• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
• /
• 제35권2호
• /
• pp.131-136
• /
• 2008

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and oil containing unsaturated fatty acid supplementation on egg production and quality in laying hens. Two hundred-eighty eight, 36 week old ISA brown commercial layer, were employed in a 5 week feeding trial. Dietary treatments are 1) BO (basal diet + 1% soybean oil + 1% oat), 2) BS (basal diet + 1% safflower oil + 1% oat), 3) BF (basal diet + 1% free fatty acid + 1% oat), 4) CD (basal diet + 1% CLA containing diglyceride + 1% oat), 5) CT (basal diet + 1% CLA containing triglyceride + 1% oat) and 6) CP (basal diet + 1% CLA by-product + 1% soybean oil). For overall period, hen-day egg production was not significant among treatments (P>0.05). Egg shell breaking strength at 3 weeks in CP treatment was significantly lower than BS, BF, CD and CT treatments (P<0.05) and that at 4 weeks in BO and CP treatments was significantly lower than others (P<0.05). Egg shell thickness at 3 and 4 weeks in CP treatment was significantly lower than BS, BF, CD and CT treatments (P<0.05). Egg weight at 3 and 4 weeks in CP treatment was significantly lower than others (P<0.05). Yolk height at 4 weeks in BF and CT treatments was significantly highest compared to BO, CD and CP treatments (P<0.05) and among BO, CD and CP treatments, that in BO and CD treatments was significantly higher than CP treatment (P<0.05). At 4 weeks, yolk color in CP treatment was significantly higher than BO and BS treatments (P<0.05). Haugh unit at 3 and 4 weeks in BO and CP treatments was significantly lower than others (P<0.05). In conclusion, supplementing CLA and oil containing unsaturated fatty acid for laying hens improved egg shell breaking strength, egg shell thickness, egg weight, yolk height, yolk color and haugh unit.

• BMB Reports
• /
• 제28권5호
• /
• pp.382-386
• /
• 1995

One of the reaction pathways in light-invoked signal transduction can be initiated through ion fluxes across the plasma membrane in higher plants. We isolated protoplasts from oat coleoptile and examined the effects of light on the membrane potential using a membrane potential-sensitive fluorescent probe (bisoxonol). Both red and far-red light initially induced a hyperpolarization in oat cells. Red light-induced hyperpolarization was effectively dissipated by 100 mM $K^+$, but the hyperpolarization induced by far-red light was not depolarized by any of the cations ($K^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Li^+$, $Na^+$) tested. The depolarization induced by red light and $K^+$ was inhibited by 200 mM TEA, which is a $K^+$ channel blocker. These results suggest that $K^+$ influx through the inward $K^+$ channel may be a depolarization path in the phytochrome-mediated signal transduction.

• Journal of Photoscience
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 1995

The activity of phospholipase A$_2$ (PLA$_2$) was identified and characterized from cytosolic and membrane fractions of oat cells, respectively. PLA$_2$ activity was determined fluorometrically in the presence of serum albumin using phospholipids labeled at sn-2-acyl position with 10-pyrenyldecanoic acid. When the cell-free extracts of oat tissues were fractionated by ultracentrifugation at 100,000 x g and the PLA$_2$ activity was assayed, we found that most of the PLA$_2$ activity was revealed from the cytoplasmic fraction rather than from the membrane fraction. The activity of cytosolic PLA$_2$ was dependent on Ca$^{2+}$ concentration and the optimum concentration of Ca$^{2+}$ was found to be 100 $\mu$M. It was also found that PLA$_2$ could be translocated toward the membrane site from the cytosol upon increasing Ca$^{2+}$ concentration. These results might suggest that an increased [Ca$^{2+}$]$_i$ by phytochrome action could promote the translocation of the cytosolic PLA$_2$ toward the membrane site.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.159-162
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this research was to study the effects of initial moisture levels and extrusion temperatures on dietary fiber, nitrogen solubility index, available lysine, and the in vitro protein digestibility of extruded oat productes. The dehulled grains were ground in a Brabender quadrumat Senior mill and the coarse fraction, with higher crude protein, lipids and dietary fiber were conditioned on various mositre levels (15.5~25.5%) and extruded in a Brabender single-screw laboratory extruder. The extrudates showed a higher amount of soluble dietary fiber (8.14%) than in the raw material . However, the extrusion process affected the nutritional value of the protein due to a decrease in available lysine with increased temperature . The in vitro protein digestibility was unaffected by initial moisture levels and the extrusion temperatures examined.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.115-123
• /
• 2021

The purpose of this study was to determine the virulence structure of oat powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. avenae, Bga) populations in Poland collected in 2014 and 2015. Powdery mildew isolates were collected from 18 locations in Poland. In total, nine lines and cultivars of oat, with different mildew resistance genes, were used to assess virulence of 180 isolates. The results showed that a significant proportion of the Bga isolates found in Poland were virulent to differentials with Pm1, Pm3, Pm6, and Pm3 + Pm8 genes. In contrast Pm4, Pm5, Pm2, and Pm7 genes were classified as resistant to all pathogen isolates used in the experiment. Based on obtained results we can state that there are differences in virulence pattern and diversity parameters between sites and years, but clear trends are not deducible.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Grassland Science Conference
• /
• 한국초지조사료학회 2005년도 학술심포지엄, 제43회 학술발표회
• /
• pp.168-169
• /
• 2005

• Korean Journal of Weed Science
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.368-373
• /
• 1992

The effect of alachlor treatment on protein synthesis was studied. Protein synthesis was inhibited by $1{\times}10^{-4}$ M and $1{\times}10^{-3}$M of alachlor 5.8% and 86.5%, respectively, while did not occur blow $1{\times}10^{-5}$M alachlor. Soluble protein of alachlor treated oat root tips was examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The proteins extracted from oat root tips showed that they were made up of subunits blow 100 kd polypeptides by SDS-PAGE. As compared to control, high molecular proteins(above 47 kd) were inhibited of oat root treated with alachlor, while low molecular proteins(below 23 kd) were increased. Two-D gels showed that alachlor caused decrease(1-6 spots) or increase(7-10 spots) in number of polypeptides on silver staining. The intensity of some polypeptides of soluble proteins (molecular mass of 83 kd : 1, 2 spots, 70 kd : 3, 4 spots, and 47.5 kd : 5, 6 spots) decreased in alachlor treatment, whereas the intensity of other peptide bands (20 kd : 7 spot and 16 kd : 8, 9, 10 spots) increased. Oat root tip proteins present in the neutral zone are masked by diffusing of major proteins, but proteins in acid zone are resolved minor proteins.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• 제43권9호
• /
• pp.1462-1466
• /
• 2014

In this study, an attempt was made to produce oat protein concentrates from defatted oat groat by alkali extraction. Independent variables formulated by D-optimal design were NaOH concentration (X1, 0.005~0.06 N) for extraction and precipitation pH (X2, pH 4.0~6.0), and the dependent variable was extraction yield (Y1, %). Experimental results were analyzed by response surface methodology to determine optimized extraction conditions. Extraction yield increased both with an increase in NaOH concentration of the extraction solution and when approaching a precipitation pH of 4.9, and NaOH concentrations were a major influencing parameter. Solubility of oat protein concentrates showed a minimum value (i.e., 0.1%) at pH 5 and increased substantially at pH values in the range of ${\leq}$ pH 3 or ${\geq}$ pH 7, reaching a maximum value at pH 11 (i.e., 76%). Regression equation coincided well with the results of the experiment. Optimized extraction conditions to maximize extraction yield were 0.06 N NaOH (X1) for extraction and pH 4.7 (X2) for precipitation.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.81-86
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different seeding dates on agronomic characteristics, forage quality, dry matter (DM) and dry matter digestible (DDM) yields of sudangrass hybrid (Sorghum bicolor(L.) Moench) and oat (Avena sativaL.) at Seongju in Kyeongbuk from 2012 to 2013. The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design with three replications. Sudangrass was seeded five times seeding dates of 10 days interval ranging from $1^{th}$ August to $10^{th}$ September in 2012 and 2013. Oat was seeded three times seeding dates of 10 days interval ranging from $20^{th}$ August to $10^{th}$ September in 2013. Sudangrass was harvested on $26^{th}$ October, 2012 and $2^{nd}$ November, 2013. Plant length and DM content decreased with delaying seeing date. The DM and DDM yields of sudangrass were higher (P<0.05) in first seeding date than all other seeding dates and decreased with delaying seeding dates (P<0.05). The DM and DDM yields of oat were higher (P<0.05) in first and second seeding dates than third seeding date. The results of this study indicated that early seeding of sudangrass would be a recommended than late seeding after $20^{th}$ of August, and late seeding of oat after $30^{th}$ August would be recommened for DM and DDM yields in the Southern Korea.

• Food Science and Preservation
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.547-553
• /
• 2003

To develop the health and functional food material from oats, this study was conducted to determine the biologiral activities(antibacterial, antioxidative and mtltmor effects) of oat bran's soluble ${\beta}$-glucans obtained from oat bran concentrate(OBC) by central composite experimental design. The antibacterial effect of oat's ${\beta}$-glucans in the concentration of 250, 500$\mu\textrm{g}$/disc was not detected by paper disc method, and no antioxidative effect of them in the concentration of 5％ by electron donating ability. The growth inhibition on tumor cell lines of oat's soluble ${\beta}$ -glucans was significantly higher in the experimental fraction of No. 7(temperature 45$^{\circ}C$, ethanol 15%, pH 6) than the other fractions(p<0.05). The maximal values of growth inhibitions on AGS, Hep3B and A549 cell lines in the cancentration of 1mg/ml are 59%, 58% and 54% respectively. In addition, the inhibition effect on three tumor cell lines of No. 1(temperature 5$^{\circ}C$, ethanol 5%, pH 6) was relatively high. From the results of response surface methodology, as the values of independent variables changed, they influenced the growth inhibition effect on this cell lines. With this on work further research is required to clarify antitumor effects.