• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.1-10
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• 2002

Dreams are experiences of life that is recognized to have taken place in .the mind while asleep. The phenomenon of dreams is occured by external stimuli such as somatic factor and emotion-arousing pre-sleep stimuli. The contents of dreams reflect the dreamer's unique psychic situation, we can view them from category of Yin and Yang and the Five Elements(陰陽五行). Also dreams are characterized by an objectivity that provides whatever in necessary for psychic balance, regardless of the ego's wishes. Hence dreams are objective sources of psychotherapy. The doctor must not treat patient by the doctor's subject mind. The Orient has taken the idea that human beings have the divine center in the heart, so dreams in the psychotherapy of the oriental medicine are more valuable as representation of inner world. The images of dream are classified as the deficiency and excessiveness of Yin-Ki and Yang-Ki of the internal organs, an property and source of stimulus. Dream applies to diagnose the disease of internal organs and to decide to the method of medical treatment.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.129-137
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• 2000

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the attitude toward the oriental hospital among 1,234 outpatients. Methods: A questionnaire about the general characteristics of patients, the decision-maker of use and the reason of choice or alteration was implemented. Results: The results of this survey as follows: Among outpatients 56.4 % were female in sex, 25.6 % were below 9 years of age; in educational level, 50.1 % were college graduates. Among outpatients, 33.6% chose the oriental hospital as their first choice and the rest were recommended by other persons. The recommenders were mostly relatives(73.9 %), female(73.4 %), young(30-39 years old, 40.1 %), high educational level (above the college, 54.9 %) people. 37.8 % among outpatients were secondary selection after the western medical clinic for the same symptom and sign. 7.0 % were the concomitant users of both therapies. 62.8 % among the concomitant users did not notify the western doctor about the dual therapies. The reasons they did not notify their Western doctors were 'be afraid of western doctor s bias' (42.6 %), 'no special reason' (29.6 %). Conclusions: The appropriate transfer system between oriental and western clinic must be constructed and the proper recognition about dual therapies will be needed among patients and doctors who practice both kinds of medicine.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.121-135
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• 2012

Objectives: This article describes the effectiveness of, and student satisfaction with, the medical interview course. Methods: In the years 2010 and 2011, forty-two students took the medical interview course at the School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University. The evaluation of the course was conducted using student questionnaires. Results: The students believed that learning medical interview skills was very helpful, and there was an increase in the number of students who thought they could improve their skills by learning the medical interview course contents. Also, they have come to feel that 'building a relationship' is the most important skill in the medical interview process. We used experiential teaching methods such as doctor-patient role-playing, and the students rated that method better than others. In addition, the students responded that the appropriate time to take a medical interview course is in the middle of a clinical practice. They also thought that the current credit value of the course was appropriate. Moreover, the students wanted to add some specific contents about specialized communication skills for Korean medical treatment. Conclusions: The medical interview course received a favorable evaluation from the students who finished the course. Among the course contents, they were most concerned with building the doctor-patient relationship. Also, they preferred experiential teaching methods more than didactic methods. The current timing and credit value of the medical interview class was evaluated as appropriate, and the students felt that communication skills specific to Korean medical treatment need to be taught. Therefore, we conclude the medical interview course is important and is worth considering as an independent course.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.3
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• pp.444-500
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• 1989

I have felt seriously a desire to study and analyse the medicine of the period of the Three Kingdoms when I thought and studied the ancient medical history. Therefore in Chapter II I inquired into the background of Politico-social and the currency of thought. In the Chapter III inquired into the system of Medical politics in the period of the Three Kingdoms. In the Chapter IV inquired into the general view of the period of the Three Kingdoms. In the Chapter V inquired into the writings of Medicine and Doctors. From this study, I reached at following-conclusions. 1. The Three Kingdoms are politically opposed to each other, but socialo culturaly cooperated, connected each other to import the technique and thought which developed in China, so generally their system and life pattern are alike. 2. On the system of medical politcics Goguryeo(高句麗) had the system of court phisician, Baek jeo(百濟) had medical doctor and collector in the Ministry of Drug which took charge of teaching and medical treatment and specially had spellchanting doctor who treat epidermic and psychological diease untreated with herb and acupuncture, Shilla(新羅) had the system of Yak chun which was charge of teaching and treatment, and had the Chimbang(針房) which assist doctor in the system of Yagchun(藥典制度). 3. The medical interchange with China made the Three Kingdoms to import the medical books. So the theory of medicine was systematized and the art of treatment developed. In the aspect of Herb the Three Kingdoms and China actively exchange their own district product. 4. The medicine of Three Kingdoms accommodated Yin Yang Ohang theory(陰陽五行說), the theory of body compose with four element(四大 : 地水火風) and the theory of life cultivation and breathing(導引養生說) with Therefore in many aspect of oriental medicine basic theory and treatment would improved. 5. The epidermic diease occurred in period of Three Kingdoms, is represented Yeok(疫), that is after all Ohn Diease(溫病), and epidermic diease, is relfected by earthquake, heavy rain, terrible droughty and eclipse of sun. The treatment of this diease did not developed in that time, we presume that there are many persons killed. 6. As the record of five starr(五星), comet(彗星) and eclipse of sun was showed, the astronomy of oriental medicine in the Three Kingdoms was high level and it became the mothers womb of Korean astronomy. 7. The medicine of the Three Kingdoms, concreted with Chinese medicine and their own ancient one, was reflect on Japanese medicine to improve the medical theory and treatment. 8. The Three Kingdoms peculiarly published Korea Nosabang(高麗老師方) Baekjyeo Shinjipbang(百濟新集方), so this independent medicine reflected on the development of natural hurb(鄕約) of the period of Korea(高麗).

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.126-149
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• 2011

Purpose: KCDO-3(Korean Classification of Diseases(Oriental Medicine)-third edition) being used in January, 2010 accepted the KCD(Korean Classification of Diseases) and added disease pattern and syndrome of oriental medicine. But, the diagnoses of oriental medicine are too uncertain to express in A00-Z99(KCD). In this case, you should choose in U codes under the KCD use guidelines, but U codes are not capable of representing the symptoms too. So, we suggest the use criteria and consider the weakness of the U codes with medical records of patients who visited with amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea. Methods: We referred medical records of patients who visited oriental obstetrics and gynecology from January 1st to December 31st, 2010. From among them, we set up 122 patients who related with emmeniopathy as target group and searched codes distribution based on medical records. And we described that the process of choosing appropriate codes based on the medical records of 49 amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea patients. Results and Conclusions: The emmeniopathy is divided into menstrual disorder, amenorrhea and systemic disorders at the period of menstruation. And emmeniopathy is expressed in some codes such as N91, N92, N93, N94, U321, U77. When a patient visit hospital, a doctor should choose causal codes when there is confirmed diagnosis. Otherwise, a doctor chooses symptom codes. And if there are more than two diagnosis consistent with definition of chief condition, a doctor should code the first listed diagnosis as a chief condition. Because KCD-5 is classified according to western medical diagnosis, it is difficult to choose in KCD-5 when we diagnosed with disease pattern and syndrome of oriental medicine. But U codes are also deficient to express various condition of emmeniopathy. So we should add 'deficiency and detriment of the thoroughfare and conception vessels', 'prolonged menstruation' and various systemic disorders at the period of menstruation.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.24-39
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• 2018

Objectives : The purpose of this survey is to examine Korean medical doctor's prescription status of Jaungo. Methods : The questionnaire was distributed via e-mail to Korean medical doctors who were registered in the association of Korean medicine from December 26th 2017 to February 5th 2018. We screened out respondents who didn't meet screening criteria. Results : Total 325 respondents completed answers, and the computerized data were analyzed. 74.7% of respondents were provided Jaungo from outside (extramural herbal dispensaries, pharmaceutical company). Almost all of the respondents (98.2%) were prescribing Jaungo in the form of ointment, and the cream container was the most commonly used container. In chief Indications of Jaungo were skin dryness (83.1%), pruritus (67.7%), burns (64.0%), and atopic dermatitis (60.9%). More than 60% of the respondents were prescribing Jaungo without additional herbs or additives. Most of patients were educated to apply Jaungo thinly to the affected area once or twice a day or frequently. Reason for dissatisfaction about Jaungo of patient were due to staining clothes (59.1%), offensive smell (44.0%), and poor texture (26.5%). Conclusions : Jaungo is a topical herbal agent frequently used in the Korean medicine. This is the first survey figure out current status of topical herbal agent in Korean medical doctors. The result of this study would contribute to progressing treatment method using topical herbal agent.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.61-74
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• 2015

Objectives: The main purpose of this study is to find a solution for modernized classification of herbal medicinal preparations in dual medical systems. Through this study, we expect to provide a reasonable foundation of herbal medicine for public health. Methods: We studied legal or technical terms of herbal medicinal preparations from the past regulations, and through this procedure, we could suggest clear definitions of terms for herbal medicinal preparations. We also investigated documents for approval of herbal medicinal preparation from US, EU(European union), The People's Republic of China, Japan, so that we can refer to them to revise regulation for appropriate use of herbal preparations. Results: In Korea pharmaceutical affairs act, any basis of 'Crude drugs' does not exist. But in some subordinary notifications, the way that they use the 'Natural product medicine' is used as a means of limiting basic rights of doctor or pharmacist of Korean medicine compared to doctor or pharmacist. At the same time, in subordinary notifications, provisions are vague and not enough for scientific evidence of Korean medicine. Thus, we re-categorized herbal medicinal preparations into new drugs, drugs made from herbal medicinal preparations and suggested requirements for drug approval. Conclusions: Instead of using the term 'Crude drug preparations', and we should use term 'Herbal medicinal preparations' in related act and notification. And also we suggest to amend subordinary regulations and documents for approval of herbal medicinal preparations. Through this, we can make herbal medicinal preparations be more industrialized.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.667-671
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• 2013

The aim of this study was to know the current management status in Korean medical clinics (KMC) and the awareness of Korean medicine doctor. The simple random extraction method from the membership list of 'The Association of Korean Medicine' in 2010 was used for survey. The questionnaire which had used in 2008 was revised, and those were sent to each KMC by mail. A total of 107 data were acquired and frequency analysis was conducted. The result showed that the annual average employees working in each KMC was 2.9 persons and the number of daily outpatient was 33.8 person in 2010. The proportion of sales covered by medical insurance at KMC has been increasing annually as 42.9%, 43.5%, and 44.8% of total sales, whereas the uninsured sales was 57.1%, 56.5%, and 55.2% of total sales in 2008, 2009, and 2010 respectively. All of the responders recognized that the current situation of Korean medical service market was not good and the reason was mainly resulted from undeveloped medical technique, popularized use of functional foods for health and alternative medical care by Western medicine. To expand Korean medical service, the expansion of sales covered by public health medical insurance, government support and advertizement for public relation were needed.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.99-118
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• 2008

Objectives : This study aimed to understand the satisfaction degree of patients due to traffic accident(TA) in order to provide basic data which would give help not only to improve the quality of services, but also to strengthen the competitiveness of oriental medical hospitals on sequela of TA patients. Methods : The data were collected from inpatients and outpatients who answered a self-report questionnaire. Independent t-test, analysis of variance(ANOVA), $X^2$-test, correlation analysis were used for data analysis. Results : According to the research on medical satisfaction degree, the overall satisfaction degree was 4.141. On each field, satisfaction degree related to the doctor service recorded the highest degree among others(4.474). Satisfaction degree related to the appropriateness of service was the second(4.091). On the other hand, satisfaction degree of using procedure was the lowest degree(3.857). On the difference of degrees of satisfaction by general characteristics, patients who were unemployed houseworker group showed lower doctor service satisfaction degree than that of other groups. However, on the difference of degrees of satisfaction related to other general characteristics, there were no significant differences(p<0.05). Conclusions : The service distribution of oriental medical hospital was almost equal without concentrating on specified social classes.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.697-704
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• 2007

Purpose: The objective of the study is to identify plastic surgeons' views on the effects of online communication between doctors and patients.Methods: Cross-sectional online survey of members of the Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgeons was made to identify their evaluation on the accuracy and the relevance of the internet health information and their perceptions of the effects of discussing the information with the patients on time-efficiency, requests for specific interventions, health outcomes, and the doctor-patient relationship. A questionnaire with 25 items was sent to the surgeons' e-mails, and 111 replied. SPSS Win version 12.0 was used to analyze the statistical differences and meanings among data.Results: The percentage of the plastic surgeons who were experiencing the online communication was 65.8%, and the most frequent medium used was homepage of the clinic/hospital. Even though the percentage of the plastic surgeons who were using the online communication for their everyday practice was high, the percentage of patients who visited the clinic/hospital after using the website of the clinic/hospital was relatively low. The effects of online communication on doctor-patient relationship were neutral in 40(36.0%) and positive in 39(35.1%). The effects on the efficiency of the practice was positive in 45(40.5%), and the effects on the quality of care and the patients' outcome were positive in 46(41.4%) respectively.Conclusion: The ratio of surgeons who are experiencing the online communication is relatively high, whereas the ratio of patients who are using online communication is low. Most of plastic surgeons are positive on the effects of the online communication on doctor-patient relationship, quality of care, and patients' outcome.