 처음 확인(確認)되었으며 $7{\sim}9$월(月)의 고온기(高溫期)에 심(甚)하게 발생(發生)되었다. 1차생육기(次生育期)보다 예취후(刈取後)의 재생식생(再生植生)에서 매문병발생(煤紋病發生)이 심(甚)하게 나타났으며 질소시비량(窒素施肥量)과 이병율간(罹病率間)에는 정(正)(+)의 상관(相關)이 있었다(P<0.01). 3. 매문병발생(煤紋病發生)으로 생초(生草) 및 건물수량(乾物收量)은 크게 감소(減少)해 각각(各各) 47% 및 38%의 손실(損失)이 있었다. 4. 조지방(粗脂肪) 및 조단백질함량(粗蛋白質含量)은 매문병(煤紋病)이 발생(發生)된 식물(植物)에서 감소(減少)되었으나 조회분(粗灰分), 조규산(粗珪散) 및 리그닌함량(含量)은 이병율(罹病率)이 증가(增加)됨에 따라 비례적(比例的)으로 증가(增加)하였다. 또한 건물(乾物) 및 유기물소화율(有機物消化率)은 이병율(罹病率)이 증가(增加)됨에 따라 감소(減少)되었다(P<0.01).

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Inhibitory Effects of Resveratrol and Piceid against Pathogens of Rice Plant, and Disease Resistance Assay of Transgenic Rice Plant Transformed with Stilbene Synthase Gene

  • Yu, Sang-Mi;Lee, Ha Kyung;Jeong, Ui-Seon;Baek, So Hyeon;Noh, Tae-Hwan;Kwon, Soon Jong;Lee, Yong Hoon
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제19권3호
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    • pp.177-182
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    • 2013
  • Resvestrol has been known to inhibit bacterial and fungal growth in vitro, and can be accumulated in plant to concentrations necessary to inhibit microbial pathogens. Hence, stilbene synthase gene has been used to transform to synthesize resveratrol in heterologous plant species to enhance resistance against pathogens. In the present study, we investigated the antimicrobial activities of resveratrol and piceid to bacterial and fungal pathogens, which causing severe damages to rice plants. In addition, disease resistance was compared between transgenic rice varieties, Iksan 515 and Iksan 526 transformed with stlibene synthase gene and non-transgenic rice varieties, Dongjin and Nampyeong. Minimum inhibitory concentration of resveratrol for Burkolderia glumae was 437.5 ${\mu}M$, and the mycelial growth of Biplaris oryzae was slightly inhibited at concentration of 10 ${\mu}M$. However, other bacterial and fungal pathogens are not inhibited by resveratrol and piceid. The expression of the stilbene synthase gene in Iksan 515 and Iksan 526 did not significantly enhanced resistance against bacterial grain rot, bacterial leaf blight, sheath blight, and leaf blight. This study is the first report on the effect of resveratrol and piceid against pathogens of rice plant, and changes of disease resistance of transgenic rice plants transformed with stilbene synthase gene.

Protox 저해 제초제 내성 형질전환 벼(CPPO06)에서의 병 발생 조사 (Disease Assessment in Transgenic Rice (CPPO06) Resistant to the Protox-inhibiting Herbicide)

  • 김가혜;이호택;박세정;김아형;권현욱;김주형;김흥태
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.24-28
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    • 2012
  • Protox 유전자를 형질전환하여 protox 저해 제초제에 대한 내성이 증가한 벼를 모품종인 동진벼와 다른 벼 품종인 일품벼, 추청벼, 온누리벼와 같이 충북 청원, 경기 수원 그리고 전남 광주에 있는 형질전환 작물 격리포장에서 재배하면서 포장에서 발생하는 다양한 식물병을 조사하여 식물병원균에 대한 감수성 정도를 비교하였다. 충북 청원 포장에서는 벼 도열병, 깨씨무늬병, 잎집무늬마름병, Fusarium 마름증상 등이 발생하였다. 하지만 수원 포장에서는 깨씨무늬병이 거의 발생하지 않았고, 다른 포장에서 볼 수 없었던 이삭누룩병의 발생이 CCPO6벼와 온누리벼에서 0.28%와 0.37%의 발병수율을 보였다. 광주 포장에서는 깨씨무늬병의 발생이 다른 병보다 심하게 나타났다. 하지만 모든 포장에서 Fusarium에 의한 마름증상을 제외하고 벼 품종간에 있어서 발생량에 차이는 보이지 않았다. Fusarium에 의한 마름증상은 다른 벼 품종보다도 제초제를 처리하거나 처리하지 않은 CCPO6벼에서 높은 발병주율을 보였다.