• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.105-114
• /
• 1993

Series of studies were conducted to establish biological and chemical control method for Meloidogyne spp to medical herbs by applied of nematophagous fungi, Arthrobotrys spp, Fusarium spp, and egg parastic fungi, Paecilomyces lilacinus were applied for root-knot nematodes on medicinal herbs, Paeonia albiflora, Codonopsis lanceolata, Cnidium officinale. The results are as follow. In pot experiments, The no. of root gall and egg mass and larvae of Cnidium officinale. The results are as follow. In pot experiments. The no. of root gall and egg mass and larvae of Cnidium officinale, Codonopsis lanceolata, Paeonia japonica lowered in P. Lilacinus treated plots compare to untreated control plots. But A. thaumasia F. oxysporum treated plots were less effective. Effect of egg parasitic fungi and chemical treatment at divided root of Paeonia japonica after sterilized in pot were increased in the fresh weight, root weight, control effect in P. lilacinus treated plots as chemical, Carbo G treated plots compare to untreted control plots. I field experiment, the number of root gall, egg mass and nematode density of Paeonia were also suppressed in P. lilacinus treated plots. It was very effective continuous 2 years and transplanting time on Paeonia japonica infested soil with the M. hapla in field in both region, Chillgok and Euisung treated P. lilacinus as chemical treated plots. Soaking effect of insecticide for Paeonia japonica at diving shoot before transplating in pot were effective for 12hours immersion into 1,000 ppm of Benlate T + Mep Ec, Benlate T + Fenthion EC in pot and field Experiment. In the Examination of fungi activily on P.japonica field 1 year after soil treatment, Number of spore of P. lilacinus were 1,000~1,300 in 3 region except Euisung.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.37-43
• /
• 1983

Effect of root-knot nematode (Meloidigyne sp.) 1 infection on the growth and quantity of the inorganic substances in 6 year-old ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) was investigated. Naturally infected 6 year-old ginseng roots were grouped into 3 such as healthy, moderate, and heavy according to the degree of the nematode infection. The roots were sampled in the middle of October, 1980 for chemical analysis. Growth of roots in terms of fresh weight, dry weight, length and diameter was greatly reduced by the nematode infection. The content of inorganic substances was different among the various parts of ginseng roots and according to gall index. Phosphorous and nitrogen contents of the healthy ginseng roots were tend to higher than those of the infected ones, whereas calcium was high in infected roots in the order of heavy, moderate, and healthy. Content of the other inorganic substances was highest in the moderately infected roots, and lowest in the heavy one.

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.16 no.1
• /
• pp.10-20
• /
• 2010

Root-knot nematodes cause billions of dollars in crop losses annually have a broad range of host over 2,000 species of plants. These nematodes are known as obligate, sedentary endo-parasites in a plant host to feed upon to complete their life cycle. To prevent the plant parasitic nematode, methyl bromide was widely applied as a soil fumigant. Other strategies to prevent or control nematodes involve RNAi-mediated suppression, R gene transformation, natural products or chemical treatments, the expression of peptide or proteins in susceptible plants, and others. Over the last decade, the entry in GenBank for Meloidogyne reveals 73,340 ESTs and recently two complete Meloidogyne spp. genomes sequences have simultaneously been presented by two groups. Recent works have demonstrated the effect of RNAi suppression to nematode target genes. These results will provide novel members of genes as a foundation for studies focused on understanding the function of M. incognita nematode genes as well as for the development of novel target genes for parasite control. Thus the successful development of biotechnology-derived plants with nematode resistance will result in large yield benefits for producers as well as environmental benefits and will accelerate the research related to pathogensresistant crops.

• Mycobiology
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.113-117
• /
• 2011

A laboratory experiment was conducted to study the induction of constricting rings and test predation of Dactylaria brochopaga isolates against second stage juveniles (J2s) of Meloidogyne graminicola. Among the five fungal isolates, isolate D showed the greatest number of predatory rings and, consequently, trapped the maximum number of M. graminicola J2s in dual cultures. Another pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of D. brochopaga (isolate D) on the management of wheat root-knot disease. Applying a mass culture (10 g/pot) and a spore suspension of the fungus with and without cow dung manure to soil infested with 2,000 M. graminicola juveniles significantly improved plant height, root length, weights of shoots, roots, panicles and grains per hill compared to those in the control. Moreover, the fungus significantly reduced the number of root-knots, the number of egg masses, juveniles, and females per hill compared to those in the control. Bio-efficacy of the fungus was heightened when the mass culture and a spore suspensions were used in combination with cow dung manure to improve the plant growth parameters and reduce the number of root-knot and reproductive factors. Further investigations should be conducted to identify the impact of this fungus in the field.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.311-316
• /
• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of anaerobic fermentation of wheat bran to prevent root-knot nematodes which are infected in plastic house due to over 10 years continuous cultivation of fruits and vegetables. Anaerobic fermentation treatment of wheat bran was done for 20 days by mixture of 2,000 kg fresh wheat bran per 10 are and soil with water in 30 cm soil depth. Chemical treatment of fosthiazate was done by mixture of 6 kg soil for 7 days. Both treatments show suppression of density of rootknot nematodes, especially in anaerobic fermentation treatment. Anaerobic fermentation treatment keeps the low level of root-knot nematode density until 90 days of cultivation and also showed good effect of melon growth. Related with death percentage of melon plant, anaerobic fermentation treatment shows only 3% and also large size of quality fruit but control 65%. Anaerobic fermentation treatment of wheat bran have proved to control the level of root-knot nematodes instead of synthetic chemicals for at least one cropping season and it showed good effect to fruit quality.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.139-143
• /
• 1998

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of soil heating on control of root-knot nematode(Meloidogyne incognita Chitwood) by root zone warming system. Root zone was warmed by hot water flowing through pipe set at 35cm depth from the ridge The lowest soil temperatures at 20cm depth were set at 3$0^{\circ}C$, 4$0^{\circ}C$, $50^{\circ}C$ and non-warming. under soil submerging condition and non-submerging condition. Soil heating was done for 5 days(120 hours) from Aug. 1 to Aug. 5. The root-knot nematode juvenile densities of 4$0^{\circ}C$ under submerging condition. and $50^{\circ}C$ under non-submerging condition were 0 which was expected lower than the economic injury level. The contents of OM P$_2$ $O_{5}$, Ca Mg and EC in soil were decreased by root zone warming The EC was considerably lowered under submerging condition.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.75-81
• /
• 1995

To reduce crop damage from root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne spp. chemical, cultural, physical control methods were compared in commercial greenhouse for 3 years from 1992 to 1994. Timing of sol exchange for economic losses due to the nematodes is important: every 3 years for coarse sand (Masatto) and every 4 years for red-yellow soil. Control effects on Meloidogyne spp. in cucumber were 78.2% in Dazomet DP, 72.1% Carbo G+Soil reverse+submergence, and 66.3% in Carbo G+submergence. Pesticide effects were temporally different after treatment: 77.7~80.6% in 20 days and 33.7~49.5% in 60 days. Cropping system in oriental melon gave an excellent control effect of 81.1% at oriental melon/rice culture. All methods controled root-knot nematodes at the time of the treatment but the number of the nematodes increased at the end of the season. However, soil exchange was effective for 3 years. The most economic control practice is rotation with rice for every three years.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
• /
• v.49 no.4
• /
• pp.401-408
• /
• 2016

The present study described the isolation of 2-methylbutyric acid (2-MBA) produced from Bacillus pumilus L1, to subsequently investigate its nematicidal activity for the control of the root-knot nematode. The results showed that 2-MBA could be purified by chromatographic techniques and was identified using nuclear magnetic resonance and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Crude extract and partially purified compounds had a significant effect on the inhibition of egg hatchability and second-stage juvenile (J2) mortality. A dose-dependent effect of 2-MBA was observed for J2 mortality and egg hatchability. Egg hatchability was 69.2%, 59.9%, 32.7%, and 0.0% at 125, 250, 500, and $1000{\mu}g\;mL^{-1}$ of 2-MBA after 4 d of incubation, respectively. Meanwhile, J2 mortality was in the range of 24.4%-100.0% after 2 d of incubation, depending on the concentrations of 2-MBA used. A pot experiment also demonstrated that treatment of B. pumilus L1 culture caused a significant reduction in the number of galls, egg masses, and J2 population than that of the tap water (TW) control. However, as the B. pumilus L1 culture concentration was decreased, the efficacy of nematode control by treatment of B. pumilus L1 culture was reduced compared to that of TW. B. pumilus L1 inoculation at different concentrations also promoted cucumber plant growth. Therefore, our study demonstrated the potential of 2-MBA from B. pumilus L1 as a biocontrol agent against the root-knot nematode and a plant growth promoter for cucumber plants.

• The Korean Journal of Soil Zoology
• /
• v.8 no.1_2
• /
• pp.27-31
• /
• 2003

This study has been conducted to assess and analyze the damage of Codonopsis lanceolata by differential inoculation levels of Meloidogyne hapla in pot and plot. As the density of M. hapla increased, early growth of C. lanceolata was inhibited 60% in vine and 54% in root. However, growth of C. lanceolata was not remarkably different by density of M. hapla in the plot test. This result may be attribute to low density of M. hapla in the plot.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.53-56
• /
• 1987

The effect of nematicides on root-knot nematode were investigated in the mulberry nursery farm of Jeonnam province from 1985 to 1986. The nematicides applied were Fenamiphos, D-D(92%), Aldicarb, D-D(55%), Ethoprop and Carofuran. The control effects of nematicides used were similar in two years (1985 and 1986). The Fenamiphos and D-D(92%) both were a highly effective than any of Aldicarb, D-D (55%) and Ethoprop, Carbofuran. Mulberry sampling showed good growth when the above nematicides were applied.