• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.37-45
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• 2007

WTO/TBT requires that, for technical regulations affecting trade, technical regulatory requirements must be specified where possible in terms of performance rather than design or descriptive characteristics. The movement which made "performance" a keyword in landscape architecture was activated in Japan, one of the leading counties in performance-based regulatory system(PBRS). The Japanese recent movement of systematization activity on performance-based standards and specifications was reviewed and operational applications for performance-based regulatory system in South Korea are summarized as follows: 1. The establishment of performance standards that can be properly evaluated by assessment indicators is necessary in cases when quantitative evaluation is difficult. 2. As a preparation for PBRS, a brief procurement system by technical proposal for the landscape design and construction is necessary. 3. As a preparation for PBRS, activation of an environmental performance evaluation on experimental construction is necessary. 4. As a preparation for PBRS, a certification system of environmental performance on various landscape construction methods is necessary. 5. The Private Finance Initiative Project is the most similar to PBRS therefore, activation of the Private Finance Initiative Project is necessary in landscape architecture projects for park rehabilitation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.81-103
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• 1994

In recent years, the visual characteristics of natural open space and greenbelt surrounding the urban landscapes have been changed with sprawling of residential areas and highrised residential buildings. Since these natural areas being the background element of residential areas are topographically sloped mountains in many cities. It is easy to be seen in the distance and it is important to preserve these areas as a visual infrastructure of the urban landscape. The purposes of this study are to extract the factors of landscape impact evaluation for these areas and to clarify the physical landscape variables representing these factors, and to infer the visual-perceptional relationships between image and landscape variables. As results, conceptional three factors were extracted with semantic differential evaluation to classified 18 landscape slide, and three regression models were established with factor score of landscapes and physical variables measured in photographs. On the basis of these relationships, visual-perceptional characteristics were discussed by analyzing the data form eye-movement recording to each of landscapes. The factors of "spatial unfolding of backdropped hilly greenspace", "horizontal quence of residential buildings", and "landscape complexity" prove to be important. And it prove important variables of "skyline of mountainous ridge" and "visual edge of building structure" in regression models and eye fixation movements.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.104-112
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate cross-cultural comparison of landscape preferences among Korean, Japanese and Western groups, and to get some clues to be used in judging this cultural influence. Moreover this study suggested fundamental data for design theory of modern landscape architecture. The results were as follows ; Natural factors including vegetation, water and rock, structural factors and spatial factors could be significant variables on Korean traditional landscape. The mean preference scores for both landscape element and landscape space were significantly different(p(0.01, p(0.05) with the Korean most perferred, the Western in the middle, and Japanese least. There were both differences and similarities in landscape preference among Korean, Japanese and Western groups.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.20-27
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare the validity and the reliability of the visual simulation method using the internet. For this. the evaluation of the artificial and natural landscape through the medium of color slides are compared with the internet survey. Data is analysed through the comparison of t-test between the two media by landscape type, and spatial image is analysed by factor analysis algorithm. Principle component analysis using Varimax Method is applied for extraction and factor rotation respectively. The results of this study can be summarized as follows; There are no statistical differences between the two methods with artificial and natural landscape in the total data that included second tests. Factors covering the spatial image are found to be \`aesthetic\`, \`spatial shape\`, and \`familiarity\`. Total variance is obtained as 66.4%. There are no statistical differences between the two methods in 2/3 of the cases. In the case of far view of artificial landscape, the results of the t-test show that the two methods are exactly the same. Especially in the case of the artificial far landscape shows no difference of all factors between two methods. There are no differences between first and second tests of the same media and the same landscape type. And it shows the reliability of this method. These results suggest that the probability that the internet can be used as a medium of landscape evaluation and gathering information on anyone\`s landscape image. Simulation techniques with the internet survey method should be further developed for practical application.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.77-85
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• 2017

In order to preserve beautiful coastal areas landscapes of Jeju Island's the landscape resource, Jeju Special Self-Governing Province is dedicated to protecting the landscape through legal regulations and deliberations. However, the Coastal Landscape of Jeju Island was continuously damaged by due to increased tourist and high development pressure. Based on buildings along the Coastal Road in Aeowal of Jeju Island, this study focused on Management Status of Coastal Areas Landscapes through the Analysis of Building Landscape Elements. As a result, 1) It was effective to limit the use and scale of buildings through legal regulations such as Use zoning. 2) The result of analysis on the physical landscape elements of buildings showed some of the them have the damage values despite passing the review of Architecture Committee. Therefore Landscape Policies required institutional maintenance. 3) As physical landscape Elements of buildings is a minimum quantitation criterion of not less than 1.5 for D/H, or less than a factor of $27^{\circ}$ for angle of elevation and not less than 7.8m for elevation blockage ratio was presented as a criterion for preventing damage to the minimum Coastal Landscape.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.48 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2020

This work examines discourse on uses of computer technology and its transformation during the last thirty years effecting Korea landscape architecture. First, in the 1990s landscape architects begun to use computers as a new technology for landscape architecture, programming computer software utilities suitable for landscape research, planning, and design. The landscape architects, acting as computer programmers, tried to explore various techniques for landscape analysis and design with a piece of software, and various experts within the field of landscape architecture collaborated with each other. However, landscape architects mainly used computer technology as a tool as a substitute for hands-on cases. Since around the 2000s, the discourse on mapping and diagrammatic techniques as a visualization technique for landscaping processes have begun. Also, realistic representations for perspective drawings using graphic software have been increasingly important. The landscape architects, acting as graphic designers, focused on the specific visualization techniques for landscape planning and design. However, computer technology has been mainly used to produce realistic visuals aids for final presentations instead of creative exploration to generate landforms. Additionally, recent landscape architects have been using landscape performance modeling and parametric modeling for landform and landscape furniture design. The landscape architects as spatial designers are actively using computer modeling as creative form-generating tools during the design process.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference
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• 2007.10b
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• pp.19-29
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• 2007

The making of mountains and waters are recognized as essential to traditional Chinese landscapes and it is this concept that guided the Beijing Olympic Landscape, "Axis to Nature". The Olympic landscape extends the central axis of Beijing north until it is punctuated by the Forest Park Hill and dissipated by Forest Park Lake. Traditional landscape gardens, paintings, and poetry were researched and the plan assessed by eminent scholars and experts to conceive and construct an ecological park that features unique design and traditional Chinese landscape art.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.105-115
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• 1993

A Purpose of this study is to suggest the methods of increasing landscape area in building sites. There are several means by which landscape design operates. Development bonuses are used to encourage developers to include plazas or walkways or some attractive public space in a development in exchange for increased floor areas. Special zoning districts, in which locally specific design controls are applied, can be established. Site plan controls can be used to regulate the landscape design and landscape management.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.41-48
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to examine the Perception of local government officials, who are in charge of The Rural Village Development Project, and planners of local planning firms and Rural Research Institute participating the rural development planning and landscape planning, regarding the problems and improvements for rural landscape management. The results of this research can be summarized as follows. First, the majority of the subject were negative of creating rural landscape and its management. Both groups thought the living landscape was the most problematic. Second, the satisfaction about the rural landscape planning conducted through the Rural Village Development Project was very low. Nevertheless, it is considered that the rural landscape planning will be needed further. Third, the experience of conducting the rural landscape plans is not sufficient enough, which will cause tremendous confusion in the rural landscape administration in the future. Fourth, both groups believed that the rural landscape project will be most effective, while the landscape agreement is least effective. Finally, both groups agreed that strengthening the support for the landscape activities of residents is the most important way improving the further rural landscape management.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.4 s.111
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• pp.45-70
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to overview foreign trends in the study of the landscape ecology through new framework of landscape ecological studies and to suggest possibility and limitation of introduction of landscape ecology studies in Korea. Because of historical reasons rooted in different disciplines, landscape ecology of the present time is not unified at all. Therefore, landscape ecology should be understood in an integrative manner accommodating different views and various aspects of landscape(NOOS, GEOS, BIOS). Facing the increasing environmental problems and the goal of sustainable landscape, the principle of a holistic approach complementarity and transdisciplinarity outlined in this paper (esp. connection physical-materials and cognitive system) might help to understand the characteristics of landscapes and landscape ecology. Important steps towards this direction are the landscape survey, diagnosis, the identification of landscape functions, the development of landscape evaluation models and landscape planning system. Recently there have been a few landscape ecological researches in Korea, which tells there have been strong needs to solve practical landscape problems caused by the rapid socioeconomic growth for several decades. However, almost of this studies are focused on cognitive and visual aspects of landscapes defined boundaries of disciplines. But for more holistic approach complementarity and transdisciplinarity in landscape ecological studies, many other aspects such as the consideration of geoecological and bioecologocal variables, preperation of ecological basic data(mapping) and the development of landscape planning as a tool for practical application should be integrated into the whole landscape system.