• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.42 no.7
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• pp.1071-1078
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• 2013

We conducted this study in order to investigate the quality and antioxidant properties of saccharifed banana gruel containing different levels (0, 15, 30, and 45%) of banana puree. Saccharified banana gruel with different ratios of banana was prepared and proximate composition, sweetness ($^{\circ}brix%$), pH, total acidity, Hunter's color value, viscosity, free sugar, sensory evaluation, and physiological activities of the sample were measured. With increasing banana content, proximate composition, sweetness, and acidity of banana gruel increased, and pH showed a significant decrease (P<0.05). Saccharified banana gruel prepared with 15~45% banana showed significantly lower viscosity. As the level of banana increased, L-value decreased, whereas the a-value, b-value increased. Free sugar content of fructose, glucose, maltose, and sucrose showed a significant increase (P<0.05). Saccharified banana gruel with 30% added banana was the most preferred for color, flavor, taste, mouth-feeling, texture, and overall acceptability. The total phenolic compound contents of saccharified banana gruel with banana puree ranged from 1.73 to 5.75 mg/g. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of saccharified banana gruel with banana puree were 8.67~31.26% and 6.02~55.16%, respectively. With increasing banana content, total polyphenol contents, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity of banana gruel showed a significant increase (P<0.05). From these results, we found that addition of 30% banana was the best method for preparation of gruel with high sensory quality.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.25 no.4 s.40
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• pp.343-356
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• 1992

Authors studied the workers' knowledge about the health problems detected through the previous workers' periodic health examination, content of follow-up management ana actions taken for their health problem detected on previous health examination. From June to September 1992, workers' periodic health examination was peformed on workers employed in 10 companies located in 2 middle-sized Korean cities. A questionnaire survey was done far 150 workers who reported to have $D_2$ result of either hypertension or liver disorder at the previous workers' periodic health examination done in 1991. The results are as follows; 1. Of 160 workers who had $D_2$ result of either hypertension or liver disorder in previous examination one year before, only 85 workers(51.3%, 43 workers with hypertension, 38 workers with live disorder) responded that they have such disorders. The other 65 workers responded to questionnaire were all those with C results. Respondents' knowledge about their diagnoses was relatively precise (95.2% in hypertension group, 94.6% in liver disorder group) but knowledge about classification of diseases was poor. 2. The main efforts to solve the health problem nab self management (20 spells, 55.3%), visiting clinic or hospital(6 spells, 12.8%), use of herb medicine (2 spells, 4.3%) and use of drug store(2 spells, 4.3%) in hypertension group. In liver disorder group, 30 spells (71.4%) relied on self management,6 spells (14.3%) on hospital or clinic and 9 spells (21.4%) had no effort to improve the health problem. Content of self management was low salt diet, quit smoking, regular exercise and quit alcohol drinking in order. Avoidance of salt in diet was high in hypertension group and quitting alcohol drinking was high in liver disorder group. In those with self management, 80.7% of hypertension group and 83.3% of liver disorder group continued previous effort. Those, however, who utilized clinic or hospital, only 16.7% and 50.0% were still visiting hospital or clinic. 3. Fifty seven percent of hypertension group and 64.3% of liver disorder group was presently smoking,8.5% and 11.9% reduced smoking and 21.3% and 14.3% stopped smoking. Forty nine percent of hypertension group and 28.6% of liver disorder group was presently drinking. Reduced alcohol intake was reported in 29.8% and 40.5%, 12.8ole and 23.8% stopped alcohol drinking. Sixty six percent of hypertension group and 73.8% of liver disorder group did no regular exercise, but 12.8% and 11.9% of each group increased their physical exercise far last one year. Forty three percent of hypertension group and 38.l% of liver disorder group was overweight (defined by bodymass index greater or equal than 25). Reduced body Weight was reported in 17.2% and 16.7% of each group. Reduced dietary salt intake was high in hypertension group (51.5%). The study results suggest that follow-up management after workers' periodic health examination is not satisfactory. In order to improve this situation, adequate information on the result of the workers' periodic health examination should be distributed to each worker group with health education and counselling.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.203-209
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• 1999

The effect of several hydrocolloids on the rheological behavior of wheat flour was investigated. The influence of the selected hydrocolloids (alginate, carrageenan, CMC, guar, locustbean and xanthan) on wheat flour was tested by using two different techniques; amylograph and texture analyzer. In order to have a general overview of their effects hydrocolloids were chosen from different sources implying a broad diversity of chemical structures. The hydrocolloid addition decreased the brightness(L) but increased yellowness(b). The interaction between hydrocolloid and flour produces a slight modification of the amylogram parameters, being the most clearly affected parameter breakdown, which is increased by carrageenan, guar and xanthan. Hardness and cutting force were augmented by hydrocolloid addition, while springeness was decreased except guar and locustbean. In summary, when looking for the improvement of the noodle texture, guar, locustbean are the best candidate additives due to their effects on pasting and texture properties. These hydrocolloids increase the hardness, cutting force, gumness, chew-ness, so were thought to increase the eating quality. So, each tested hydrocolloid affected in a different way the rheological properties of wheat flour, the results obtained are important for the appropriate use of these hydrocolloid as ingredients in the noodle making process.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.432-437
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• 2006

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of mulberry-leaf powder Tofu (MPT) on serum lipids profiles, Ca levels, Ca/P ratio and Pb levels in 30 middle aged obese women living in the Choongnam area. 100 g/day MPT was consumed for 4 weeks. The nutrient contents per 100 g MPT were 86.71 kcal (energy), 8.98 g protein, 0.53 mg fiber, 211.33 mg Ca and 1.59 g fat. Anthropometric measurements, 24 h recall dietary intakes, serum levels of protein, albumin, glucose, Ca and Pb, lipid profiles (cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol), and the Ca/P ratio were analyzed before and after consumption of MPT. After consumption of MPT, there were no significant differences in anthropometric measurements, the levels of serum protein, albumin, glucose, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, lipase activity, HTR (HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol), CRF (cardiac risk factor), Ca, Ca/P ratio and Pb. There were decreases in the levels of serum triglyceride, LDL-cholesterol, AI (atherogenic index) and LHR (LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol). Significantly increased dietary intakes of plant protein, total Ca, and plant Ca were observed.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.271-280
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• 2012

Twenty-two families and 39 species of insect pests were surveyed on five families and 20 species of greenhouse vegetables in Jeonbuk province. The species of insect pests and the families of plants infested were seven families and 10 species on Chenophodiaceae, 16 families and 25 species on Brassicaceae, nine families and 10 species on Apiaceae, six families seven species on Liliaceae, and 13 families and 29 species on Compositae. Spodoptera exigua H$\ddot{u}$bner and Spodoptera litura Fabricius occurred on all vegetables. Additionally, Frankliniella intonsa Trybom, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, Myzus persicae Sulzer, and Phytomyza horticola Goureau occurred on all vegetables except Liliaceae(Allium tuberosum Rottl. and Allium fistulosum L.). Thirteen species of insect pests including Hymenia recurvalis Fabricius occurred only one vegetables, indicating that they were monophagous. The main insect pests of Chenophodiaceae were M. persicae, H. recurvalis, S. exigua and S. litura whereas Dolycoris baccarum Linn$\acute{e}$, Trialeurodes vaporariorum Westwood, Trichoplusia ni H$\ddot{u}$bner, and P. horticola were not recorded. On Brassicaceae were Brevicoyne brassicae Linn$\acute{e}$, M. persicae, Phaedon brassicae Baly, Phyllotreta striolata Fabricius, Plutella xylostella Linn$\acute{e}$, Hellula undalis Fabricius, S. litura, Pieris rapae Linn$\acute{e}$, Artogeia rapae Linn$\acute{e}$, and Athalia rosae ruficornis Jakovlev, but six species including Frankliniella intonsa Trybom were not recorded. The degree of damage by insect pests on Apiaceae was low, five species including Tetranychus kanzawai kishida, F. intonsa, T. vaporariorum, S. litura, and P. horticola were not recorded. The main insect pests on Liliaceae were Thyatira tabaci Lindeman, Acrolepiopsis sapporensis Matsumura, S. exigua, and Liriomyza chinensis Kato. The damage to Compositae by insect pests was relatively low except that of S. litura.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.274-278
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• 2017

In this study, predictive mathematical models were developed to estimate the kinetics of Staphylococcus aureus growth in processed meat product galbitang. Processed meat product galbitang was inoculated with 0.1 mL of S. aureus culture and stored at 4, 10, 20, $37^{\circ}C$. The ${\mu}_{max}$ (maximum specific growth rate) and LPD (lag phase duration) values were calculated. The primary model was used to develop a response surface secondary model. The growth parameters were analyzed using the square root model as a function of storage temperature. The developed model was confirmed by calculating RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) values as statistic parameters. The LPD decreased, but ${\mu}_{max}$ increased with an increase in the storage temperature. At 4, 10, 20 and $37^{\circ}C$, $R^2$ was 0.99, 0.98, 0.99 and 0.99, respectively; RMSE was 0.39. The developed predictive growth model can be used to predict the risk of S. aureus contamination in processed meat product galbitang; hence, it has potential as an input model for the risk assessment.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.126-130
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• 2012

Purpose : Methode an effective block was investigated to deal with volatile radioactive gas, short lived radioactive waste generated as a result of the routinely produced radiopharmaceuticals FDG (2-deoxy-2-[$^{18}F$]fluoro-D-glucose) and compound with $^{11}C$. Materials and Methods : All components of the radiation stack monitoring and data management system for continuous radioactive gas detection in the air extract system purchase from fixed noble gas monitor of Berthold company. TEDLAR gas sampling bags purchase from the Dongbanghitech company. TEDLAR gas sampling bags (volume: 10 L) connected via paraflex or PTFE tubing and Teflon 3 way stopcock. When installing TEDLAR gas sampling bags in Hot cell on the inside and not radioactive gas concentrations were compared. According to whether the Hot cell inside a activated carbon filter installed, compare the difference in concentration of the radioactive gas $^{18}F$. Comparison of radiation emission concentration difference of module a FASTlab and TRACElab. Results : Activated carbon filter are installed in the Hot cell, a measure of the concentration of radioactive gas was 8 $Bq/m^3$. Without activated carbone filter in the hot cell was 300 $Bq/m^3$. Tedlar bag prior to installation of the radioactive gases a measure of the concentration was 3,500 $Bq/m^3$, $^{11}C$ synthesis of the measured concentration was 27,000 $Bq/m^3$. After installed a Tedlar bag and a measure concentration of the radioactive gases was 300 $Bq/m^3$ and $^{11}C$ synthesis was 1,000$Bq/m^3$. Conclusion : $^{11}C$ radioactive gas that was ejected out of the Hot cell, with the use of a Tedlar gas sampling bag stored inside. A compound of 11C is not absorbed onto activated carbon filter. But can block the release out by storing in a Tedlar gas sampling bag. We was able to reduce the radiation exposure of the worker by efficient radiation protection.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.74-86
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• 2000

Objectives : This is the experimental paper to study the curative and preventive effects of Dansambohyultang, Methods : Oriental herb medicine for gastro-intestinal disease caused by stress, on the rats put under the stress through starvation, heating and immoblization, the author used four different group; the normal group, which was not put under stress and well fed, and the control group, to which the drug was not administered and put under the stress through starvation, heating and immoblization, the Sample I, to which the drug was administered before they were put under stress, the Sample lI, to which the drug was administered after they were put under stress. Results : When a Masson's trichrome stain method was applied to the control group, a small size of ulcer was found in the fundus and the pylorus, and atrophy was observed in the neck region of mucous membrane. When the drug was administered to the Sample I and the Sample II, the former recovered from the ulcer and atrophy to almost normal and showed better results than the latter. When a Masson's trichrome stain method was applied to the control group, atrophy of mucous membrane was found all over the intestines. When the drug was administered to the Sample I and the Sample ll, the curative and recovered effects was seen in both, but the former showed better results than the latter. After application of Mayer's hematoxylin stain method, the observation of numerical changes of goblet cells in the small intestines showed the most significant decrease in the control group. In the Sample I, the number of the cells in the duodenum, the jejunum and the ileum returned to an almost normal level. In the Sample II, a slight increase was observed only in the ileum. After application of Mayer's hematoxylin stain method, the observation of numerical changes of goblet cell in the large intestines showed a significant decreased in the control group. Both the Sample I and the Sample II showed an increase in the number of goblet cells in comparison with the control group. When a serotonin-immunoreaction test was applied, the control group showed a general decrease in the number of gastro-entero-endocrine cells, The Sample I showed the effect in all over gastro.intestinal tract as compared with control group and the Sample II showed the effect in all over gastro-intestinal tract except the duodenum and the former showed better results than the latter. Conclusion : According to the above results, the regions which are most sensitive to stress were observed to the ileum and the colon. It was concluded that Dansambohyultang has a remedical value particularly on the abnormalities caused by stress in all over gastro-intestinal tract and it was found to be more effective in the Sample I than in the Sample ll. Judging from the fact that the Sample I showed better results than the Sample ll, Dansambohyultang can be said to have a preventive effect more than a curative effect on gastro-intestinal tract disease.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.212-219
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• 2004

To minimize the danger of soil erosion and settle habitats earlier, afforestation, which vegetates bare slopes, is selected as an environmental recovering technology. Large portions of these areas often are suffered by a bad germination and growth inhibition of sprayed seeds. Afforested materials collected in the normal and damaged sites were not any big difference in chemical characteristics and biological response to ryegrass. But background soil of the damaged site has very low pH (3.6) and high contents of iron and aluminum compared with them of the normal sites. Both germination and root growth of ryegrass were inhibited severely in the water extracts of damaged soils, but not in the water extracts of normal sites. Groundwater collected nearby the damaged sites was very strong acidic (pH 33) and exhibited a high value of electrical conductivity and high contents of iron and aluminum. In the ground water, germinated ryegrass was scarcely grown. In Al standard solution, the root growth of ryegrass was inhibited over 50% in 0.5 mM in pH 3.5-4.5 and in 1.4 mM in pH 5.5, which seems to be related to $Al^{3+}$ activity in solution. In the ferric Fe ($Fe^{3+}$) standard solution, ryegrass growth was inhibited over 50% in the concentration of 14-19 mM in root and 23-25 mM in shoot. This strong tolerance of ryegrass to $Fe^{3+}$ might be concerned with the very low activity of $Fe^{3+}$ at pH 3.5-5.5. In contrast, ryegrass responded very sensitively to ferrous Fe ion ($Fe^{2+}$), especially in root growth: $Fe^{2+}$ concentrations corresponding to 50% growth reduction were 0.3-0.4 mM at pH 3.5-5.5 in roots. This high growth inhibition should be related to the high ion activity of $Fe^{2+}$ irrespective of different pH conditions. In conclusion, low pH and high contents of $Fe^{2+}$ and aluminum seem to be caused by pyrite and be closely related to the growth inhibition of ryegrass seeded in afforested area.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.700-705
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate the quality changes and contamination of microorganisms such as Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in cherry tomatoes and head lettuces during the storage of different temperatures and periods. This study determines the pH levels, color changes and the growth patterns of microorganisms in cherry tomatoes and head lettuces during storage of 14 days at $5^{\circ}C$, $10^{\circ}C$ and $15^{\circ}C$. According to the results, the pH level is being reduced with storage periods in cherry tomatoes and head lettuces. The $L^*$, $a^*$ and $b^*$ values of cherry tomatoes are decreased with storage period, whereas the $a^*$ and $b^*$ values have increased with storage of the head lettuces. With regards to the types of microorganisms, the aerobic count plate (ACP), coliform count (CC), mold and yeast are being detected when cherry tomatoes and head lettuces are stored at $5^{\circ}C$, $10^{\circ}C$ and $15^{\circ}C$, whereas the S. aureus and E. coli are not being detected at 14 days of storage. The ACP, CC and yeast of cherry tomatoes increase with storage period, whereas the mold of cherry tomatoes was decreased after 14 days of storage. For the head lettuces, APC and CC have significantly increased with storage, whereas the mold stored at $5^{\circ}C$, $10^{\circ}C$ and $15^{\circ}C$ decreased after 21 days of storage. From these studies, we can confirm that changes in quality characteristics and the types of microorganisms existed in cherry tomatoes and head lettuces during storage were the ACP, CC, mold and yeast, whereas the E. coli and S. aureus are not detected.