• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.39-52
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between lumbar lordotic angle and the power of trunk flexors, extensors in normal adults Methods : 34 normal participants participated in this study. Their lumbar lordotic angle(L1-S1 Cobb's angle and L1-L5 cobb's angle) was measured by x-ray taken on lateral direction, erect cross-arm position. And muscle power of trunk flexors and extensors of each participant measured using Cybex HUMAC NORM. Results : 1. The average of L1-S1 Cobb's angle was $47.21{\pm}8.88^{\circ}$ and the average of L1-L5 Cobb's angle was $36.32{\pm}9.62^{\circ}$(Table IV). 2. The average ratio of trunk flexors/extensors was $6.44{\pm}19.31%$(Table V). The average power of the trunk flexors was $165.18{\pm}55.05$(Newton-Meter/kg), and the power of trunk extensors was $257.18{\pm}85.53$ (Newton-Meter/kg)(Table VI). 3. Lumbar lordotic angle has no relation to the ratio of trunk flexors/extensors(Table VII, Fig. 4). 4. Lumbar lordotic angle has no relation to both the power of the trunk flexors and extensors(Table VIII, Fig. 5, Fig. 6). Conclusions : These results suggest that the lumbar lordotic angle measured by radiograph could not evaluate the power and ratio of trunk flexors, extensors.

• 한국자동차공학회논문집
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.72-81
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• 2014

In this study, we perform the optimization of trailing arm bush in a vehicle rear suspension to improve the ride and handling performance. A design problem was formulated considering 2 objective functions and 7 constraints related to vehicle ride and handling performance. PIAnO, one of the PIDO (Process Integration and Design Optimization) tool, was used to automate analysis procedures and perform a design optimization. In order to assess relation between performances and design variables, we perform the DOE (Design of Experiments). To find the optimal solution, we used Progressive quadratic response surface method (PQRSM), one of the design optimization techniques equipped in PIAnO. As an optimization result, we got an optimal solution and could improve lateral force steer off-center by 43.0% while decreasing brake compliance at wheel center by 8.1%.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.95-98
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• 2010

Purpose: One of the most common cause of upper extremity lymphedema is breast cancer surgery. We experienced the nerve entrapment syndrome which was associated with postmastectomy lymphedema. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of lymphedema induced nerve entrapment syndrome on upper extremity in Korea. Methods: A 54-year-old woman presented with a tingling sensation on her right hand, which had been present for 1 year. On her history, she had a postmastectomy lymphedema on her right upper extremity for 20 years. Initial electromyography (EMG) showed that the ampulitude of the median, ulnar, and dorsal ulnar cutaneous nerve were decreased, and conduction block was also seen in median nerve across the wrist. In needle EMG, incomplete interference patterns were observed in the muscles innervated by median and ulnar nerves. In conclusion, electrophysiologic study and clinical findings suggested right median and ulnar neuropathy below the elbow. Therefore, we performed surgical procedures, which were release of carpal tunnel, Guyon's canal, and cubital tunnel. Results: The postoperative course was uneventful until the first two years. The tingling sensation and claw hand deformity were improved, however, the motor function decreased progressively. In 7 years after the operation, patient could not flex her wrist and thumb sufficiently. EMG which was performed recently showed that ulnar motor response was of low ampulitude. Moreover, median, ulnar, dorsal ulnar cutaneous, lateral antecubital cutaneous and median antebrachial cutaneous sensory response were unobtainable. Abnormal spontaneous activities were observed in upper arm muscles. In conclusion, multiple neuropathies were eventually developed at above elbow level. Conclusion: On treating nerve entrapments associated with lymphedema, medical professionals should be fully aware of the possibility of unpredictable results after the surgery, because of the pathophysiologic traits of chronic lymphedema.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제27권12호
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• pp.1008-1014
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• 1994

Increased interest in alternative approach to thoractomy has developed because of the considerable morbidity associated with the standard posterolateral thoracotomy[ST]. Muscle sparing thoracotomy is appeared as excellent alternative because of less postoperative pain and morbidity than standard posterolateral one. Vertical axillary muscle sparing thoracotomy[VM] is the newly revised modified muscle sparing thoracotomy that overcomes the disadvantages of previous lateral muscle sparing thoracotomy such as seroma, cosmetic problems, and need of subcutaneous drains. We conducted a prospective study of 45 consecutive patients to compare postoperative pain, muscle strength of serratus anterior and latissimus dorsi, and range of motion of the shoulder girdle between ST and VM group. There were no difference in preoperative status, surgical procedure, morbidity, mortality and hospital stay between two groups. But there were significant less postoperative narcotics requirements, more preserved latissimus dorsi and serratus anterior muscle strength, nd larger range of motion of shoulder girdle [ especially flexion and internal rotation in VM group. The opening time was prolonged[p<0.01] but closing time was less in VM group [p<0.01]. The sum of opening and closing time was not different in two group. The length of incision line was shorter in VM group. The vertical skin incision was concealed by the upper arm.In conclusion vertical axillary muscle sparing thoracotomy is good alternative for various intrathoracic procedures with less postoperative pain, well preserved muscle strength,increased range of motion of the shoulder girdle and impressive cosmetic outcome.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.809-814
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• 1997

마약성 진통제와 국소마취제에 의한 지속적 경막외마취는 개흉술후 통증감소를 위한 방법으로 널리 사용되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 지난 1994년 1월부터 1995년 7월까지 본원 흉부외과에서 츠방 혹은 후측방 개흉술을 받은 환자 38명을 대상으로 19명씩 실험군과 대조군으로 구분하여 실험군에 경막외마취를 시행하여 그 효과를 조사하였다. 먼저 lidocaine과 norphine을 섞어 경막서 지속적 외도관을 통해 주사하고 그후 bupivacaine과 morphine을 섞어 술후 5∼6일간 지속투여를 하였다. 대조군에 비해 실험군에서 환자의 통증수치와 상지거상능력과 호흡수는 주사추 30분부터 통계적으로 의미 있게 변화되어 술후 통증이 경감되고 있음을 알 수 있었고, 말초동맥혈 이산화탄소분압은 2시간 후부터 통계적으로 의미 있게 줄어들어 환자가 효과적인 호흡을 하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 술후 재원기간도 의미 있게 줄어들었다. 경막외마취의 주요한 합병증으로는 뇨정체가 있었으나 심각하지는 않았다. 이상의 결과로 우리는 개흉술후 경막외마취가 우수한 통증완화 효과가 있어 술후 폐합병증을 예방하고 술후 빠른 회복에도 좋은 영향을 미치는 것으로 생각한다.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.137-149
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• 1994

This study was performed to investigate the relationship between Forward Head Posture(FHP) and Craniomandlbular Disorders(CMDs). Many studies reported that there was some relationship between them, however, there is still controversy. So It Is necessary to observe and compare many more patients with CMDs wirh normal controls. For the study 85 patients with CMDs and 37 dental students were selected as experimentals and controls, respectively. And the experimentals were classified Into two groups, that is, TMJ internal derangement group and muscle disorders group according to clinical diagnosis. For measuring the FHP, CROM(Cervical-Range-of-Notion)was used. This goniometer is composed of three part. First, gravity goniometer for flexion and extension. Second, magnetic compass and yoke for rotational movement. And last, forward head arm and vertebra locator for forward head posture. Next T-Scan, electronic occlusal analyzer, was used for recording of occlusal contact state. Other items such as maximum opening, lateral excursion, Helkimo's anamnestic index, and muscle palpation point from Friction's craniomandibular index were checked clinically by one examiner. The result of this study were as follows : 1. In male, control group showed much more measurement in resting forward head posture than did experimental group. But there were not significant differences between groups in female subject. From this results, the author contended that CROM is new measuring system and differ from other goniometers in some aspect, so that results should be re-evaluated 2. Mean value of maximum mouth opening in nearly all groups were greater than 40mm. and mouth opening had a significant correlation with occlusal force and with anamnestic index both sex. 3. Mean value of palpation point had not any correlationship with forward head posture in both sex, but there was significant difference between upper and lower group by rounded shouldes. 4. In summary, there was no significant relationship between forward head posture and sign and symptom of Craniomandibular Disorders.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.21-35
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• 2012

In consideration of the injuries and deaths occurring at manufacturing sites due to the use of inappropriate work clothes or safety devices, this study aims to categorize manufacturing work processes to develop functional work clothes for heavy industries including the automobile, machine and shipbuilding industries in South Korea. Defining the features of the work environments and work postures of these industries provided for a categorization of the work processes which would enable the development of suitable work clothes for each work process' category. The results of the study based on a questionnaire survey are as follows: Work process category 1, including steel panel pressing and auto body assembly, final inspection (in automobile) and inspection (in machine), requires work clothes with upper body and arm mobility and performance to protect from the toxic fume factor. Work process category 2, consisting of welding (in automobile), cutting-and-forming (in machine) and attachment-and-construction (in shipbuilding), requires clothing elasticity, durability and heat and fire resistance. Work process category 3 comprising welding and grinding in the machine and shipbuilding industries, requires work clothes' tear resistance and elasticity, particularly for lateral bending mobility, and work clothes' sleeves' and pants' hemlines with sealed designs to defend against iron filing penetration, as well as incombustible and heat-resistant material performance. Finally, work process category 4, including painting in machine and shipbuilding, requires work clothes with waterproofing, air permeability, thermal performance, elasticity, durability and abrasion resistance.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양정보통신학회 2006년도 춘계종합학술대회
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• pp.324-327
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• 2006

언어 장애를 가진 사람들 중에서는 언어 장애와 더불어 신체적인 장애를 동반하는 경우도 있다. 특히, 루게릭병이라 불리는 ALS병을 가진 사람들의 경우는 시간이 지날수록 장애의 정도가 변하여, 간병인 혹은 주변의 가족들과의 의사소통이 되었던 사람들도 간단한 의사소통도 어려운 상황이 되는 것이 보편적인 경우이다. 따라서 본 연구개발에서는 루게릭병으로 의사소통이 어려운 분들을 대상으로 의사소통할 수 있는 시스템을 설계 및 구현하였다. 본 시스템은 이러한 사람들의 원활한 의사소통을 위한 것으로, 사용빈도가 높은 단어들을 미리 입력해두고 선택함으로써 의사를 전달하거나, 화상키보드를 통해 확장된 언어를 구현할 수 있도록 한다. 또한 신체의 불편함으로 인해 기존 입력인터페이스를 사용하지 못할 경우를 대비하여 마우스의 클릭이라는 간단한 입력만으로 화면의 내용을 선택할 수 있도록 하였다. 마지막으로 본 논문에서는 이러한 기능들의 구현 및 그 방법에 대해 논해보고, 향후 발전될 방향을 살펴보았다.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.209-222
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• 2013

800MPa급 강재와 100MPa급 콘크리트를 적용한 매입형 합성기둥에 대하여 편심압축실험을 수행하였다. 강재단면의 모멘트팔길이와 변형(응력)을 증가시켜 고강도강재의 성능활용을 극대화할 수 있도록, ㄱ형 강재단면을 네 모서리에 집중 배치한 후, 래티스철근, 링크철근, 띠판을 이용하여 일체화하였다. 이 경우 강재단면의 강력한 횡구속효과로 인해 심부콘크리트의 성능도 개선된다. 실험결과 ㄱ형 강재 매입형 기둥은 H형 강재 매입형 기둥에 비하여 최대강도와 유효휨강성이 1.4배 이상 증가하였다.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.271-275
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• 2013

어깨뼈 검사는 일상생활, 스포츠 활동 시에 어깨관절의 후측부나, 후외측부에 강한 외력이 가해서 발생하는 직접외상에 의한 경우와 상완부에 주로 외전, 신전, 외회전력이 가해져 어깨관절 탈구 등 병변의 유무를 관찰하는데 유용하게 사용되고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 어깨관절 후전사방향촬영(shoulder PA oblique projection, scapula Y-view)의 촬영각도에 따른 영상의 왜곡을 방지하고 방사선학적 진단에 가장 유용한 촬영 각도를 알아보고자 하였다. 어깨뼈체부와 봉우리(acromion) 및 부리돌기(coracoid process)는 Y자를 이루게 되는데 $10^{\circ}$에서는 어깨뼈와 봉우리사이의 각도가 협착되어 나타나고, $20^{\circ}{\sim}25^{\circ}$에서는 Y자에 위팔뼈머리가 겹쳐 보이며, 어깨관절과의 위치도 적절해 보였다. $35^{\circ}$에서는 위팔뼈머리가 Y자에 겹쳐 보이지만, 위팔뼈머리와 어깨관절이 왜곡되어 보였다. 환자체위는 $45^{\circ}$ 거상시킬 때 가장 적합한 측면상을 관찰되며, 봉우리(acromion) 및 부리돌기(coracoid process)도 Y 자를 이루었다.