• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.35-46
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• 1996

An instrumentation system is designed to observe the behavior of slope soil and stabilizing piles during heavy rains. Inclinometers, standpipe piezometers and strain gages are installed into a cut slope reinforced by a row .of piles for an apartment. The horizontal deflection and bending stress developed on the piles can be measured, respectively, by the inclinometers and strain gages installed in piles, while the horizontal deformation of the slope soil can be measured by the inclinometer installed in the soil across the open space between piles. The groundwater level doss not grow so sensitively during heavy rain. The behavior of piles and slope is 서footed by the wetting front, since the driving force of slope increases with the weight of slope soil above the wetting front. The stabilizing piles and the slope soil show elastic behavior during heavy rain.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.85-91
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• 2008

The grooving corrosion is caused mainly by the different microstructures between the matrix and weld which is formed during the rapid heating and cooling cycle in welding. By this localized corrosion reaction of pipes, it evolves economic problems such as the early damage of industrial facilities and pipe lines of apartment, and water pollution. So lots of researches were carried out already about grooving corrosion mechanism of ERW carbon steel pipe but there is seldom study for water hammer happened by fluid phenomenon and corrosion rate by flow velocity. In this study, the analysis based on hydrodynamic and fracture mechanics was carried out. ANSYS, FLUENT and STAR-CD were used for confirmation of flow phenomenon and stress on the pipe. As the results, fatigue failure is able to be happened by water hammer and grooving corrosion rate is increased cause by turbulent. Grooving corrosion is happened on the pipe, then friction loss of fluid is occurred from corroded part. Erosion can be happened enough in corroded region of microscopic size that wear "V" form. Also pipe is able to be damaged by water hammer effects because of corroded region is general acting as a notch effects. Corrosion depth was more than half of total thickness, it can be damaged from water hammer pressure.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.26-35
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• 2016

Sprinkler installations shall be operated at normal operating temperature of the atmosphere as a fire sprinkler head in any facility to control and extinguish the fire when the fire initially. Recently, however, some flush type quick response automatic sprinkler heads in slow fire place is a problem that can not be normal operation are raised. In this paper, by using the experimental model of the Apartment house of Commons and Cabinet burner size bedrooms fire conditions to form a slow growth rate and can supply more than 0.2 MPa pressure is the minimum pressure that can be applied inside the pipe in the field experiment was conducted. In the majority of experiments lush type quick response automatic sprinkler heads which is used in the country it was confirmed to be incompletely opened as the Cold Soldering occur. This phenomenon is likely to fail early fire suppression and control because they can cause the spread of fire and casualties needed to complement domestic product testing and type approval standards through additional research.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.868-871
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• 2008

Remodeling is an architectural activity that transforms the existing state of specific building which has been aged and clichedinto new state overcoming those aged and cliched state. Remodeling can be a means to increase building's physical lifecycle and also a countermeasure to cope with the changes in use that are from social demand, use and technical development. The performance evaluation on the remodeling tenement shall be done by understanding the performance and state of the building before and after remodeling and then it shall represent the improvement in performance objectively by comparing the differences before and after remodeling. In this aspect, we performed basic research to conduct performance evaluation on the remodeling tenement by comparing and analyzing the performance evaluation and performance certificate systems of Korea and Japan in order to suggest objective evaluation system on the change of tenement building before and after remodeling.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.785-789
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• 2008

As people pays more attention to remodeling as a method to effectively improve, maintain, and manage building properties, it is important to ensure the economic feasibility of remodeling compared to reconstruction, instead of focusing on systematic regulations. In order to identify core technologies, the study set criteria to survey cost of a remodeling project by analyzing current status of remodeling projects. Based on the criteria, the study calculated average construction cost for five remodeling projects that were conducted recently, compared the cost with new construction projects, and examined major level works that are essential in a remodeling project. Based on the major level works, the study conducted interviews with construction experts to draw core technologies in design, structure and construction of a remodeling project.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.388-391
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• 2008

The Domestic housing Industry has to give consequence to the redevelopment and rebuilding of existing housings rather than the supply by developing a new building site, and now those tendencies are rapidly spreading out. Also, because apartment buildings occupies 50% over of the existing housing, its maintenance, repair, remodeling and reconstruction got to be necessary area for the slumming prevention of a residential area and the disaster prevention occurred by durability lowering of the building. It is increasing the interest for reusing and recycling of C&D waste. The government is doing efforts to diminish amount of C&D waste. But there couldn't find any efforts for developing Integrated system to manage and to estimate lightly generated amounts of C&D waste. So, this study presents a integrated computer system that can estimate easily quantity of C&D waste by using CAD draw and 3D Object.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.24 no.6 s.84
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• pp.117-129
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to provide basic information about hierarchical spatial compositions of lounges and corridors in elderly skilled nursing facilities through the analysis of elderly residents' behaviors. For the study, five researchers observed the behavior of the elderly in the lounges and corridors of five facilities from 10 AM. to 4 PM. at 30-minute intervals for the investigation of hierarchical spatial compositions. And then, the design characteristics of public and semi-public area were analyzed by evaluating their openness, centrality, accessibility, and stimulations. The results of this study were as follows. First, the public area was focused on the lounge, and the semi-public area was formed on the comers of corridors and the parts of lounge walls. The private and semi-private area were distributed to the whole lounges and corridors. Second, in morning time, the semi-public area was concentrated on the wall of lounge instead of on the comers of corridors, and in afternoon, the residents' behaviors relevant to the private and semi-public areas were increased. Especially, the comers of corridors were utilized as the main semi-public areas. Third, the public area could encourage the participation of the elderly residents when it was opened to other areas more than 40% and close to the nursing station. But, the central garden made the accessibility from the elderly private room to the public area not good. The ideal openness of semi-public area was indicated as 25-30%, and its centrality was $10{\sim}15m$ which was a little far from the nursing station. Forth, furniture arrangements gave large influence to the behavior characteristics in the semi-public areas. Especially, sofa arrangements in the comers of corridors increased informal interactions among the elderly. In conclusion, the public area needs high rate of openness and should satisfy both of the centrality and accessibility so that it lead the elderly participations from the private and semi-private areas. The semi-public area should be in a little distance from nursing station and provide with furniture sets for the elderly informal interactions.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.209-215
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• 2015

This study was conducted to analyze the actual utilization rate of the deposit for defect repair of apartment complexes and its influential factors. We analyzed the data on enforced defect deposit cases by using one-sample t-test, Pearson's correlation analysis, and simple linear regression analysis. The difference between the deposit amount specified and the enforcement amount actually disbursed was found to about 0.51%. The change rates for short-term costs amounted approximately to $839KRW/m^2$ and 130,000 KRW/household per year, and those for long-term costs were $647KRW/m^2$ and 123,207 KRW/household per year. The results warrant the need for further research on establishing a deposit amount based on actual statistical data.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.113-124
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• 2012

TACT process reengineering is applied to the finish work of apartment buildings and extra tall buildings to conduct efficient process control in Korea. Non-systemized information on the performances, however, causes difficulties in building a database for such records and it takes long time to find the relevant information. In order to solve such problems, scientific and quantitative understanding on the construction information and data is required to perform TACT process reengineering satisfactorily and also proper management plan should be provided for the working level staff to understand the required information and data more easily. In this regard, this paper reorganizes the TACT process reengineering based on the general process control and classifies the items of required information to redesign. Redesigned process was verified by specialists making use of work-information matrix. As a result, paper contributed to increasing comprehension level of the working level people and when the persons in charge are transferred to other duty, it makes them understand all the working procedure faster, which enables the departments involved to carry out their cooperation and adjustment more efficiently.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.27-36
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• 2017

Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport established Heating and cooling energy conservation plan of apartment for 2017, reducing 90% compared to energy consumption of 1990. Also, at 2015 United Nations Climate Change Conference, the Ministry announced to reduce 37% of estimated $CO^2$ emission(850 million ton) at 2030. To satisfy this, it is urgent to reduce $CO^2$ emission due to the building, which takes majority amount of total $CO^2$ emission, and public interest for the commissioning of intensified building performance is uprising. However, the building commissioning at construction is not enacted, and not activated due to the lackness of promotion and will of general contractor. Furthermore, commissioning is not mandatory for obtaining G-SEED certification. Therefore, this paper describes effectiveness of commissioning with comparison of commissioning evaluation criteria of G-SEED with LEED and BREEAM, to propose making commissioning as mandatory process and drive changes in perception among stakeholders for activation of domestic building commissioning.