• 보건교육건강증진학회지
• /
• 제6권2호
• /
• pp.23-39
• /
• 1989

There have been a lot of considerable. discussion and debate surrounding the management model in the health insurance management system and opinions regarding the management operating cost. It is a well known fact that there have always been dissenting opinions and debates surrounding the issue. The management operating cost varies according to the scale of the management organization and component members characteristics of the insurance carrier. Therefore, it is necessary to examine and compare the management operating cost to the simulated management models developed to cover those eligible for the health insurance scheme in this country. Since the management operating cost can vary according to the different models of management, four alternative management models have been established based on the critical evaluation of existing theories concerned, as well as on the basis of the survey results and simulation attempts. The first alternative model is the Unique Insurance Carrier Model(Ⅰ) ; desigened to cover all of the people with no classification of insurance qualifications and finances from the source of contribution of the insured, nationwide. The second is the Management Model of Large-scale District Insurance Carrier(Ⅱ) ; this means the Korean society would be divided into 21 large districts; each having its own insurance carrier that would cover the people in that particular district with no classification of insurance qualifications arid finances as in Model I. The third is the Management Model of Insurance Carrier Divided by Area and Classified with Occupation if Largescale (Ⅲ) ; to serve the self-employed in the 21 districts divided as in Model Ⅱ. It would serve the employees and their dependents by separate insurance carriers in large-scale similar to the area of the district-scale for the self-employed, so that the insurance qualifications and finances would be classified with each of the insurance carriers: The last is the Management Model of the Multi - insurance Carrier (Ⅳ) based on the Si. Gun. Gu area which will cover their own self- employed people in the area with more than 150 additional insurance carriers covering the employees and their dependents. The manpower necessary to provide services to all of the people according to the four models is calculated through simulation trials. It indicates that the Management Model of Large-scale District Insurance Carrier requires the most manpower among the four alternative models. The unit management operating costs per the insured individuals and covered persons are leveled with several intervals based on the insurance recipients. in their characteristics. The interval levels derived from the regression analysis reveal that the larger the scale of the insurance carriers is in the number of those insured and covered. the more the unit management operating cost decreases. significantly. Moreover. the result of the quadratic functional formula also shows the U-shape significantly. The management operating costs derived from the simulated calculation. on the basis of the average salary and related cost per staff- member of the Health Insurance Societies for Occupational Labours and Korean Medical Insurance Corporation for the Official Servants and Private School Teachers in 1987 fiscal year. show that the Model of Multi-insurance Carrier warrants the highest management operating cost. Meanwhile the least expensive management operating cost is the Management Model of Unique Insurance Carrier. Insurance Carrier Divided by Area and Classified with Occupation in Large-scale. and Large-scale District Insurance Carrier. in order. Therefore. it is feasible to select the Unique Insurance Carrier Model among the four alternatives from the viewpoint of the management operating cost and in the sense of the flexibility in promoting the productivity of manpower in the human services field. However. the choice of the management model for health insurance systems and its application should be examined further utilizing the operation research analysis for such areas as the administrative efficiency and factors related to computer cost etc.

• 환경영향평가
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.79-87
• /
• 2013

The purpose of this study is to establish PM-10 management manual for developing large scale sites by assessing the status of PM-10 reduction at ongoing large scale development sites. After analyzing the meteorological conditions and air quality characteristics of Sihwa MTV development site, ISCST3 (Industrial Source Complex Short Term Model 3) was implemented to predict PM-10 generation. The outcomes of ISCST3 modelling were utilized for verification of site survey data. As a result of applying air pollution modeling, the diffusion rate of PM-10 decreases according as the wind speed decreases. And the emission rate of PM-10 increase is linear to the concentration of PM-10. The reduction target of PM-10 can be derived quantitatively from the difference between the forecasted emission rate and the permissible emission limit of PM-10. The assessment of PM-10 characteristics which is deduced from ISCST3 and site survey can be practically applied to accomplish environmentally acceptable air quality manual for large scale development sites.

• Korean Journal of Geomatics
• /
• 제1권1호
• /
• pp.7-13
• /
• 2001

Geospatial Information Systems (GIS) have been employed to systematically manage and design land use in urban areas. This has increased the need for more accurate vector and raster data. In Korea, l/l,000-scale digital maps are used as vector data for the facility management in urban areas. This has increased the need for large scale orthoimages. Orthoimages generated from aerial imagery can provide accurate information, making possible the more effective city management. However, there is a large problem in using the orthoimages, i.e., currently available conventional orthoimages have not been generated based on Digital Elevation Model (DEM) that takes into account the building heights. So this causes the displacements of building image in large scale orthoimages. The present study is an attempt to generate the large scale orthoimages based on building DEM. The semiautomatic building extraction method can detect building outlines by mouse clicking on either building roofs or corners. Building DEM, based on the outline and calculated building height, was used to produce the large scale orthoimages with the corrected building occlusion.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제21권5호
• /
• pp.549-554
• /
• 2011

본 논문에서는 출력 궤환 제어기를 이용해 다항식 퍼지 대규모 시스템을 안정화하는 방법을 제안한다. 이를 위해, 먼저, 대규모 시스템의 부분 시스템에 대해 퍼지 모델링을 한 후, 각각에 대해 출력 궤환 제어기를 설계하여 대규모 시스템을 안정화하는 방법을 제안한다. 이때, 다항식 Lyapunov 함수를 적용하면 다항식 퍼지 대규모 시스템의 안정화 조건은 제곱합 조건으로 주어지고, 이것은 MATLAB의 툴박스인 SOSTOOLS로 해석 가능하다. 이러한 과정을 거친 후에 얻어진 해에서 시스템을 안정화시키는 출력 궤환 제어기의 이득을 구할 수 있다. 마지막으로, 제안된 기법의 적합성을 검증하기 위해 시뮬레이션 예제가 주어진다.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.367-376
• /
• 2015

The momentum and kinetic turbulent energy carried by the wind to a stratified lake lead to basin-scale motions, which provide a major driving force for vertical and horizontal mixing. A three-dimensional (3D) hydrodynamic model was applied to Lake Tahoe, located between California and Nevada, USA, to simulate the dominant basin-scale internal waves in the deep lake. The results demonstrated that the model well represents the temporal and vertical variations of water temperature that allows the internal waves to be energized correctly at the basin scale. Both the model and thermistor chain (TC) data identified the presence of Kelvin modes and Poincare mode internal waves. The lake was weakly stratified during the study period, and produced large amplitude (up to 60 m) of internal oscillations after several wind events and partial upwelling near the southwestern lake. The partial upwelling and followed coastal jets could be an important feature of basin-scale internal waves because they can cause re-suspension and horizontal transport of fine particles from nearshore to offshore. The internal wave dynamics can be also associated with the distributions of water quality variables such as dissolved oxygen and nutrients in the lake. Thus, the basin-scale internal waves and horizontal circulation processes need to be accurately modeled for the correct simulation of the dissolved and particulate contaminants, and biogeochemical processes in the lake.

• 한국방재학회 논문집
• /
• 제8권2호
• /
• pp.59-63
• /
• 2008

지표수 흐름은 육지 물수지 계산에 중요한 요소중에 하나이다. 그러나, 기상변화의 예측과 그로 인한 방재대책수립을 위한 대규모의 기상모형과 연계되는 육지수문모형(Land Surface Model, LSM)들은 지표수 흐름을 토양수분수지로부터 간단하게 산정하고 있다. 침투계산에서 지표수 흐름깊이를 무시하는 것은 지표면 및 지표하 물흐름 모두에 계산상 오류를 초래할 수 있다. 그러므로, 육지수문모형에서 종합적인 물과 에너지 순환 예측을 하기 위해, 지표수 흐름을 위한 1차원 확산모형과 지표하 물흐름을 위한 계산망 체적평균 토양수분이송(Volume Averaged Soil-moisture Transport Model, VAST)모형을 연계하는 대규모 지표면 및 지표하 연계 물흐름 모형이 개발되었다. 이 논문에서는, 최첨단 육지수문모형중 하나인 CLM(Common Land Model)내의 지표수리수문 모의를 위한 주요부분을 비롯하여, 지형특성에 따른 지표수 흐름과 공간적 토양수분 분포의 예측개선을 위한 새로운 지표면 및 지표하 연계 물흐름 모형에 대해 기술하였다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2003년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
• /
• pp.385-392
• /
• 2003

Traditional forms of river and coastal structures have become very expensive to build and maintain, because of the shortage of natural rock. Geotextile tubes hydraulically or mechanically filled with dredged materials have been applied in hydraulic and coastal engineering in recent years(shore protection structure, detached breakwater, groins and jetty). Recently, new preliminary design criteria supported by model and prototype tests, and some stability analysis calculations have been studied. In this study, the numerical analysis was performed to investigate the behavior of geotextile tube with various properties of geotextile and hydraulic pumping conditions. Numerical analysis was executed to compare with the results from the large-scale field model tests, and also compared the results of 2-D plane strain analysis and 3-D FEM analysis. A geotextile tube was modeled using the commercial finite element analysis program ABAQUS and the one-quarter of tube was modeled. Behavior of geotextile tube during the hydraulic pumping procedure was analyzed by comparing the large-scale field model test and numerical analysis. The shape variation and maximum tube height between the numerical analysis results and large-scale filed test results are turned out to be a good agreement.

• 한국농공학회논문집
• /
• 제49권3호
• /
• pp.3-10
• /
• 2007

In general method to estimate the water supplies in the large-scale basin, indirect estimation method such as unit loading factor method has been used. However, the estimated water supplies are much different to the real water supplies used in the any basin because these general methods estimate them considering water supply demands only. Especially, water supplies for irrigation are big different to the real water supplies in which the water supplies for irrigation are depend on the weather conditions such as evaporation, basin conditions such as infiltration, the reservoir operation rule for irrigation water, and distribution methods. Thus, a new estimation method is developed to estimate the real water demands which is essential factors for the effective water resources operation in the basin. This method is for estimating the water supplies and return rates based on the survey of the irrigation reservoirs and the analysis of effects to the stream flows, return flows, and water supplies for irrigation which water supplies and return rates are used in the basin water management model. The water supply usages in each subbasin are validated by comparisons between the simulated discharges from the basin water management model and the discharges measured in the control points.

• 한국시뮬레이션학회논문지
• /
• 제21권2호
• /
• pp.59-67
• /
• 2012

그리드 컴퓨팅은 하나의 대용량 작업을 처리하도록 물리 자원을 구성하고 있지만 최근에는 데이터의 급속한 증가로 인해서 복수개의 작업을 처리하는 방법이 필요하다. 일반적으로 대용량 작업을 요청하면 각 물리 자원들이 작업을 분할하게 되며, 자원의 성능과 거리에 따라 처리 시간이 다르다. 성능에 따라 먼저 완료된 유효자원은 어떠한 작업도 하지 않으며, 모든 작업이 끝났을 경우에 다음 작업을 처리한다. 이에 본 논문에서는 먼저 처리가 완료된 자원을 다른 작업에 할당할 수 있는 동적 자원 재배치 스케줄링 모델(DRRSM: Dynamic Resource Reallocation Scheduling Model)을 제안한다. DRRSM은 먼저 처리가 완료된 자원을 다른 작업에 자원의 성능과 거리에 따라 작업을 재배치시키는 방법이다. DRRSM은 여러 개의 대용량 작업을 처리하는데 효과적이다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.709-718
• /
• 2015

Traditional transmission planning usually caters for rated wind power output. Due to the low occurrence probability of nominal capacity of wind power and huge investment in transmission, these planning methods will leads to low utilization rates of transmission lines and poor economic efficiency. This paper provides a novel transmission expansion planning method for integrating large-scale wind power. The wind power distribution characteristics of large-scale wind power output and its impact on transmission planning are analyzed. Based on the wind power distribution characteristics, this paper proposes a flexible and economic transmission planning model which saves substantial transmission investment through spilling a small amount of peak output of wind power. A methodology based on Benders decomposition is used to solve the model. The applicability and effectiveness of the model and algorithm are verified through a numerical case.