• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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• 1998.06b
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• pp.154-159
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• 1998

It is difficult and important for virtual studio systems and media-art products to be designed effective interactions between a performance person, who appears in the studio, and virtual studio equipments, and, an appreciation person and artistic products. The difficulties originate with originate with no even-grained component and no framework of interaction design work. In this article, a layered authoring model is proposed in order to facilitate system designers and artists to construct the system more easily and flexibly using fine-grained media components. And some experimental interactive virtual environments based on the model are shown.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.76-78
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• 2008

A series of the long-chain iron(II) alkylsulfonate hydrates were synthesized via self-assembly of surfactant alkyl chains in aqueous medium. Reaction of iron(II) salts with n-alkylsulfonate yields lamellar $Fe(CnH2n+1SO3)2{\cdot}4H_2O$. These compounds show a layered structure, as determined by XRD, consisting of alternating organic alkylsulfonate layers and inorganic iron(II) hydrate layers, with interlayer distances of upto 3.2 nm. This lamellar structure may be attributed to the amphiphilic nature of the surfactants, mediating the coordination and H-bionding interactions, and the hydrophobic alkyl chains. An alkyl chain packing of present system are differ from those of similar Cu(II) series, which are attributed from the size of hydrated metal(II) ions.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.493-498
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• 2012

Objective: The purpose of this study is to suggest the hierarchical structure with three layers of input task, input interaction, and input device. Background: Understanding the input interaction is very helpful to design an interface design. Method: We made a model of three layered input structure based on empirical approach and applied to a gesture interaction in TV. Result: We categorized the input tasks into six elementary tasks which are select, position, orient, text, and quantify. The five interactions described in this paper could accomplish the full range of input interaction, although the criteria for classification were not consistent. We analyzed the Microsoft kinect with this structure. Conclusion: The input interactions of command, 4 way, cursor, touch, and intelligence are basic interaction structure to understanding input system. Application: It is expected the model can be used to design a new input interaction and user interface.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.44 no.12
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• pp.883-892
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• 2021

Genome-wide chromosome conformation capture (3C)-based high-throughput sequencing (Hi-C) has enabled identification of genome-wide chromatin loops. Because the Hi-C map with restriction fragment resolution is intrinsically associated with sparsity and stochastic noise, Hi-C data are usually binned at particular intervals; however, the binning method has limited reliability, especially at high resolution. Here, we describe a new method called HiCORE, which provides simple pipelines and algorithms to overcome the limitations of single-layered binning and predict core chromatin regions with three-dimensional physical interactions. In this approach, multiple layers of binning with slightly shifted genome coverage are generated, and interacting bins at each layer are integrated to infer narrower regions of chromatin interactions. HiCORE predicts chromatin looping regions with higher resolution, both in human and Arabidopsis genomes, and contributes to the identification of the precise positions of potential genomic elements in an unbiased manner.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.48-49
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• 2010

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.149-156
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• 2010

The objective of this study was to investigate microbial removal using layered double hydroxides (LDHs) and iron (hydr)oxides (IHs) immobilized onto granular media. Column experiments were performed using calcium alginate beads (CA beads), LDHs entrapped in CA beads (LDH beads), quartz sand (QS), iron hydroxide-coated sand (IHCS) and hematite-coated sand (HCS). Microbial breakthrough curves were obtained by monitoring the effluent, with the percentage of microbial removal and collector efficiency then quantified from these curves. The results showed that the LDH beads were ineffective for the removal of the negatively-charged microbes (27.7% at 1 mM solution), even though the positively-charged LDHs were contained on the beads. The above could be related to the immobilization method, where LDH powders were immobilized inside CA beads with nano-sized pores (about 10 nm); therefore, micro-sized microbes (E. coli = 1.21 ${\mu}m$) could not diffuse through the pores to come into contact with the LDHs in the beads, but adhere only to the exterior surface of the beads via polymeric interaction. IHCS was the most effective in the microbial removal (86.0% at 1 mM solution), which could be attributed to the iron hydroxide coated onto the exterior surface of QS had a positive surface charge and, therefore, effectively attracted the negatively-charged microbes via electrostatic interactions. Meanwhile, HCS was far less effective (35.6% at 1 mM solution) than IHCS because the hematite coated onto the external surface of QS is a crystallized iron oxide with a negative surface charge. This study has helped to improve our knowledge on the potential application of functional granular media for microbial removal.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.61-75
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• 2008

A script language, which represents and controls avatar behaviors in a natural language style, is especially remarkable, because it can provide a fast and easy way to develop an animation scenario script. However, the studies that consider avatar behavior interactions with various virtual objects and intuitive interface techniques to design scenario script have been lack. Therefore, we proposed a context-based avatar-object behavior model and layered script language. The model defines context-based elements to solve ambiguity problems that occur in abstract behavior interface and it provides user interface to control avatar in the object-based approach. Also, the proposed avatar behavior script language consisted of a layered structure that represents domain user interface, motion sequence, and implement environment information at each level. Using the proposed methods, the user can conveniently and quickly design an avatar-object behavior scenario script.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.751-775
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• 2006

In this paper, we suggested an avatar control technique using the high-level behavior. We separated behaviors into three levels according to level of abstraction and defined layered scripts. Layered scripts provide the user with the control over the avatar behaviors at the abstract level and the reusability of scripts. As the 3D environment gets complicated, the number of required avatar behaviors increases accordingly and thus controlling the avatar-object behaviors gets even more challenging. To solve this problem, we embed avatar behaviors into each environment object, which informs how the avatar can interact with the object. Even with a large number of environment objects, our system can manage avatar-object interactions in an object-oriented manner Finally, we suggest an easy-to-use user interface technique that allows the user to control avatars based on context menus. Using the avatar behavior information that is embedded into the object, the system can analyze the object state and filter the behaviors. As a result, context menu shows the behaviors that the avatar can do. In this paper, we made the virtual presentation environment and applied our model to the system. In this paper, we suggested the technique that we controling an the avatar control technique using the high-level behavior. We separated behaviors into three levels byaccording to level of abstract levelion and defined multi-levellayered script. Multi-leveILayered script offers that the user can control avatar behavior at the abstract level and reuses script easily. We suggested object models for avatar-object interaction. Because, TtThe 3D environment is getting more complicated very quickly, so that the numberss of avatar behaviors are getting more variableincreased. Therefore, controlling avatar-object behavior is getting complex and difficultWe need tough processing for handling avatar-object interaction. To solve this problem, we suggested object models that embedded avatar behaviors into object for avatar-object interaction. insert embedded ail avatar behaviors into object. Even though the numbers of objects areis large bigger, it can manage avatar-object interactions by very efficientlyobject-oriented manner. Finally Wewe suggested context menu for ease ordering. User can control avatar throughusing not avatar but the object-oriented interfaces. To do this, Oobject model is suggested by analyzeing object state and filtering the behavior, behavior and context menu shows the behaviors that avatar can do. The user doesn't care about the object or avatar state through the related object.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.146-160
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• 2023

Purpose: The construction industry is a complex mechanism in which multiple processes are carried out at the same time, and the frequency and severity of accidents account for a higher proportion than other industries, and the accident fatality rate also accounts for more than 50% of all industries. In order to reduce such accidents, the government's disaster investigation method analyzes the limitations from the system safety point of view and proposes improvement plans. Method: The main contents of the government's serious accident investigation were identified, and the effectiveness/adequacy was analyzed from the system safety point of view. Result: Disaster investigation and analysis techniques tailored to violations and compliance were limited in providing fundamental solutions, and alternatives for accident prevention were possible for each component of the system when safety constraints, controls, and hierarchical interactions were combined. Conclusion: When combining the disaster investigation and analysis method from the current accident analysis method from the perspective of system safety, it is possible to identify the problems of interaction by class and communication process, so it is possible to suggest alternatives to prevent accidents from an integrated perspective.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.263-278
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• 2014

The spudcan requires the suitable design considering the soil, platform, and environmental conditions. Its shape needs to be designed to secure sufficient reaction of soil so that it can prevent overturning accidents. Its shape also has to minimize the installation and extraction time. Even in the same soil condition, the reaction of soil may be different depending on the shape of spud can, mainly the slope of top and bottom plates. Therefore, in this study, the relation between the slope of plates and the reaction of soil with and without water jetting is analyzed to better understand their interactions and correlations. For the investigation, a wind turbine installation jack-up rig (WTIJ) is selected as the target platform and the Gulf of Mexico is considered as the target site. A multi layered (sand overlying two clays) soil profile is applied as the assumed soil condition and the soil-structure interaction (SSI) analysis is performed by using ANSYS to analyze the effect of the slope change of the bottom plate and water jetting on the reaction of soil. This kind of investigation and simulation is needed to develop optimal and smart spudcan with water-jetting control in the future.