• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.433-440
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• 2013

The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport was developed the Construction CALS system for improvement of the construction economy. Construction CALS system is consist by Construction Portal System, Construction Management System, Construction Authorization and Permission System, Compensation Management System, Facility Maintenance Management System and has utilized at construction site of more than 900. Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport and related researcher was proposed method of various function improvements for usability of the system. However, the proposed method was expanded the problems like increase of system management cost and development cost with decrease of data process rate. The problem was increases because has added of only service function without modify of software structure to the system on each different platform base. One of the methods for solving problems is to apply the e-Government framework and then integrated the different platform. The purpose of this paper is analyse of the applicability and efficiency of e-Government framework to the construction CALS system. For that was analyzed the e-Government standard framework and the developments case. And then was verified about the adaption possibility and efficiency by use the Function Point tool.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.103-111
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• 2010

The purpose of the paper is to research issues and implications on a large-scale enlargement of urban area in city management plan. This study investigated laws and regulations in force and carried out case study for three cities such as Yangju-si, Gimpo-si, Whaseong-si. As a result of analysis, three points at issue were abstracted and improvement ideas for each of them were suggested as follows. First, to set up adequate size of urban area, it is necessary to consider resonable planning for population, spatial structure, zone of life and land use in city comprehensive plan and city management plan. Second, to decrease arguments about scope and bounds of urban area, it is important to make general and specific guidelines to set up them. Third, to manage new urban area and its surroundings efficiently, it is necessary to subdivide zoning of non-urban area strictly, to restraint individual location of factories or cattle sheds, to make a proper infrastructure plan in advance, to administer strongly the permission of development behavior and to control strictly consecutive and joining development in non-urban area.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.110 no.4
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• pp.630-647
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• 2021

We determined the current problem of the restoration deposit-estimation system, stipulated by the Mountainous Districts Management Act, using the Delphi technique. Consequently, we proposed a standard model for forest land restoration to derive a reasonable deposit-estimation system. With the result of the Delphi survey, the inappropriateness of land-use type and slope gradient classifications was shown; the insufficiency of standard works was a significant problem in the current system. A way to solve these problems was devised, to reorganize the current land-use type into the subject of the site. The specific subjects included the following: (i) to permit or report forest land-use change and temporary use of forest land, (ii) to report temporary use of forest land, (iii) to permit stone collection or sale for mineral mining, and (iv) to allow sediment collection. The current slope gradient subdivision into (a) θ<10°, (b) 10°≦θ<15°, (c) 15°≦θ<20°, (d) 20°≦θ<25°, (e) 25°≦θ<30°, and (f) θ≧30° and the reorganization of 17 standard works into 22 standard works were deemed as solutions, along with seven additional works. We developed 24 standard models for the forest land restoration project based on the aforementioned results. The deposits estimated by these models ranged from 34,185,000 (Korean) won to 607,403,000 won. If additional works, premiums, discounts, and supervision fees are added to the models, the deposit increases to an estimated 668,143,000 won subject to permission for stone collection or sale and mineral mining. Experts agree on the distribution of the restoration deposits estimated by these models at a high level in the Delphi survey. Our findings are expected to contribute to securing the appropriateness of the restoration cost deposited for the smooth performance of the vicariously executed restoration project.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.48-56
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• 2010

Since ancient times, Korea has been called a land of beauty. Scenic sites under the Cultural Properties Protection Act include picturesque places that are famous for their natural scenic beauty as well as their historical and cultural value. Scenic sites are managed as natural assets to promote their preservation and use. However, the management of scenic sites can produce adverse effects on regional development and ownership rights. Moreover, the purpose of their designation as cultural assets is not fully understood because scenic sites are managed by focusing on restraint on users' act the same as was applied to historic sites. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to protect inhabitants' rights of ownership by arranging the boundaries of designated areas and by providing standard permission for condition changes in the Buryeongsa Valley, which was designated as a Scenic Site in 1979. The results of this study can be summarized as follows: First, arranging the boundaries of the designated area includes the arrangement of the edge lines standardized on the visual range of the mountain ridge, preventing the loss of landscape beauty in the designated district; the internal clearing district focuses on the existing settlement. Gearing the designated areas after the arrangement of the boundaries results in $11,928,932m^2$, 38.6% compared to the existing designated areas. Second, it establishes a 500m buffer zone inside the radius of the boundary of the cultural asset as a standard for condition changes that seriously affect landscape preservation. Third, the standards for permission on building 'height regulations' are divided into flat and gable, according to the roof shape. The adopted standard is 8m high for 2 story flat roofs, and 12m high for 2 story gable roofs.

• Journal of The Geomorphological Association of Korea
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.1-18
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• 2018

In Korea, 64% of the land is known as mountain area, but the definition and classification standard of mountain are not clear. Demand for utilization and development of mountain area is increasing. In this situation, the unclear definition and scope of the mountain area can lead to the destruction of the mountain and the increase of disasters due to indiscreet permission of forestland use conversion. Therefore, this study analyzed the variables and criteria that can extract the mountain boundaries through the questionnaire survey and the terrain analysis. We developed a mountain boundary extraction algorithm that can classify topographic mountain by using selected variables. As a result, 72.1% of the total land was analyzed as mountain area. For the three catchment areas with different mountain area ratio, we compared the results with the existing data such as forestland map and cadastral map. We confirmed the differences in boundary and distribution of mountain. In a catchment area with predominantly mountainous area, the algorithmbased mountain classification results were judged to be wider than the mountain or forest of the two maps. On the other hand, in the basin where the non-mountainous region predominated, algorithm-based results yielded a lower mountain area ratio than the other two maps. In the two maps, we was able to confirm the distribution of fragmented mountains. However, these areas were classified as non-mountain areas in algorithm-based results. We concluded that this result occurred because of the algorithm, so it is necessary to refine and elaborate the algorithm afterward. Nevertheless, this algorithm can analyze the topographic variables and the optimal value by watershed that can distinguish the mountain area. The results of this study are significant in that the mountain boundaries were extracted considering the characteristics of different mountain topography by region. This study will help establish policies for stable mountain management.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.319-325
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• 2007

Recently, since the risk on natural disasters is increasing due to abnormal weather such as the global warming, a need for a system on prior review on the influence of disasters has emerged in order to establish a solution by analyzing elements of disaster in advance. However, since the inherently destroying business namely the quarrying business is excluded from the range of subject business of Prior Review System on the influence of disasters, a correction for this is required. In order to actually explore how much risk it contains, actual outflow of soil and flood in the quarrying block where quarrying is being currently carried out was examined and the required undercurrent facility capacity which is also used as a grit chamber was investigated. In addition, by comparing the soil outflow of industrial complexes and golf courses which are current subject businesses of Prior Review on the Influence of Disasters and that of rock mountains relative risk level was examined. After investigation, it was found that the risk on occurrence of disasters was increased due to increase in outflow of soil and flood because of the change of land condition during and after development thus an adequate solution to decrease is required. In addition, after comparison with other business groups it was found that a significantly higher amount of soil is outflown in case of rock mountains thus it was analyzed that a solution to decrease is required. Therefore, a correction is immediately required in order to include quarrying business in the subject business of Prior Review System on the Influence of Disasters.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.119-128
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• 2016

Urban park planning has become difficult due to the lack of municipal funds. Thereupon, a special scheme was imposed for city park planning. Since then, a legal amendment was made for economical improvement and more active participation. However, there are a lot of questions about whether it was a suitable direction for parks and where it should be emphasized for public interest. Base on these concerns, this study examined the basis and characteristics of location, creation, and maintenance of private development parks in Japan, which was the policy model of Korean private parks. Location and space planning of private development parks was made up considering an effective green network and disaster prevention function, and a minimum area was about 1.42ha. The minimum area, 1ha, was established on the basis of considering realistic possibilities, disaster protection, and universal validity. It was also amended to consider the standard of type two mid- to high-rise exclusive residential areas and consultation with regional governance. Finally, it was built on the lowest limit of ordinance of the relevant city; for example, 100% of the floor area ratio, 30% of the building coverage ratio, and the maximum height of 11 stories, etc. For maintenance, private and public sectors were working together. Maintenance fees for 35 years (based on $300yen/m^2$ per month) were paid en bloc by the licensee. However, the city was paid for facilities that accompanied excessive maintenance costs. Meanwhile, it seemed difficult to introduce attractive profit facilities because of the limitations in location, usage permission, and introduction equipment; furthermore, there were problems with management authority, and the burden of expenses was deducted. For creating private Korean parks, this study suggested that we should build priority of creating city parks and select appropriate locations first; also, we need to make criteria for location, creation, and standard management rules that are relevant to the whole nation of Korea.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.161-178
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• 2017

Whereas the demand for development of forested areas covering more than 60% of Korean territory, permission on the forest development has been still given from the perspective of effective land utilization rather than conservation. As the assessment of large forested areas usually focuses more on forest structure, it has its limitation of observing and analyzing the interior change in forest in this way. This study was aimed at computing landscape metrics using a presence vegetation map and FRAGTSTATS 4.2 and analyzing vegetation mosaics. Colonies in native vegetation were classified into a series of major groups and sub-groups based on the native species within the colonies. The colonies were investigated by analyzing a suite of landscape metrics - Core Area, Percentage of Landscape, Number of Patches, Patch Density, Largest Patch Index, Total Edge, Edge Density, Landscape Shape Index, Mean Patch Area, Euclidean Nearest Neighbor. In the Chungnam province major groups and sub-groups of colonies classified based on the proportion of pine and oak species, and pine species was the principal one in terms of distribution area. As for the competition between pines and oaks, while the coverage of pine-centered colonies were three times larger than those of oak-centered ones, pine colonies showed the greater number of patches and therefore higher fragmentation than oaks at the major group level. For the sub-groups, the largest coverage colonies were not only indicated by Pinus densiflora-Quesrcus mongolica colonies among P. densiflora-centered colonies, Q. accutissima colonies among Q. accutissima-centered ones, Q. accutissima-P. densiflora colonies among Q. accutissima-centered ones, Q. mongolica colonies among Q. mongolica-centered ones, P. thumbergii colonies among P. thumbergii-centered ones, and Q. serrata-Q. acutissima colonies among Q. serrata-centered ones, but also revealed more severely mosaicked than other smaller colonies. The overall mosaicking degree estimated by landscape metrics was considered useful for monitoring and investigating vegetation. However, in order to develop management strategy based on analyzing the reason for the mosaicking process and anticipating a trend in vegetation succession, it is essential to further study about ecological characteristics of each colony in the vegetation.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.237-246
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• 2020

The background of the research is the following: As a result of ultra-light flying device industry development, the utilization of drones and their efficiency have been increasing. However, problems regarding flight permission·approval procedure have not been improved, resulting in increased number of civil complaints. Thus, the purpose of this research is to minimize such civil petition according to the required standards of the two government organizations through enhancing the procedure for managing and employing the system. The research methods entail pinpointing the problems by analysing ultra-light flying device related literature review and by holding focus-interviews with field experts, thereby verifying and providing improved solutions. Under (MLIT) Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport supervision and in accordance with aviation security law, the research provides various updated functions such as improved civil petition processing system's employment and management system, flight approval, integration of names, process, format regarding aviation photographing approval, tool buttons such as the 'Main' button in the system's homepage. This research has the following expected effects : Firstly in the law and regulations section, the clear distinction in the missions and roles of each organization enhances cooperations in tackling civil petition. Secondly the integration of civil petition process reduces time and improves efficiency. And lastly, the improvement of supplementary tools for the public is expected to minimize civil petitions. Future research needs to be conducted under the supervision of the Ministry of National Defense(MND). Factors such as systematic infrastructure for flight photography approval, related unit's reorganization following the defense reform 2.0, and guaranteed conditions for field security action units need to be ameliorated.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.3-54
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• 2013

Nowadays, major advanced countries in aviation technology are putting their effort to develop commercial and civil Unmanned Aircraft System(UAS) due to its highly promising market demand in the future. The market scale of commercial and civil UAS is expected to increase up to approximately 8.8 billon U.S. dollars by the year 2020. The usage of commercial and civil UAS covers various areas such as remote sensing, relaying communications, pollution monitoring, fire detection, aerial reconnaissance and photography, coastline monitoring, traffic monitoring and control, disaster control, search and rescue, etc. With the introduction of UAS, changes need to be made on current Air Traffic Management Systems which are focused mainly manned aircrafts to support the operation of UAS. Accordingly, the legislation for the UAS operation should be followed. Currently, ICAO's Unmanned Aircraft System Study Group(UASSG) is leading the standardization process of legislation for UAS operation internationally. However, some advanced countries such as United States, United Kingdom, Australia have adopted its own legislation. Among these countries, United States is most forth going with President Obama signing a bill to integrate UAS into U.S. national airspace by 2015. In case of Korea, legislation for the unmanned aircraft system is just in the beginning stage. There are no regulations regarding the operation of unmanned aircraft in Korea's domestic aviation law except some clauses regarding definition and permission of the unmanned aircraft flight. However, the unmanned aircrafts are currently being used in military and under development for commercial use. In addition, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport has a ambitious plan to develop commercial and civil UAS as Korea's most competitive area in aircraft production and export. Thus, Korea is in need of the legislation for the UAS operation domestically. In this regards, I personally think that Korea's domestic legislation for UAS operation will be enacted focusing on following 12 areas : (1)use of airspace, (2)licenses of personnel, (3)certification of airworthiness, (4)definition, (5)classification, (6)equipments and documents, (7)communication, (8)rules of air, (9)training, (10)security, (11)insurance, (12)others. Im parallel with enacting domestic legislation, korea should contribute to the development of international standards for UAS operation by actively participating ICAO's UASSG.