• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.spc1
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• pp.46-50
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the proper nitrogen fertilizer level at reclaimed saline land in the southwestern area of Korea from 2002 to 2004. The rice cultivars tested were Samcheonbyeo(Early maturing one), Nampyeongbyeo (Medium maturing one) and Hwaseongbyeo(Mid-late maturing one). The results aye summarized as follows: The more the nitrogen level, the more number of panicle and spikelet per unit area was. But, ripened grain rate and 1000-grain weight were decreased at higher nitrogen level. As higher nitrogen level, head rice rate was decreased and protein content was increased. But, amylose content wasn't differ among the nitrogen fertilizer application levels. As increase nitrogen level in head rice yield increased up to 12 kg/10a, 11 kg/10a, in Samcheonbyeo, Hwaseongbyeo and Nampyeongbyeo, respectively. But there wasn't different more than it. Consequently, considering the yield of head rice, ripened grain rate and rice quality. The proper nitrogen fertilizer application level was 11-12 kg/10a at reclaimed saline land in the southwestern area of Korea.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.spc1
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• pp.56-61
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• 2005

This study was carried out to elucidate the proper nitrogen application level considering rice quality in Honam plain area from 2002 to 2004 at the paddy field of Honam Agricultural Research Institute. The rice cultivars tested were Samcheonbyeo (Early maturing one), Hwaseongbyeo (Medium maturing one) and Nampyeongbyeo (Mid-late maturing one). The results are summarized as follows: The higher amount of nitrogen application resulted in greater number of panicle and grain in per unit area, but the rate of ripening and the 1,000-grain weight of brown rice decreased. The protein contents showed a tendency of increase with higher nitrogen level. The head rice yield increased by the higher nitrogen application up to 7 kg/10a for Samcheonbyeo and Hwaseongbyeo, and 9 kg/10a for Nampyeongbyeo respectively. The appropriate nitrogen application amounts, with respect to the yield of head rice, the rate of ripening and the quality of rice were found to be in range of 7 to 9 kg/10a.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.spc1
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• pp.62-68
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• 2005

The characters associated with the rice quality and the factors as the proper harvesting time of rice were examined from 2002 to 2004 at Iksan in Honam plaine area. The rice cultivars tested were Samcheonbyeo (Early maturing one). Hwaseongbyeo(Medium maturing one) and Nampyeongbyeo(Mid-late maturing one). The ripened grain rates were high when the harvesting dates after heading were between 50 to 55 days,55 to 60 days, and 60 days for Samcheonbyeo, Hwaseongbyeo and Nampyeongbyeo, respectively. The yield of rice were higher when harvested 45 to 50 days, 50 to 55 days, and 55 to 60 days after heading for Samcheonbyeo, Hwaseongbyeo and Nampyeongbyeo. The highest yields of head rice were obtained when harvested 45 days after heading, 50 days and 55 to 60 days for Samcheonbyeo, Hwaseongbyeo and Nampyeongbyeo. In conclusion, in Honam plain, taking the head rice production, rice quality level, protein content and palatability of rice into account, the best harvest times were found to be 52 days(accumulated temp. : $1,213^{\circ}C$) after heading, 56 days$(1,221^{\circ}C)$, and 60 days $(1,207^{\circ}C)$, for Samcheonbyeo, Hwaseongbyeo and Nampyeongbyeo, respectively.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.413-417
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• 1993

This study was conducted to breed various cytoplasmic genetic male sterile (CGMS) and restorer lines with backgrounds of Korean japonica rice varieties. The CGMS line BT-CMS was crossed with the restorer line AR-3. The fertile $F_1 was emasculated and crossed with the Korean japonica rice varieties of the early maturing Sobaegbyeo, Odaebyeo, Gwanagbyeo and Daeseongbyeo, and of the medium maturing Hwajinbyeo, Paldal, Suwon 224 and Iri 386, and of the late maturing Nagdongbyeo, Palkweng, Hwacheongbyeo and Milyang 97. Each of the three way cross $F_{1S} was segregated into fertile and sterile individuals. The sterile individuals in each cross were discarded and the fertile individuals were emasculated and backcrossed with the Korean japonica rice varieties. The same process was applied from BC$_1$F$_1$ to BC$_4$F$_1$ generation. In the ${BC_4}{F_1}of each cross, the male sterile individual was crossed with the recurrent Korean japonica variety which was maintainer of male sterility. The male sterile lines of ${BC_6}{F_1}were named as Sobaegbyeo R, Odaebyeo R, Gwanagbyeo R, etc. The fertile individuals homozygous in pollen fertility were selected from the ${BC_4}{F_2}generation and named as Sobaegbyeo R, Odaebyeo R, Gwanagbyeo R, etc. Agronomic characteristics of the CGMS, restorer lines with backgrounds of Korean japonica, and the recurrent Korean japonica rice varieties grown in the field condition were compared. Culm length of the CGMS lines tended to be shorter than that of the recurrent parent, however no significant differences in heading date, panicle length and yield component were found among the CGMS, restorer and recurrent lines.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.31-35
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• 2015

This experiment was carried out to breed a very early-maturing variety of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in the Grassland and Forage Crops Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan, Korea from 2012 to 2014. New variety "Greenfarm3ho" is a diploid variety with a green leaf color, a semi-erect growth habit in late autumn/fall, and an erect growth habit in early spring. With a heading date of April 27, Greenfarm3ho was categorized as an early-maturing variety. Compared with the "Greenfarm" control variety, Greenfarm3ho's flag-leaf width was narrower by 0.5 mm, its flag-leaf length was longer by 4.4 cm, and its plant length was longer by 3 cm; additionally, Greenfarm3ho's stem thickness was 0.1 mm thicker and it showed winter hardiness. The dry matter (DM) yield (8,976 kg/ha) of Greenfarm3ho was similar to that of Greenfarm. The in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), total digestible nutrient (TDN), and crude protein (CP) of Greenfarm3ho were 70.0%, 64.1%, and 1.0%, respectively, which are higher than those of Greenfarm by 2.9%, 2.0%, and 1.4%, respectively. The acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) content of Greenfarm3ho were 31.4% and 53.3%, respectively, which are lower than those of Greenfarm by 2.5% and 3.0%, respectively.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.9-14
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• 2011

This experiment was carried out to breed a very early maturing variety of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in Grassland and Forage Crops Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan from 2009 to 2010. A new variety, 'Green farm' is a diploid variety with green in leaf color and has erect and semi-erect growth habit in late autumn and early spring, respectively. 'Green farm' was on 28 April in heading date as a early-maturing variety. 'Green farm' was also wider by 0.4 mm in flag leaf width, longer by 0.8 cm in flag leaf length and shorter by 5 cm in plant height than those of control variety, 'Florida 80', respectively. 'Green farm' was thicker in stem thickness and stronger in winter hardness than those of the 'Florida 80'. Dry matter (DM) yield (11,790 kg/ha) of 'Green farm' was similar to that of 'Florida 80'. In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), total digestible nutrient (TDN) and crude protein (CP) of 'Green farm' were 68.7, 63.3 and 10.3% which are 1.9, 1.7 and 0.6% higher than those of 'Florida 80', respectively. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of 'Green farm' were 32.5 and 54.6% which are 2.2 and 4.3% lower than those of the 'Florida 80', respectively.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.10-14
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• 2013

This experiment was carried out to breed an early maturing variety of Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) in the Grassland and Forage Crops Division, National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Cheonan from 2009 to 2011. A new variety, 'Green farm II' is a diploid with green leaves and has a semi-erect growth habit in late autumn and erect growth habit in early spring, respectively. 'Green farm II' was on the $28^{th}$ of April in the heading date as an early-maturing variety. 'Green farm II' was also wider by 0.6 mm in flag leaf width, shorter by 1 cm in flag leaf length and shorter by 1 cm in plant length than those of the control variety, 'Florida 80', respectively. 'Green farm II' was thicker by 0.7 mm in stem thickness and strong in winter hardness. Dry matter (DM) yield (11,452 kg/ha) of 'Green farm II' was similar to that of 'Florida 80'. In vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), total digestible nutrients (TDN), and relative feed value (RFV) of 'Green farm II' were 70.6%, 63.9%, and 114% higher than those of 'Florida 80', respectively. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of 'Green farm II' were 31.7% and 52.6% which were 3.5% and 6.4% lower than those of 'Florida 80', respectively.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.435-441
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• 2005

This experiment was conducted to identify the proper time of transplanting at Iksan plain area in Honam area from 2002 to 2004. The rice cultivars tested were Samcheonbyeo, Nampyeongbyeo and Hwaseong­byeo. The results are summarized as follows: The number of spikelets were most when transplanted on May 30 in all maturing types at southern plain. The ripened grain rates vary depending on location and transplanting dates. The proper time of transplanting for both of Samcheonbyeo and Nampyeongbyeo was between May 30 to June 9 and May 30 or later for Hwaseongbyeo. The highest head rice yield was obtained when transplanted on June 9 regard­Bess of the maturing types. The optimum transplanting dates according to maturing types with respect to the yield of head rice, ripened grain rates and the quality for both early and medium type was between May 30 to June 19, for mid-late type between May 30 to June 9.

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.115-120
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• 1995

This experiment was conducted in the paddy field to investigate the influence of bensulfuron (methyl-2-[[[[[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]amino]sulfonil]methyl]benzoate)+butachlor (N-(butoxymethyl)-2-chloro-2',6'-diethyl acetanilide) and bensulfuron+mefenacet(2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yloxy)-N-methylacetanilide) for seedling age of rice with Dongjinbyeo of medium-late-maturing variety, Hwaseongbyeo of medium-maturing variety and Namwonbyeo of early-maturing variety. Two herbicide applications interfered with the early growth of all rice varieties, the root was especially damaged more than the shoot. The phytotoxicity of bensulfuron+butachlor and bensulfuron+mefenacet was not significant statistically and the phytotoxicity of these herbicides for seedling age was apt to be similar, also. Twenty and 35days seedlings of Dongjinbyeo and Hawseongbyeo had more growth amount than 8days seedlings, but Namwonbyeo had opposite trend. The number of maximum tillers in the plots applied herbicides were fewer than untreated control but, the percentage of productive tillers was higher than those. Heading date for Namwonbyeo was delayed 2, 1-2 and 2-3days on 35, 20 and 8days seedlings by herbicide application, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.239-252
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• 2023

Most apple trees in South Korea are grafted on M.9 and M.26 rootstocks; however, these rootstocks are susceptible to fire blight. Although M.7 rootstocks are moderately resistant to fire blight, they tend to exhibit excessive vigor, which is unsuitable for high-density planting, unless weak cultivars are used. This study investigated the vegetative growth, yield, and fruit quality of apple trees grafted onto M.7, M.9, or M.26 rootstocks to assess the feasibility of establishing high-density apple orchards domestically using the M.7 rootstock a period of seven years (1-7 years after planting). Rootstocks were tested using three cultivars with contrasting induced vigor and harvesting times: vigorous and late-maturing 'Fuji,' moderate vigor and middle-maturing 'Hongro,' and low vigor and early-maturing 'Sansa.' The planting density was maintained constant, with 190 trees per 10 a. Primary thinning (leaving only the king fruit on clusters) was performed, whereas secondary thinning (controlling crop load) was not. Vegetative growth, accumulated yield per 10 a, and yield efficiency varied depending on cultivars and rootstocks; however, the cultivars had a more notable effect on fruit quality than the rootstocks. Biennial bearing often occurred in the M.26 rootstock. 'Fuji'/M.7 was overly vigorous for high-density planting. The fruit quality and accumulated yield per 10 a of M.7 were similar to those of M.9 with the 'Hongro' and 'Sansa' cultivars. In particular, 'Hongro'/M.7 did not show tree vigor reduction due to heavy crop load, and the degree of biennial bearing in 'Sansa'/M.7 was not particularly high. These results indicated that high-density apple planting using the M.7 rootstock was achievable using the 'Hongro' and 'Sansa' cultivars.