• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.146-158
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Nd:YAG laser on mechanically exposed pulp of dog by the observation of pulpal inflammatory change and heal process including dentinal bridge, structural changes of fibroblasts of thr remaining vital pulp tissue. In experimental group 1, the exposed pulps were irradiated with Nd:YAG laser(3W, 30Hz, 0.2sec) for $2{\sim}3$ second followed by capped with aluminium tin foil. In group 2 and group 3, the exposed pulps were irradiated with Nd:YAG laser via contact(Group 2) and non-contact(Group 3) methods followed by capped with calciumhydroxide paste. The animal were sacrificed at the intervals of 3, 7, 14 and 30days for histologic evaluation. The results were as follows : 1. The dentinal bridges were formwd more fast and broadly in the experimental group 1 and 2 than other groups, but there were no histologic differences in the degree of their formation among control group, experimental group 1. 2. Odontoblastic activities at amputated pulp was increased in the experimental group 2, 3 than other group but there no histologic difference in the odontblastic activitiy among control group, experimental group 1. 3. The infalmmation was severe at the postoperative 1 week of all groups, but its condition subsideed with time elapsed. At the postoperative 3, 7 days, its condition in experimental group 2, 3 were less severe than in the group 1. 4. There were no histologic differences between the experimental group 2 and 3 according to the degree of dentin bridge formation.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.107-111
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• 2020

Recently, as an aging society progresses, a lot of interest in health and diagnosis is increasing, As the field of various bio-imaging systems for guided surgery capable of accurate diagnosis has emerged as important, a Fluorescence imaging system capable of accurate measurement and real-time confirmation has emerged as an important field. Fluorescence images currently being used are mainly in the NIR-I band, but many studies are in progress in the NIR-II band in order to improve resolution and confirm fluorescence deeply and accurately. In this paper, the difference between NIR-I and NIR-II, optical characteristics, and SBR (signal to background ration) of a fluorescent imaging system, was investigated using the finite element (FEM) method. After confirming, it was confirmed that the SBR was 16.2 times higher in the NIR-II area than in the NIR-I by making the skin phantom and measuring the fluorescence. It is confirmed that the enhancement in SBR of the Fluorescence imaging system is more effective in the NIR-II region than in the NIR-I region and expected to be used in application fields such as guided surgery, bio-sensor and also device which can detect the defect of optical devices.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.58-62
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• 2006

Objective : Development of diagnostic tools has resulted in early detection of thoracic disc herniations[TDH] even when the herniated disc is soft in consistency. In some of the cases, it is considered better not to opt for surgical treatment due to the unduly high morbidity and potential complications associated with conventional approaches. The authors have applied percutaneous endoscopic thoracic discectomy[PETD] technique to soft TDHs in order to avoid the morbidity associated with conventional approaches. Methods : Eight consecutive patients [range, 31 to 75 years] with soft lateral or central TDH [from T2-3 to T11-12] underwent PETD between May 2001 and June 2004. The patient was positioned in a prone position with intravenous sedation and local anesthetic infiltration. The authors introduced a cannula into the thoracic intervertebral foramen using endoscopic foraminoplasty technique. Discectomy was performed with mechanical tools and a laser under continuous endoscopic visualization and flu oroscopic guidance. Functional status was assessed preoperatively and postoperatively using the Oswestry Disability Index[ODI]. Results : The mean ODI scores improved from 52.8 before the surgery to 25.8 at the final follow-up. In cases of myelopathy, long tract signs showed improvement. The mean operative time was 55 minutes, and no patient required conversion to open surgery. Conclusion : The technique allows a smaller incision and less morbidity. Soft TDH is amenable to this minimally invasive approach in selected patients with myeloradiculopathy.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.450-456
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• 2002

Idiopathic tracheal stenosis is a type of benign stenosis that possesses specific characteristics but is of unknown origin. It is a rare disease characterized by extensive fibrosis of a portion of trachea, and predominantly found in women. The lesion presents as circumferential fibrotic stenosis that usually occurs at upper trachea and the subglottic larynx, but lower trachea may also be involved. Diagnosis is made from the clinical characteristics accompanide by compatible pathologic features and by exclusion of other etiologies. Conservative management such as laser resection, dilatation and stent insertion can be tried initially, but surgical resection is recommended for definitive treatment due to frequent restenosis and maintenance problems of conservative approach. We report a case of idiopathic tracheal stenosis treated with tracheal resection and anastomosis followed by insertion of a retrievable stent for immediate relief of airway obstruction.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제40권9호
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• pp.685-695
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• 2017

Obesity and the metabolic disorders that constitute metabolic syndrome are a primary cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Nonetheless, the changes in the proteins and the underlying molecular pathways involved in the relevant pathogenesis are poorly understood. In this study a proteomic analysis of the visceral adipose tissue isolated from metabolically healthy and unhealthy obese patients was used to identify presence of altered pathway(s) leading to metabolic dysfunction. Samples were obtained from 18 obese patients undergoing bariatric surgery and were subdivided into two groups based on the presence or absence of comorbidities as defined by the International Diabetes Federation. Two dimensional difference in-gel electrophoresis coupled with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry was carried out. A total of 28 proteins were identified with a statistically significant difference in abundance and a 1.5-fold change (ANOVA, $p{\leq}0.05$) between the groups. 11 proteins showed increased abundance while 17 proteins were decreased in the metabolically unhealthy obese compared to the healthy obese. The differentially expressed proteins belonged broadly to three functional categories: (i) protein and lipid metabolism (ii) cytoskeleton and (iii) regulation of other metabolic processes. Network analysis by Ingenuity pathway analysis identified the $NF{\kappa}B$, IRK/MAPK and PKC as the nodes with the highest connections within the connectivity map. The top network pathway identified in our protein data set related to cellular movement, hematological system development and function, and immune cell trafficking. The VAT proteome between the two groups differed substantially between the groups which could potentially be the reason for metabolic dysfunction.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• 제10권8호
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• pp.571-576
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• 2016

3D printing has recently been used in various fields. Among various applications, 3D face data must be generated for 3D face printing. A laser scanner is used to acquire 3D face data, but there is a restriction that a person should not move during scanning. In this paper, we propose a 3D face modeling method based on a single image and a face transformation system to use the generated 3D face for virtual cosmetic surgery. We have defined facial feature points from the 3D face database for 3D face data generation. After extracting feature points from a single face image, 3D face of the input face image is generated corresponding to the 3D face feature points defined from the 3D face database. After 3D face modeling, 3D face modification part is applied for use such as virtual cosmetic surgery.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.7-13
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• 2010

Although most researchers agree that platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a good source of autogenous growth factors, its effect on bone regeneration is still controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether increasing angiogenic factors in the human PRP to enhance new bone formation through rapid angiogenesis. MATERIAL AND METHODS. In vitro, the human platelets were activated with application of shear stress, $20\;{\mu}g/ml$ collagen, 2 mM $CaCl_2$ and 10U thrombin/$1\;{\times}\;10^9$ platelets. Level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and platelet microparticle (PMP) in the activated platelets were checked. In the animal study, human angiogenic factors-enriched PRP was tested in 28 athymic rat's cranial critical bone defects with $\beta$-TCP. Angiogenesis and osteogenesis were evaluated by laser Doppler perfusion imaging, histology, dual energy X-ray densinometry, and micro-computed tomography. RESULTS. In vitro, this human angiogenic factors-enriched PRP resulted in better cellular proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. In vivo, increasing angiogenic potential of the PRP showed significantly higher blood perfusion around the defect and enhanced new bone formation around acellular bone graft material. CONCLUSION. Angiogenic factor-enriched PRP leads to faster and more extensive new bone formation in the critical size bone defect. The results implicate that rapid angiogenesis in the initial healing period by PRP could be supposed as a way to overcome short term effect of the rapid angiogenesis.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.83-95
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to analyze, durability of motor effort after finishing rehabilitation program and the influence from the isotonic lumbar region extension exercise after an operation according to the different operation way in invasive degrees. We selected randomly 80 patients who have no complication and musculoskeletal system diseases with finishing the 12 weeks' rehabilitation program after getting laser discectomy, but fail to conservative treatment, about Lumbar HNP, and divided into minimal invasive groups 38 and invasive groups 42 for study. As the results, in minimal invasive group, after finishing cure and 6 months later, the degree of hold muscle of women is much better than that of men. but in Invasive group, that of men is better than that of women, in case of women, the $0^{\circ}$ and $72^{\circ}$ in lumbar flexion angle have weaken or no improvement than before beginning exercise. and muscle force in $72^{\circ}$ in lumbar flexion angle increased to all men and women than before beginning exercise in Minimal invasive group. but in invasive group. it decreased. When analyze the lapsed time in Minimal invasive group, the groups who start the exercise within 3 months are better than the groups who start the exercise above 3 months after an operation the hold muscle degree all angles after finishing cure and 6 months later. Meanwhile, in invasive group, the groups who start the exercise within 3 months are better than the groups who start the exercise above 3 months after an operation about the hold muscle degree in 36-72 of lumbar flexion angle but 0-36 are not good after finishing cure and 6 months later. When analyze BMI in Minimal invasive group, the normal groups are better than the overweight groups about hold muscle degree in all angles after finishing cure and 6 months later.

• Medical Lasers
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.172-178
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• 2020

Background and Objectives This study aimed at examining the effects of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, and low- and high-density lipoprotein (LDL and HDL, respectively) levels in vitro. Materials and Methods A total of 38 serum samples collected in plain (n=10) and heparinized tubes (n=28) were subjected to PBMT at 60 Joules (J)/cm² for 2 min at 810 nm. The glucose and lipid profiles, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and HDL of each sample was measured before and after PBMT. Results A statistically significant increase in glucose levels was observed in the PBMT-sera in 8 out of 10 samples in plain tubes. However, only two samples that were prepared in heparinized tubes showed an increase in glucose levels. The remaining heparinized samples that were exposed to PBMT presented lower glucose values. The treated sera exhibited a fluctuation in the lipid profiles after PBMT. However, high cholesterol levels were evident following PBMT. Similar trends with HDL and LDL in heparinized tubes were evident. Conclusion Together, the findings suggest that photobiomodulation exhibits an effect on glycemic and lipid profiles in vitro. Hence, the use of low-level laser therapy could have therapeutic potential. However, the differences between individual responses appear to indicate that the impact of PBMT may not always be beneficial.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistry
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2021

The attractiveness of the gingiva is determined by its color, shape, and the shape and location of the boundary between the teeth and the gingival tissue. The standards beauty, balance, and health of the gingiva are all different, but the general public would agree that a coral pink gingiva is more beautiful than black or brown gingiva. Hence, one would be able to smile more confidently in public if he or she receives a gingival pigmentation removal surgery that changes the color of black or brown gums to a beautiful pink color with relative simplicity. The color of one's gingiva varies from pale pink to deep bluish purple, depending on many health components. The most prominent among these include the vascular supply, epithelial thickness, the degree of keratinization, and the presence of pigment in the epithelium. Melanin, carotene, reduced hemoglobulin, and oxyhemoglobulin are the main pigments contributing to the normal color of the oral mucosa. The health of one's gingival tissue are essential for an attractive smile. Excessive melanin deposits in the basal and early basal layers of the epithelium stored in the form of melanosomes frequently cause pigmentation. Although there are many different procedures to remove this pigmentation, the it was removed using the Er;YSGG laser. It is my wish that, through this case study, many people