• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.517-523
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• 1993

This study was designed to observe the efforts of the feeding Platycodon grandiflorum, Codonopsis ianceolata, perilla oil and safflower oil on the improvement of the lipids in the serum and liver of dietary hypercholes-terolemic rats. Experimental groups mixed with 5% cellulose+10% lard (group 1, control group), 2% cholestyramine＋10% lard (group 2), 5% C. Ianceolata+10％ perilla oil (group3). 5％ P. grandiflorum＋10% perilla oil(group 4), 5% C. ianceolata+10% safflower oil(group 5) and 5% P. grandiflorum＋10% safflower oil (group 6) were administered to the male rats of the Sprague Dawley for 3 weeks. Concentrations of total cholesterol in serum were significantly lower in the all experimental groups (2~6 groups) than in the control group, and particularly, the lowest in the group 2 and 6. Concentrations of HDL-cholesterol in serum were remarkably higher in the groups 2 and 4. The ratio of HDL-cholesterol to total cholesterol was the highest in the group 2. Atherosclerotic index was lower in the groups 2, 4 and 6. Concentrations of LDL, phospholipid and triglyceride in serum were remarkably lower in the all experimental groups than in the control group, and particularly, lower in the groups 2, 4 and 6. Concentrations of free cholesterol and cholesteryl ester in serum were significantly lower in the all experimental groups than in the control group, and particularly, the lowest in the group 2. Concentrations of glucose in blood were the lowest in the group 2. And groups 3 and 5 were slgnificantly lower. Contents of total cholesterol and triglyceride in liver were significantly lower in the all experimental groups than in the control group, and particularlyr the lowest in the groups 2 and 3. Phospholipid content was showed little differenre among groups but the lowest in the group 2. From the above research, the feeding 5% Platycodon grandiflorum＋10% perilla oil and 5% Platycodon grandiflorum＋10% safflower oil were effective on the improvement of the lipid compositions in serum and liver.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.15-26
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• 2009

This study was undertaken to determine inhibitory compounds from extracts of the softwood (larix leptolepis, Pseudotsuga menziesii) sawdust against Trichoderma spp. The sawdust of L. leptolepis and P. menziesii were hot water extracted, which were with fraction extracted organic solvents. The organic solvent extractions were carried out by n-hexane, methylene chloride, ethyl acetate. The antifungal activity of hot water extracts of L. leptolepis sawdust was determined to be 20.6% inhibition at a concentration of 1,000 ppm against Trichoderma spp. The antifungal activity of P. menziesii sawdust was outstanding about 60.3% against Trichoderma spp. The yields of the fractions of n-hexane soluble, methylene chloride soluble and ethyl acetate soluble from the hot water extract of L. leptolepis sawdust were 4.0%, 6.0% and 8.0%, repectively. However, the yields of the fractions of three solvents of P. menziesii sawdust were 8.0%, 13.0 and 14.0% correspondingly. The antifungal activity of n-hexane soluble fraction from hot water extracts of L. leptolepis sawdust was highest to about 68.5% to 79.9% against Trichoderma spp. compared to others. The antifungal activities of n-hexane soluble fraction from hot water extracts of P. menziesii sawdust showed 68.5%, 71.4%. 71.9%, 75.7% and 82.3% against T. aggressivum, T. atroviride, T. harzianum, T. koningii and T.viride, respectively. The n-hexane soluble fraction revealed much higher antifungal activity than the other fractions did. This study demonstrated that the n-hexane fraction of the hot water extracts of L. leptolepis and P. menziesii exhibited the greatest antifungal activity against Trichoderma spp.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.226-232
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• 2019

The biological wastewater treatment is more eco-friendly and can be used effectively in wastewater for a variety of purposes than that of the conventional treatment. In particular, the wastewater treatment using microalgae in biological treatment processes has attracted great attention due to its ability to remove economically nutrients from wastewater and have many advantages as a renewable energy source. This study was investigated to establish the optimal growth conditions for microalga Scenedesmus obliquus. Additionally, the removal efficiencies of nutrients (N, P) and heavy metals (Cu, Zn) from the synthetic wastewater were evaluated. As a results, the optimal growth conditions were established at $28^{\circ}C$, pH 7, and light and dark cycle of 14 : 10 h. In the evaluation of nutrient removal efficiencies at each concentrations of 500, 1,000, 5,000, and 10,000 mg/L, the removal rates were 17.6~70% N and 8.4~34% P in the single treatment and 12.0~58.0% N and 3.0~40.3% P in the binary mixture treatment. In addition, the evaluation of heavy metal removal efficiencies at each concentrations of 10, 30 and 50 mg/L, the removal rates were 13.7~40.3% Cu and 10.0~30.0% Zn in the single treatment and 16.0~40.0% Cu and 12.0~20.0% Zn in the binary mixture treatment. Based on the results of the study, it appears that Scenedesmus obliquus can be used for the removal of nutrients and heavy metals from the swine wastewater.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.15-25
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• 2023

Myriophyllum spicatum L. has been used as an ornamental in ponds and aquariums, and as a folk remedy for inflammation and pus. Nevertheless, the biological activity and underlying mechanisms of anti-inflammatory effects are unclear. This study is aimed at investigating the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activities of ethanol extract of Myriophyllum spicatum L. (EMS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Antioxidant activity of EMS was assessed by radical-scavenging effects on ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals. As inflammatory response parameters produced by LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were quantified to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of EMS. Our results showed that EMS increased FRAP and DPPH radical-scavenging activity. In EMS-treated RAW 264.7 cells, the production of NO, PGE₂, TNF-α and IL-1β was significantly inhibited at the non-cytotoxic concentration. In addition, EMS significantly attenuated LPS-stimulated the toll-like receptor (TLR) 4/myeloid differentiation protein (MyD) 88 signaling pathway, and inhibited nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB). Positive correlations were noted between anti-inflammatory activity and antioxidant activity. In conclusion, it was indicated that EMS suppresses the transcription of inflammatory factors by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby suppressing LPS-stimulated inflammation in RAW 264.7 cells. This study highlights the potential role of EMS against inflammation and associated diseases.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.944-950
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• 1993

Diodes and GaAs have been commonly used in a mixer design until recently. However, diodes are not preferred to use at the front-end of DBS receiver due to the conversion loss large noise. HEMT has larger conversion gain and better noise characteristics comparing with GaAs MESFET. This paper describes the design procedure, structure, and performance of a mixer, utilizaing HEMT designed by OKI Co. . A mixer configuration in which the local oscillator(LO) signal is applied to the gate is used. When the LO power is 0.01 dBm, the conversion gain of 3.7dB is obtained at IF and the 3 dB bandwidth is 400MMz.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.315-327
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• 2012

Red saprolites are appeared in granitic hills in Yeongam, Southern Korean Peninsula. These red saprolites were analyzed for their geochemistry, including CIA, A-CN-K and A-CNK-FM ternary plots, to understand the chemical weathering trend and rubefaction of the saprolites. These saprolites were compared with laterite profiles in Cameroon formed under humid tropical conditions. The red saprolites in Yeongam show commonly massive loss of CaO, $Na_2O$, but $K_2O$ is being slow. The red saprolites in Yeongam relative to laterite and kaolinite profiles of Cameroon and Spain show weak chemical alteration owing to slow removal of $K_2O$, but high mafic constituents, $Fe_2O_3$ and MgO, for most of the samples. In the saprolites of Yeongam, mafic oxides become enriched because of the fast and massive removal of alkali constituents, such as CaO, $Na_2O$ and $K_2O$, relative to other elements, resulting in rubefaction of the saprolites. It is found that the rubefaction of the saprolites is not necessarily proportional to chemical weathering intensity.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.128-134
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• 2009

In this paper, we propose a new lumped Wilkinson power divider which is designed to have lower quality-factors in the impedance transformation. Therefore, it can provide wider bandwidth than the conventional one. Moreover, the proposed power divider consists of fewer number of elements so that the circuit size can be further reduced. Simulation results show that the proposed lumped power divider allows a 50% wider bandwidth in the return loss and isolation performance. The conventional and new Wilkinson power was designed and fabricated based on the derived equations at 2.0 GHz. In the measurement, the proposed divider achieved a good performance with an input return loss ($S_{11}$) of -23.0 dB, an isolation ($S_{23}$) of -29.0 dB and an insertion loss ($S_{21}$) of -3.12 dB at the design frequency with wider bandwidth than the conventional one.

• Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.51 no.6
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• pp.459-479
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• 2014

This paper considers experimental and numerical studies on added resistance in waves. As the numerical methods, three different methods, strip method, Rankine panel method and Cartesian-grid method, are applied. The computational results of vertical motion response and added resistance are compared with the experimental data of Series 60($C_B=0.8$) hull, S175 containership and KVLCC2 hull. To investigate the influence of above-still water hull form, a Rankine panel method is extended to two nonlinear methods: weakly-nonlinear and weak-scatterer approaches. As nonlinear computational models, three ships are considered: original KVLCC2 hull, 'Ax-bow' and 'Leadge-bow' hulls. Two of the three models are modified hull forms of original KVLCC2 hull, aiming the reduction of added resistance. The nonlinear computational results are compared with linear results, and the improvement of computational result is discussed. As experimental approach, a series of towing-tank experiment for ship motions and added resistance on the three models (original KVLCC2 hull, 'Ax-bow' and 'Leadge-bow') are carried out. For the original KVLCC2 hull, uncertainty analysis in the measurement of vertical motion response and added resistance is performed in three waves conditions: ${\lambda}/L=0.5$, 1.1, 2.0. From the experimental results, the effects of hull form on added resistance are discussed.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.223-230
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• 1990

Gelatinization properties of heat-moisture treated Olchal(japonica) and Hankangchalbyeo(j x indica) waxy rice starches were compared. The blue value, light transmittance of starch suspension and viscosity in sodium hydroxide solution were similar between two starches. Olchal starch showed lower water binding capacity, swelling power md peak viscosity by amylograph than Hankangchalbyeo starch. Upon heat-moisture treatments all above parameters were decreased. The critical sodium hydroxide concentration for gelatinization was increased by treatments. The initial pasting temperature of Olchal starch was higher than that of Hankarlgchalbyeo. All amylograph reference points increased by the treatments, except the maximum viscosity or 2l% moisture-treated Olchal starch. Starches treated at 18% moisture level showd the highest value of consistency index. The activation energy of consistency index for gelatinized Olchal starch was lower than that for Hankangchalbyeo starch. The heat-moisture treatments had no effect on activation energy.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.22 no.3 s.56
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• pp.193-197
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• 1983

In 1981 Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus (RBSDV) was severely occurred in Yeongnam area of Korea. The influence of RBSDV to rice plant was studied with two susceptible cultivars, Nagdongbyeo and Cheongcheongbyeo. The stunting rate was determined by the percentage of plant height of infected plants vs. healthy plants. When the rice plants were severely stunted by RBSDV, the yield components and yield were greatly reduced. The stunting of rice plants infected with RBSDV was caused mostly by the shortening of internodes in upper parts of the culm. The relationship between stunting rate of rice plants and yield was shown to have a negative exponential correlation. The regression equations of the relationship are experssed as follows: In Cheongcheongbyeo $Y=46.6lxe^{-0.0624_\chi}$, and in Nagdongbyeo $Y=54.82xe^{-0.067_\chi}$.