• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.34-39
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• 2003

후리지 아 13품종의 정 단 분열조직 을 MS 기본배지에 2,4-D, NAA (0.1, 0.5, 1.0mg/L), BA (0.5∼2.0mg/L)를 첨가한 배지에 배양하여 미세증식의 가능성을 조사하였다. 정단분열조직으로부터 캘러스 및 신초분화는 2,4-D와 BA를 조합한 배지 보다 NAA와 BA를 조합한 배지가 양호하였으며 MS 기본배지 에 0.5mg/L NAA와 1.0mg/L BA를 첨가한 배지에서 가장 양호하였다. 공시한 13 품종 중 Golden yellow 품종이 캘러스 형성율 및 신초분화율이 양호하였고 캘러스로부터 multiple shoot 형성에는 BA 0.5mg/L를 첨가하였을 때 절편체 당 25.1개로 가장 많은 수의 신초가 분화되어 미세증식의 효과가 있었다. 유도된 신초는 1/2 MS 기본배지 에서 정상적으로 뿌리가 분화되었으며 완전한 식물체로 발달하였다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.234-242
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• 2022

Objectives: This study assessed the validity and reliability of the Health-related Quality of Life Instrument with 8 Items (HINT-8) in patients with diabetes. HINT-8 is a newly-developed, generic health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instrument. Methods: Three HRQoL instruments-HINT-8, EuroQoL 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L), and Short Form Health Survey version 2.0 (SF-36v2)-were provided to 300 patients with diabetes visiting a tertiary hospital for follow-up visits in Korea. The HRQoL scores obtained using the HINT-8 were evaluated for subgroups with known differences based on demographics and diabetes-related characteristics (known-group validity). The mean scores of the instruments were compared between groups segmented by their responses to the HINT-8 (discriminatory ability). Correlation coefficients of the HINT-8 with other instruments were calculated (convergent and divergent validity). The Cohen kappa and intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) were also evaluated (test-retest reliability). Results: The average HINT-8 indexes were lower among women, older, and less-educated subjects. Subjects who did not list any problems on the HINT-8 had significantly higher HRQoL scores than those who did. The correlation coefficients of the HINT-8 with the EQ-5D-5L index and EuroQoL visual analogue scale were 0.715 (p<0.001) and 0.517 (p<0.001), respectively. The correlation coefficients between the HINT-8 index and the scores of 8 domains of the SF-36v2 ranged from 0.478 (p<0.001) to 0.669 (p<0.001). The Cohen kappa values for the HINT-8 ranged from 0.268 to 0.601, and the ICC of the HINT-8 index was 0.800 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.720 to 0.860). Conclusions: This study showed that the HINT-8 is a valid and reliable HRQoL instrument for patients with diabetes.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.6-10
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• 1998

[Cu(L)](ClO4)2(1)(L:3,5,10,12-Tetramethyl-1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) 착물을 합성하고 구조를 규명하였다. 이 착물은 단순결정, 공간군 P21/n, a=8.802(2)Å, b=13.339(6) Å, c=10.752(5) Å, β=111.02(4)˚, Z=2로 결정화 되었다. 이착물의구조는 최소자승법으로 정밀화 하였으며, 최종 신뢰도 R(Rw)값은 617개의 회석반점에 대하여 0.073및 0.142이었다. 이 착물의 결정구조는 평면사각구조와 trans-III형태를 갖는다.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 추계학술발표대회 및 bio-venture fair
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• pp.287-290
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• 2000

회분배양에서 교반속도와 통기량에 대한 영향을 살펴본 결과 400 rpm과 1.0 vvm의 조건에서 균체량은 25.1 g/L, 다당체는 2.5 g/L로 가장 높게 생성되었다. 회분배양을 기초로 균체량과 다당체 생성을 높이기 위해 glucose를 대수기에 공급한 결과 배양 6일째 균체량은 29,2 g/L, 다당체 생성은 3.3 g/L로 회분배양보다 우수한 결과를 보였다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.79-83
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• 1999

A potentiometric biosensor employing a CO3-2 ion-selective electrode(ISE) and malic enzyme immobilization in al flow injection analysis (FIA) system was constructed. Analytical parameters were optimized for L-malate determination . The CO3-2 -ISE-FIA system was composed of a pump, an injector, a malic enzyme (EC1.1.1.40) reactor, a CO3-2 ion-selective electrode, a pH/mV meter and a recorder. Cofactor NADP was also injected with substrate for theenzyme reaction into the system. Optimized analytical parameters for L-malate determination in the CO3-2 ISE-FIA system were as follows ; flow rate, 14.5ml/hr ; sample injection volume, 100ul; enzyme loading in the reactor, 20 units ; length of the enzyme reactor , 7 cm ; tubing length form the enzyme reactor to the detector as a geometric factor in FIA, 15 cm . The response time for measuring the entire L-malate concentration range (10-2 ~10-5 mol/L ; 4 injections )was <15minutes . In this CO3-2 -ISE-FIA system, the potential differences due to th eformation of CO3-2 by the reaction of malic enzyme on L-malate were correlated to L-malate concentration in the range of 10-2 ~10-5mol/L ; the detection limit was 10-5 mol/L. This potentionmetric CO3-2 ISE--FIA system was found to be useful for L-malate measurement.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.142-145
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• 2006

Background: Nitric oxide (NO) is involved in the transmission and modulation of nociceptive information at the peripheral, spinal cord and supraspinal levels. We conducted this experiment to assess the antinociceptive effects of a nonselective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), on the modulation of pain in rats subjected to the formalin test. Methods: Formalin 5% was injected in the right hind paw after intraperitoneal (IP) injection of various doses of L-NAME (0.5 mg/kg, 1.5 mg/kg with and without L-arginine 100 mg/kg, 5.0 mg/kg). The number of flinches was measured. Results: Formalin injected into the rat hind paw induced a biphasic nociceptive behavior. IP injected L-NAME diminished the nociceptive behaviors in a dose-dependent manner during phases 1 and 2. The concomitant injection of L-arginine reversed the antinocipetive effect of L-NAME. Conclusions: The data demonstrates that a nonselective NOS inhibitor, L-NAME, possesses antinociceptive properties in rats subjected to the formalin test, and the antinociceptive effect of L-NAME is reversed by the concomitant administration of L-arginine.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제39권11호
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• pp.1660-1665
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• 2010

홍삼 파우치 제품의 성분 및 제조방법의 표준화를 위한 일환으로 국내 유통 중인 홍삼 파우치의 사포닌 함량 및 이화학적 특성을 분석하였다. 총 ginsenoside 함량은 5.5~185.7 mg/100 mL의 함량을 나타내었고 항암효과로 알려진 ginsenoside $Rg_3$, $Rg_2$, $Rh_1$과 $Rh_2$의 함량 분포는 $Rg_3$는 1.6~46.3 mg/100 mL, $Rg_2$는 미검출~22.0 mg/100 mL, $Rh_1$은 미검출~4.3 mg/100 mL, $Rh_2$는 미검출~20.4 mg/100 mL의 분포를 나타내었다. 항 당뇨 효과가 있는 ginsenoside $Rb_2$와 Re의 함량분포는 $Rb_2$는 미검출~10.8 mg/100 mL, Re는 미검출~7.0 mg/100 mL의 함량을 나타내었으며 그 밖의 사포닌 중 ginsenoside $Rb_1$는 미검출~25.2 mg/100 mL, Rc는 미검출~12.5 mg/100 mL, Rd는 미검출~11.3 mg/100 mL, Rf는 미검출~5.9 mg/100 mL, $Rg_1$는 미검출~4.4 mg/100 mL까지의 함량 분포를 보였다. 이화학적 특성 분석결과 총당함량은 226.6~3,102.9 mg/100 mL, 당도는 $1.4\sim9.5^{\circ}Bx$, 탁도는 82.2~100.0%, pH는 4.1~5.0의 범위를 나타내었다. 국내에서 수집한 홍삼 파우치 제품의 약 50%(21~24개 제품)가 ginsenoside $Rb_1$, $Rb_2$, Rc, Rd, Re, $Rg_1$이 미검출 되었으며, 각 제품별 사포닌 함량 차이가 매우 크게 나타나, 국내유통 중인 홍삼 제품에 대한 기준 설정 및 생산방법의 표준화가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.650-654
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• 2011

An experiment involving 180 straight run one-day-Cobb broilers was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementation of L-leucine with different levels of crude protein (CP) on carcass composition and sensory characteristics of broiler grower-finisher chickens. Six experimental diets comprising two levels of crude protein (CP) i.e., 20 and 20% with three levels of L-leucine i.e. 0, 0.5 and 0.67%, were offered to birds from 21-42 d of age. The birds were randomly divided into 36 experimental pens, 5 chickens in each pen, and there were 6 replicates under each diet. L-leucine supplementation did not affect the bone and lean, whereas fat was decreased (p<0.05) when L-leucine was added at 0.5%. Similarly, there were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the lean, fat and bone among chickens fed two levels of CP. No significant differences between dietary treatments were observed on any sensory characteristics affected by dietary L-leucine and CP. From this study, it is obvious that supplementation of up to 0.5% L-leucine reduced fat. However, other characteristics were not affected by supplementation of L-leucine. Similarly, reduction of body composition and sensory characteristics were not apparent on a diet low in CP.

• 무역상무연구
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• 제22권
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• pp.71-106
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• 2004

Todays, L/C transactions in international trade are governed by UCP 500 and eUCP. But UCP 500 and eUCP do not cover all legal problem of L/C transactions. Therefore choice of laws in international L/C transactions are occurred. U.S.A. has an enacted law (UCC ${\S}5-Letter$ of Credit) to govern L/C transaction. But other countries has no special enacted law to govern L/C transaction. The reason is that there are difference between legal attitude of U.S.A. and other countries. American law considers L/C as a special device made by merchants. Therefore U.S.A. applies UCC ${\S}5-Letter$ of Credit instead of general contract law. UCC ${\S}5-Letter$ of Credit includes provisions of warranties, remedies, and so on that UCP 500 and eUCP do not include. But the liabilities of the Issuing Bank on the wrongful dishonor in L/C transaction is very important legal problem. First, this study is to justify concepts of honor and dishonor, and sufficient conditions for dishonor of the issuing bank. in UCC. Second, this study is to examine closely the liabilities of the Issuing Bank on the wrongful dishonor in L/C transaction. Third, this study is suggest distinctive features on the Liabilities to wrongful dishonor of the issuing bank in UCC ${\S}5-Letter$ of Credit and our trader's matters to be attended to L/C transactions governed by UCC.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제5권5호
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• pp.340-344
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• 2000

Microbial oxidation of D-sorbitol to L-sorbose by Acetobacter suboxydans is of commercial importance since it is the only biochemical process in vitamin C synthesis. The main bottleneck in the batch oxidation of sorbitol to sorbose is that the process is severely inhibited by sorbitol. Suitable fed-batch fermentation designs can eliminate the inherent substrate inhibition and improve sorbose productivity. Fed-batch sorbose fermentations were conducted by using two nutrient feeding strategies. For fed-batch fermentation with pulse feeding, highly concentrated sorbitor (600g/L) along with other nutrients were fed intermittently in four pulses of 0.5 liter in response to the increased DO signal. The fed-batch fermentation was over in 24h with a sorbose productivity of 13.40g/L/h and a final sorbose concentration of 320.48g/L. On the other hand, in fed-batch fermentation with multiple feeds, two pulse feeds of 0.5 liter nutrient medium containing 600g/L sorbitol was followed by the addition of 1.5 liter nutrient medium containing 600g/L sorbitol at a constant feed rate of 0.36L/h till the full working capacity of the reactor. The fermentation was completed in 24h with an enhanced sorbose productivity of 15.09g/L/h and a sorbose concentration of 332.60g/L. The sorbose concentration and productivity obtained by multiple feeding of nutrients was found to be higher than that obtained by pulse feeding and was therefore a better strategy for fed-batch sorbose fermentation.