• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.527-534
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• 2016

DEXA는 골다공증 진단에 가장 많이 사용되는 표준 측정법이다. 현재 국내에서 운영되고 있는 DEXA 장치는 5,671대이다. 본 연구에서는 국내에서 설치 운영되고 있는 DEXA장비의 품질관리 실태를 조사하였다. 3,000개 기관을 대상으로 한 설문 조사에서 12.6%의 응답을 받아 그 결과를 분석하였다. 결과에서 77.5%가 일일 품질관리를 시행하고 있으나 Shewhart chart는 68.5%, CUSUM chart는 86.0%가 모르거나 사용하지 않는다고 답하여 정확한 품질관리가 되지 않는 것으로 조사되었다. 정확한 골밀도 검사는 환자의 골절의 위험도를 산정하기 위한 자료로 활용된다. 하지만 부적절한 검사는 오진을 유발할 가능성을 높여준다. 따라서 정확한 골밀도 검사를 위해서는 적절한 보조기구를 사용하고 장치의 품질관리를 반드시 시행하여 장치와 자세에 대한 오차를 줄이고 검사 의료진의 교육을 통해 오류 요인을 줄이는 것이 필수적이다.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2007년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2007
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• pp.438-441
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• 2007

Recently, due to molecular biology and engineering technology, DNA microarray makes people watch thousands of genes and the state of variation from the tissue samples of living body. With DNA Microarray, it is possible to construct a genetic group that has similar expression patterns and grasp the progress and variation of gene. This paper practices Cluster Analysis which purposes the discovery of biological subgroup or class by using gene expression information. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to predict a new class which is unknown, open leukaemia data are used for the experiment, and MCL (Markov CLustering) algorithm is applied as an analysis method. The MCL algorithm is based on probability and graph flow theory. MCL simulates random walks on a graph using Markov matrices to determine the transition probabilities among nodes of the graph. If you look at closely to the method, first, MCL algorithm should be applied after getting the distance by using Euclidean distance, then inflation and diagonal factors which are tuning modulus should be tuned, and finally the threshold using the average of each column should be gotten to distinguish one class from another class. Our method has improved the accuracy through using the threshold, namely the average of each column. Our experimental result shows about 70% of accuracy in average compared to the class that is known before. Also, for the comparison evaluation to other algorithm, the proposed method compared to and analyzed SOM (Self-Organizing Map) clustering algorithm which is divided into neural network and hierarchical clustering. The method shows the better result when compared to hierarchical clustering. In further study, it should be studied whether there will be a similar result when the parameter of inflation gotten from our experiment is applied to other gene expression data. We are also trying to make a systematic method to improve the accuracy by regulating the factors mentioned above.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2020

Purpose: The Act on Hospice and Palliative Care and Decisions on Life-Sustaining Treatment for Patients at the End of Life came into force in February 2018 in Korea. This study reviews the practices of end-of-life care for patients who withdrew or withheld life-sustaining treatment at a tertiary care hospital, addresses the limitations of the law, and discusses necessary steps to promote patient-centered self-determination. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients who died after agreeing to withhold life-sustaining treatment in 2018 at our university hospital. The cause of death, the intensity of end-of-life care, and other characteristics were reviewed and statistically analyzed. Results: Of a total of 334 patients, 231 (69%) died from cancer. The decision to stop life-sustaining treatment was made by family members for 178 patients overall (53.3%) and for 101 (43.7%) cancer patients, regardless of the patient's wishes. When the patient decided to stop life-sustaining treatment, the time from the authorization to withhold life-sustaining treatment to death was longer than when the decision was made by family members (28.7±41.3 vs 10.5±23.2 days, P<0.001). Conclusion: In many cases, the decision to discontinue life-sustaining treatment was made by the family, not by the patient. In order to protect human dignity based on the patients' self-determination, it is necessary for patients to understand their disease based on careful explanations from physicians. Ongoing survey-based research will be necessary in the future.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.227-229
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• 2017

Fibrosis of skeletal muscle following acupuncture is an iatrogenic disorder. The present case illustrates a patient with a unilateral fibrotic formation on a thumb muscle after acupuncture injection therapy with red sage. The patient in the present case was a counter-terrorism police officer with right-handedness; he noted a palpable nodule three months after injection therapy at his left first dorsal interosseous in which the acupuncture point LI4 (He Gu) is located. He also found a reduction in the strength of his left pinch grip that noticeably affected his left handgun marksmanship. However, being ambidextrous in single-hand pistol shooting is an essential requirement for counter-terrorism police officers. Based on the patient's medical history and claims, no underlying disease or trauma was found to be associated with his current complaint. During physical examination, a fibrotic formation in his left first dorsal interosseous muscle was visualized by using diagnostic ultrasound; also, as confirmed with dynamometry, the strength of his left pinch grip was significantly lower than that of the right counterpart. Because acupuncture injection therapy has three components, antiseptic practices, the mechanical action of syringe insertion, and the pharmacological effect of the sterile herb extract, any one of the components may have contributed to the present adverse event. The first dorsal interosseous muscle is small in dimension and rather vascular; thus, it is not an ideal site for intramuscular injection. When a clinician needs to treat a patient by performing acupuncture at the LI4 acupoint and injecting a herbal extract simultaneously, the clinician should only mechanically stimulate the LI4 acupoint while injecting the herbal medicine into the LI14 (Bi Noe) acupoint on the same meridian, the LI14 acupoint being located in the distal portion of the deltoid muscle and being fairly close to the universally agreed upon site on the upper arm for safe administration of an injection.

• 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.183-191
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• 2015

최근 IT 기술이 발전함에 따라 실시간 심전도 모니터링이 가능해 졌으며, 이는 의료정보교환을 위한 HL7 표준의 전도 유망한 응용 중 하나로 인식되고 있다. 하지만 HL7 메시지 내 데이터 중복으로 인한 메시지의 크기 및 생성시간의 증가로 인해 HL7 표준을 실시간 심전도 모니터링에 바로 적용하기에는 무리가 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 실시간 심전도 모니터링에 적합한 HL7 메시지의 간소화 전략을 제안한다. 다양한 형식의 심전도 데이터를 Feature Scaling을 거쳐 정형화된 포맷으로 조정하고 HL7 규약에 순응하는 메시지를 생성한다. 또한 HL7 ORU 메시지 내의 중복되는 OBX 필드를 제거하기 위해 De-Duplication 알고리즘을 수행한다. 이를 통해 기존의 HL7 표준 적용 대비 메시지의 생성시간은 최대 51%, 크기는 최대 1/8로 줄일 수 있음을 실험적으로 확인하였다.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.229-238
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• 2006

Although, mercury (Hg) is not a naturally abundant element in the environment, residues frequently occur in many environmental compartments because of widespread contamination from industrial and agricultural practices. This research evaluated Hg-B concentrations of general population who was not occupationally exposed. And also evaluates the association between life factor and health effect with Hg-B concentration of general adult through interrelationship estimation and index about kidney function and oxidative damage that appeared by questionnaire survey and medical examination. Average concentration of Hg-B was 3.19 $\mu$g/L (ND$\sim$8.64 $\mu$g/L), and persons who exceed mercury exposure level (5 $\mu$g/L) presented in WHO (1990) appeared by 16 (7.0%). High-risk group (smoking and meat main intake group) had significantly higher Hg-B concentration than low-risk group (non-smoking and vegetable diet main intake group) (p < 0.05, low-risk group: 3.30 $\mu$g/L (ND$\sim$8.64 $\mu$g/L), high-risk group: 4.27 $\mu$g/L (ND$\sim$7.84 $\mu$g/L).

• 한국병원경영학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.131-160
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was 1) to understand the job transfer in education & training(E&T) programs & organizational situational characteristics, and 2) to analyze the effects of the E&T programs & organizational situational characteristic groups on each of the levels of job transfer. There is intimate relationship between E&T programs characteristics & organizational situational characteristics and job transfer, so we can't think of them separately. With this point of view the most frequently discussed problem is how to apply the theory in actual job, but in reality it's true that the improvement of job transfer can't reach the expectations of the E&T programs. In literature view study, the concepts of job transfer in E&T, the general theory on E&T, and the actual condition and points at issue of the existing E&T practices in the medium and small-sized hospitals were defined. As the results from empirical analysis, we could find followings: First, in evaluation of the job transfer, demographic characteristics (seniority, occupational category, position) variables have a significant different. Second, in degree of the job transfer, E&T programs characteristics(contents of E&T, design of E&T, conditions of E&T, teaching ability of lecturer, methods of E&T) variables have a different influence upon each of the evaluation levels of E&T. Third, support of CEO variables have a different influence on the job transfer according to contents, design, conditions of the E&T programs. Fourth, support of co-works variables have a different influence on the job transfer according to design, conditions, method of the E&T programs. Fifty, support of organizational atmosphere variables have a different influence on the job transfer according to contents, design, conditions of the E&T programs.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권7호
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• pp.21-27
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• 2016

빅데이터가 다양한 산업 분야에서 모든 관심을 끌고 있다. 사물과 사물 간 연결과 모바일 장치들의 용도 확대는 데이터의 폭발적인 증가를 불러오고 있다. 이러한 데이터를 분석하여 민간과 공공 분야에서는 비용 절감과 생산성 분야에 있어서 혜택을 누리고 있다. 한국 정부는 이러한 활용을 촉진하기 위해서, 빅데이터 산업발전전략을 활발하게 추진하고 있다. 본 연구는 빅데이터의 적극적인 육성이 필요한 산업 분야를 전문가의 검증을 통해 선정하였다. 전문가의 50여명의 체계적인 의견 도출을 위해 계층분석법(AHP)을 적용하였다. 분석 결과 의료,복지, 운송/창고보관업, 정보통신/정보보안, 에너지, 금융 분야가 빅데이터 적용이 유망한 것으로 확인되었다. 도출 결과는 앞으로 빅데이터 시범사업으로 인한 모범사례의 발굴 등에 활용되어 빅데이터 산업 발전에 기여할 것이다.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제51권5호
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• pp.298-315
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• 2021

Purpose: Peri-implantitis therapy and implant maintenance are fundamental practices to enhance the longevity of zirconia implants. However, the use of physical decontamination methods, including hand instruments, polishing devices, ultrasonic scalers, and laser systems, might damage the implant surfaces. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the effects of physical decontamination methods on zirconia implant surfaces. Methods: A systematic search was conducted using 5 electronic databases: Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane. Hand searching of the OpenGrey database, reference lists, and 6 selected dental journals was also performed to identify relevant studies satisfying the eligibility criteria. Results: Overall, 1049 unique studies were identified, of which 11 studies were deemed suitable for final review. Air-abrasive devices with glycine powder, prophylaxis cups, and ultrasonic scalers with non-metal tips were found to cause minimal to no damage to implantgrade zirconia surfaces. However, hand instruments and ultrasonic scalers with metal tips have the potential to cause major damage to zirconia surfaces. In terms of laser systems, diode lasers appear to be the most promising, as no surface alterations were reported following their use. Conclusion: Air-abrasive devices and prophylaxis cups are safe for zirconia implant decontamination due to preservation of the implant surface integrity. In contrast, hand instruments and ultrasonic scalers with metal tips should be used with caution. Recommendations for the use of laser systems could not be fully established due to significant heterogeneity among included studies, but diode lasers may be the best-suited system. Further research-specifically, randomised controlled trials-would further confirm the effects of physical decontamination methods in a clinical setting.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.83-89
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• 2023

Background: With advances in safety measures for anesthesia, conscious sedation has gained popularity in the field of dentistry and has become essential in dental practice worldwide. However, in Tanzania, intravenous (IV) sedation is rarely practiced in the dental field. Therefore, we report the establishment of sustainable IV conscious sedation in dental practices and subsequently train local OMS residents in Tanzania. Methods: In 2019, intravenous conscious sedation was initiated at the University Dental Clinic of the Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Science (MUHAS), Tanzania. During the preparatory phase of the program, local oral and maxillofacial surgeons (OMSs) were given a series of lecture notes that concentrated on different aspects of IV conscious sedation in dentistry. During the on-site training phase, an oral surgeon from the United States joined the OMSs for case selection, IV-conscious sedation procedures, and patient follow-up. Patients were recruited from existing patient records at the MUHAS Dental Clinic. Results: The first conscious IV sedation program in dentistry was successfully launched at the University Dental Clinic in Tanzania. The local team of OMSs was trained on the safe administration of sedative agents (midazolam or ketamine) to perform various minor surgical procedures in a dental office. Nine patients with different ages, body masses, and medical conditions benefited from the training. No complications were associated with IV conscious sedation in the dental office. Conclusion: This was the first successful "hands-on" training on IV conscious sedation provided to OMSs in Tanzania. It laid the foundation for the sustainable care of patients with special needs requiring oral health-related care in the country.