• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.49 no.1
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• pp.1-18
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• 2021

This study was intended to present measures for the improvement of the apartment house landscaping supervision system by examining the adequacy of landscaping supervision, which is aimed at improving the quality of landscape plants and facilities in apartment house landscaping sites. Additionally, this study aims to identify the problems occurring in the process of the performance of landscaping supervision and to provide the evidence for legislative activities and revision of the laws currently being pushed forward for the mandatory deployment of apartment house landscaping supervision personnel. The results of the analysis showed that no landscaping supervision personnel was deployed to apartment complexes with less than 1,500 households and that the landscaping comprised 19% to 46% of the entire construction process. The civil engineering firm performed the landscaping supervision, which made it impracticable to fully focus on the construction quality in the field of landscaping. The quality control in terms of landscape plants revealed differences in quality control, depending on the competence and experience of the civil engineer supervising the personnel, where the landscaping supervision personnel was not deployed. The apartment houses landscaping supervision activity index was analyzed, and the results showed that the supervision activity index for apartment house A was 72.0, B was 70.4, and apartment houses C to G ranged from 38.7 to 46.9, which suggested that the difference in quality control, process control, and technical support affected the construction quality and occurrence of defects.The improvement of landscaping process quality control and process management will be carried out more smoothly and the rate of defects will be drastically reduced if the landscaping supervision personnel placement threshold is lowered from 1,500 households to 300 households in complexes. The results of this study are expected to be useful in promoting and re-establishing the landscaping industry based on the improvement of construction quality in the field of landscaping in connection with the construction of apartment houses.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.497-506
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• 2022

In recent years, the specialized construction industry has undergone major construction and major industries, and without considering the technical expertise of construction works, the construction industry is promoting the integration and establishment of specialized construction industries according to convenience and abolition of their own industries. As the reorganization plan causes confusion in the production structure and lacks persuasive power by aiming only for industry simplification, it is judged to be desirable to review it according to the detailed characteristics of the specialized construction industry. In this study, -to review the reorganization of a rational classification system that considers the specific nature of the specialization of specialized construction projects, the classification of construction works, major work contents and characteristics, technical expertise, and problems of largescale industry in the case of painting construction and landscaping construction was analyzed. Based on this, aspects to be considered when reorganizing the current professional construction industry classification system are identified and reasonable improvement plans for each industry are suggested.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.33-45
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• 2024

The government is promoting the reorganization of the construction indusrty under the theme of reorganizing the production system. However, it has been pointed out that this is contrary to the increasingly specialized and technical skills of the landscaping field. Therefore, it is urgent to respond to the construction industry integration policy and improve an appropriate work system and the content of the landscape field. Therefore, this study investigated the intention of the industry to reorganize the production system and the production structure of the landscape field, so that it can be used as a reference for future changes. As a result of the survey, 1) the perception of the reorganization policy is a highly requesting step-by-step promotion that reflects the industry's will, 2) the system is divided into generalization and specialization and is highly opposed to integration, 3) appropriate design and construction costs are the most important directions for improving landscape construction projects, and 4) reestablishing the relationship with related civil engineering works is important for improving detailed construction types. Overall, it was pointed out that the current specialized landscape construction does not sufficiently reflect the changing landscape business and is only appropriate for subcontractors in other industries. Therefore, it is necessary to promote policies that reflect this. In the long run, it is urgent to establish the status of landscape construction as an independent object, and it is necessary to supplement the legal system and change the industry accordingly.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.41-54
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• 2020

This study was conducted to provide basic data for a transparent and fair bidding system by identifying problems and suggesting improvement measures through an analysis of the bidding status for construction projects and service-related landscaping of multi-family housing. To this end, we used the data from the "Multi-Family Housing Management Information System (K-apt)" that provides the history of apartment maintenance, bidding information, and the electronic bidding system to examine the winning bid status and amount, along with the size and trends of the winning bids by year, and the results of the selection of operators by construction type. As a result, it was found that out of the total number of successful bids (36,831), 4.4% (16,631) were in the landscaping business, and the average winning bid value was found to be about 24 million won. According to the data, 73% of the landscaping cases were valued between 3 million won and 30 million won, and 58.6% of the cases were in the field of "pest prevention and maintenance". 36% of the total number of bids were awarded from February to April, with "general competitive bidding" accounting for 59.8% of the bidding methods. As for the method of selecting the winning bidder, 55% adopted the "lowest bid" and "electronic bidding method," and 45% adopted the "qualification screening system" and "direct bidding method." As an improvement to the problems derived from the bidding status data, the following are recommended: First, the exception clause to the current 'electronic bidding method' application regulations must be minimized to activate the electronic bidding method so that a fair bidding system can be operated. Second, landscaping management standards for green area environmental quality of multi-family housing must be prepared. Third, the provisions for preparing design books, such as detailed statements and drawings before the bidding announcement, and calculating the basic amount shall be prepared so that fair bidding can be made by specifying the details of the project concretely and objectively must be made. Fourth, for various bidding conditions in the 'business operator selection guidelines', detailed guidelines for each condition, not the selection, need to be prepared to maintain fairness and consistency. These measures are believed to beuseful in the fair selection of landscaping operators for multi-family housing projects and to prepare objective and reasonable standards for the maintenance of landscaping facilities and a green environment.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.5-13
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• 2017

Purpose: This study, by comprehensively the characteristics of new Hanok application techniques with the proposed site application technology in the course of the design changes that have been accumulated through Hanok technology development the second stage business, by analyzing the range of reflection, new Considering the direction reflects the efficiency of the new Hanok application techniques. Method: new Hanok application technology, it was been established through research and development of large 1 new Hanok technology it has been proposed through the "site-specific application techniques" and 2 builders and designers "space-time proposed technique" Analysis of the case, at the center of the design changes, the land the body of laws and regulations, the requirements of the public buildings, compared to the construction method and the like for the reduction of construction costs, new Hanok applied technology in the process of change by it There was analyzed whether acceleration on the range and step which is reflected in the design Result: The result of new Hanok applied technology was built through the demonstration build business case, process another major technology, foundation, woodwork, walls, roof, has been reflected in the ceiling construction, the inclusion of items in the proposed technique of construction , it was applied to the main steps in general, except for other construction work landscaping. Application techniques and construction proposal technology research team has presented, show the difference between the scope and method. With significance effort to improve the unreasonable traditional methods of these core processes that can be reflected in the field repeated the construction proposed technique as a result of the utility that can be applied for substantial construction.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.10-25
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• 2019

This is a study on the ordering status of the cultural property repair work in Seoul, centered on the cultural property construction orders from each local government and affiliated institutions. The scope of this study is spatially based on the city of Seoul. The time range is from October 2015 to September 2017. We can grasp the scale of the cultural asset construction by recognizing the status of the cultural asset of the city and the budget available for repairing the cultural asset. By analyzing the actual situation of the cultural property construction over two years, we were able to learn the total number of orders, the ordering period, the order size and the associated order type. By analyzing the detailed data, we could grasp the actual state of each cultural property type mixing. As a result of that, it was found that one cultural property corporation had difficulty completing construction without the involvement of other types. This suggested the better contract way to a cultural property construction. This study suggests an appropriate ordering method analyzing the tendency of construction orders of cultural properties, which can be utilized as basic data for the placement of cultural property repair technicians in the field. In particular, landscape architecture is an important aspect of the cultural property construction. Despite the need to establish the status of landscaping, there are no papers describing the actual status of contract way to a cultural property construction and the status of the landscape architecture associated with them. This paper empirically reveals the facts for Seoul, and then makes a proposal to establish a complete analysis of the landscape construction business. Specifically, landscape architecture is in a position to take responsibility for the landscape of cultural asset. It is possible to propose the establishment of the status of landscape architecture and to contribute to the securing of business areas that are part of repairing cultural properties.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2019

Based on the bidding data of the national marketplace for public procurement service from 2003 to 2015, this study investigated and analyzed the bidding trends of the landscape management public consignment service by analyzing total bidding, type, client, region, license. The results are as follows. First, the total number of bids for civilian consignment services in landscape management increased by 1,112 cases, corresponding to a 487.7% increase over 10 years, and the total bidding amount increased by 144,504 million won, corresponding to a 382.5% increase. Second, in 10 years, the proportion of landscape management in landscaping works increased by 10%, and the bidding amount increased by 3%. Third, in the analysis of bidding trends by type, green areas showed the greatest growth in the number of bids, while the greenery of buildings showed the highest increase in the bid amount. Fourth, local autonomous entities, Gyeonggi province, and the landscaping planting construction industry showed the highest increase in the number of bids and the amount in each field such as client, region, and license. In summary, the number of cases and the bidding amount is increasing year by year. Considering the increasing number of users and demands thereof, the number of bids and the amount of consignment service for landscape management will continue to increase. The purpose of this study is to investigate and systematically analyze the tendency of bidding for 10 years for the private consignment service of landscape management in the current situation, where the importance of landscape management is increasingly emphasized. Another purpose of this study is to discern the necessity of the landscape management business and to provide the basis for incorporating the landscape management business into the professional construction industry in the future, thus providing opportunities for widening the expertise and diversity of the landscaping field. For the following study, the legal basis of landscape management, qualification, equipment standards, calculation of management cost per unit, and the appropriateness of the management cost should be considered.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.40-53
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• 2022

This study carried out to provide the methodology and basic status material of using Korean national statistics needed to find the actual state of the landscape architecture industry. The landscape architecture industry was classified into 'Design', 'Construction Management', 'construction', 'Maintenance & Management', 'Materials', 'Research', 'Education', and 'Administration' areas. In each field, business types were systemized and associated in accordance with Korean standard industrial classification and legislations pertinent to construction. Among them, the business types directly defined in the construction related legislations under the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport were focused on, and the establishment, association, integration, distribution, duplication, and omission of national statistics were analyzed. As a result, the business types of statistical analysis were selected. In order for commonality of statistical items and minimized error of interpretation, semantic analysis was conducted. Finally, the number of registered business types, the number of workers, and sales were selected. Based on them, the analysis framework applicable to fundamental analysis and evaluation of the actual state of the industry was proposed. Actual national statical data were applied for analysis and evaluation. In 2019, the number of registered business types related to the landscape architecture industry was 12,160, the number of workers by business type was 106,296, and the sales by business type were 8,308.5 billion KRW. The number of registered business types and the number of workers had been on the rise from 2017, whereas the sales had been on the decrease. It is required to come up with a plan for industrial development. This study was conducted with the national statistics established by multiple public institutions, so that there are limitations in securing consistency and reliability. Therefore, it is necessary to establish systematic and consistent national statistics in accordance with 「Landscaping Promotion Act」. In the future, it will planned to research application and development plans of national statistics according to subjects including park and green.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.85-96
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• 2018

Developed nations have implemented various policies to reduce greenhouse gases since the 1997 Kyoto Protocol in order to minimize the effects of global warming. Korea should also reduce energy consumption in the industrial sector, and the transportation and building sectors in order to achieve its greenhouse gas reduction target of 37 percent compared to the Business As Usual levels. The government implements various laws and regulations for reducing energy consumption. To reduce energy consumption in the building sector, in particular, the Energy Conservation Design Standards are enforced according to the 'Enforcement Support for Green Building Construction'. The amount of electricity used to maintain room temperature at $28^{\circ}C$ in these buildings have a 30% reduction (measured on the walls and rooftop) in power usage compared to buildings not required to meet these standards. Although the effect of these energy savings on landscaping is proven, this demonstration is not effective for energy saving since it is not a suitable method for the 'Energy Saving Design Standards of Buildings'. For landscaping to be effective as far as a component of energy reduction, the perfusion rate of the building should be calculated based on the thermal conductivity of the component materials for the energy saving designs with respect to the basis of Article 14 of the Green Building Act. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to ensure that the planting-based mats currently being widely used in the landscape industry can have insulating performance suitable for the 'Energy Saving Design Standards' of Buildings according to the 'Enable Green Building Construction Methods'.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.49-65
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• 2022

Since trees in the city are green assets that create a healthy environment for the city, systematic management of trees improves urban ecosystem services. The sporadic urban tree information centered on the site is vast, and it is difficult to manage the data, so efforts to increase efficiency are needed. This paper summarizes tree data inventory based on data constructed by Seoul Green Trust activists and constructs and discloses online database maps using Tableau Software. In order to verify the utilization of the map, we divided into consumer and supplier aspects to collect various opinions and reflect feedback to implement tree database maps for each area and species of Seoul Forest. As a result, the utilization value of tree database in urban parks was presented. The technical significance of this study is to systematically record the process of constructing and implementing a dashboard directly using the Mapbox platform and Tableau Software in the field of landscaping for the first time in Korea. In addition, the implications and supplements of landscape information were derived by collecting user opinions on the results. This can be used as an exploratory basis in the process of developing online-based services such as web and apps by utilizing landscaping tree information in the future. Although the visualization database currently constructed has limitations that ordinary users cannot interact in both directions because it utilizes business intelligence tools in terms of service provision it has affirmed both the database construction and its usability in web public format. In the future it is essential to investigate the assets of the trees in the city park and to build a database as a public asset of the city. The survey participants positively recognized that information is intuitively presented based on the map and responded that it is necessary to provide information on the overall urban assets such as small parks and roadside trees by using open source maps in the future.