• 대한수의학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.41-57
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• 1997

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of selenium on the adriamycininduced renal lesions in male Sprague Dawley rats. A total of 60 Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into 2 control groups(C1: saline, C2: selenium) and 2 treatment groups(T1: adriamycin, T2: adriamycin+selenium). The rats of the C1 and T1 groups were given normal saline(0.15ml/rat), the rats of the C2 and T2 groups were given sodium selenite(0.5mg/kg) intraperitoneally three days a week for 4 weeks. The treatment groups were dosed intraperitoneally with adriamycin(2mg/kg/day) five days at the second week. Animals were sacrificed at the 1st week, 2nd week and 3rd week after dosing with adriamycin. The morphologic abnormalities of the glomeruli and tubules in the kidney of male rats were examined histopathologically and electron microscopically.The results obtained were as follows : The mean body weight of adriamycin dosed group was significantly decreased as compared with that of control group at 4th week(p<0.05). In adriamycin and selenium dosed group, the mean body weight was decreased until the end of 2nd week but gradually increased from 3rd to 4th week. The histopathological findings of the renal corpuscle in adriamycin dosed group were parietal epithelial cell proliferation, vacuolization of glomerulus, and thickened basement membrane of the parietal epithelium. Proximal convoluted tubules were significantly dilated and the lumens were filled with renal cast. These lesions were generally not very significant in the rats given adriamycin and selenium. The electron microscopical findings of the renal glomerulus in the adriamycin dosed group were focal loss and fusion of the pedicels of the podocyte, and some vacuoles in the cytoplasm of the podocytes. There were numerous cytoplasmic vacuoles in the proximal and distal convoluted tubular cells. However, these ultrastructural changes were not significantly observed in the renal tubules of the rats of adriamycin and selenium dosed group. These results suggest that selenium may act as an inhibitor of the renal lesions induced by adriamycin in male rats.

• 한국축산식품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국축산식품학회 1999년도 정기총회 및 제23차 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.97-117
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• 1999

돼지고기 섭취가 카드뮴(Cd)에 중독된 흰쥐의 카드뮴 배설에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 본 연구를 수행하였다. $CdCl_2$를 카드뮴 기준으로 AIN-76 purified diet에 다섯 수준(0, 25, 50, 100, 250 ppm)으로 혼합한 Cd 중독식이를 8주 동안 급여하여 임상적인 중독을 유발시킨 다음 다시 7주 동안 단백질 급원인 카제인을 돼지고기로 대체시킨 해독식이를 7주간 급여하여 돼지고기에 의한 해독효과를 대조구와 비교하였다. 8주 동안 Cd 중독 실험식이를 급여한 결과, 카드뮴 중독과 관련한 성장지연, 카드뮴의 표적장기인 신장무게의 증가와 헤마토크릿치(Ht)와 헤모글로빈 함량(Hb)이 감소하였다. 병리조직학적 검사 결과 육안병변에서 뚜렷한 임상적인 관찰 예가 나타났다. 카드뮴 급여를 중단하고 해독 실험 사료 급여 후 흰쥐의 체중은 급속하게 회복되었다. 즉 돼지고기 급여구의 흰쥐는 카제인 급여구의 흰쥐에 비해 평균체중이 약간 높았으나 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 카드뮴 중독 시 Hb 함량과 Ht치는 카드뮴 농도에 상관하였으나 해독시에 모든 처리군에서 Hb 함량과 Ht치는 정상 범위의 수준으로 증가하여 처리군간에 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 간, 신장, 정소의 무게는 카드뮴 투여에 따라 점차로 낮아졌지만 체중에 따른 간의 비율과 신장의 비율은 카드뮴 투여에 의해 영향을 받지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 체중 100g 당 간의 무게는 250ppm 카드뮴 중독 후 해독 실험사료 급여시 돼지고기를 섭취한 처리군에서 가장 높았다. 카드뮴 섭취량이 높을수록 간과 신장에서의 축적량은 통계적으로 유의하게 차이가 있었고 신장에서의 축적 농도가 간에서 보다 약 2배 정도 높았다. 해독 시에는 간과 신장중의 카드뮴 함량이 감소하였으며 간에서의 Cd 제거 속도가 신장에서 보다 빠른 것으로 보여졌다. 카제인 섭취 군보다 돼지고기 섭취군에서 카드뮴의 축적이 더 낮았고 특히 신장에서의 카드뮴 축적 농도에 영향을 미치는 인자로서 카드뮴 뿐만 아니라 카드뮴과 돼지고기 섭취여부의 교호작용($Cd^{***}$, $Cd{\times}Pork^{***}$) 등이 나타났다. 카드뮴 중독시에 metallothionein(MT)는 Cd의 섭취량이 늘어남에 따라 증가하였지만 해독 시의 결과를 보면 MT합성은 돼지고기에 의해 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과에서 카드뮴의 해독과 관련하여 단백질 급원으로서 카제인을 돼지고기로 대체한 실험식이를 급여하였을 때 돼지고기 첨가군의 성장률이 높았고 Ht치 역시 정상범위로 회복되었다. 신장조직의 병리조직학적 검사 결과 Cd 50ppm 투여군에서부터 돼지고기 첨가군이 돼지고기 무첨가군에 비해 Cd에 의해 손상된 세포를 의미하는 세뇨관의 호염성이 현저하게 감소된 것으로 관찰됨으로서 돼지고기의 Cd 해독능이 유효한 것으로 평가되었다.

• Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
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• 제43권4호
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• pp.309-316
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• 2009

목적: $^{18}$F-FDG PET/CT는 다양한 장관내 악성 종양을 발견하는데 높은 민감도를 보이고 있다. 하지만 $^{18}$F-FDG가 다양한 형태로 장관 내 생리적, 병리적 섭취증가를 보이기 때문에 그 특이도는 낮다. 이 연구는 장관 내 국소적인 $^{18}$F-FDG 섭취증가를 보일 때 생리적 섭취와 병리적 섭취를 감별하는 데 있어 추가 지연(dual time point) $^{18}$F-FDG PET/CT의 임상적 유용성을 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2007년 1월부터 2008년 6월까지 장관 내 국소적인 섭취증가를 보여 추가 지연 촬영 $^{18}$F-FDG PET/CT를 실시한 132명(남:여=77:55, 나이 62.8$\pm$11.6세)을 대상으로 하였다. $^{18}$F-FDG 정맥 주사 후 50-60분 후에 조기 영상을 촬영하였고, 정맥 주사 후 4-5시간에 국소 섭취 증가 부위를 포함하고 있는 복부 부위에 대해 추가 지연 촬영을 실시하였다. 초기 영상에서 보였던 국소적 섭취가 지연 영상에서 보이지 않거나 이동하였을 경우에는 생리적 섭취증가로 간주하였고, 지연 영상에서 지속적으로 관찰되는 섭취증가에 대해서는 대장내시경과 병리조직 검사를 실시하였다. 지연 영상에서 지속적으로 관찰되는 장관 내 섭취에 대해서는 각각 Suvmax값과 조기 영상과 지연 영상의 Syvmax값의 차이($\Delta$%Suvmax)를 계산하였다. 결과: 132명의 환자에서 153개의 국소적 섭취증가병소를 관찰할 수 있었다. 이 중 72개 병소에서는 지연 영상에서 섭취 증가가 사라져 생리적 섭취로 판단할 수 있었다. 조기 영상에서만 보였던 생리적 섭취는 맹장을 포함한 오름 결장에서 가장 많이 관찰되었다. 지연 영상에서도 지속적으로 섭취증가를 보인 81개 병소에서 61개는 악성 종양으로 확진되었고, 14개는 양성 질환으로 확인 되었다. 나머지 6개의 병소는 대장내시경에서 특이소견을 보이지 않아 생리적 섭취로 확인되었다. 악성 종양은 $\Delta$%Suvmax가 20.8%$\pm$18.7%로 통계적으로 유의하게 증가하였고, 반대로 리 악성에서는 3.7%$\pm$24.2%로 감소하였다. 가장 유용한 진단적 가치를 주는 요소는 $\Delta$%Suvmax 임을 확인하였고, 악성과 비악성 질환을 감별하는데 임계수를 -5%로 정하였을 때 가장 좋은 민감도, 특이도, 정확도를 보였다. 결론: $^{18}$F-FDG PET/CT를 이용한 추가 지연 촬영은 생리적 섭취와 병리적 섭취를 감별하는데 있어 검사의 특이도를 높이고 불필요한 검사를 줄일 수 있는 유용한 비침습적 방법으로 생각된다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제8권10호
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• pp.217-223
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• 2008

성인형 다낭성 간질환(adult polycystic liver disease, PLD)은 양성 질환으로 매우 드물고 상염색체우성 다낭성 신장질환(autosomal dominant polycystic kideny disease, ADPKD)을 동반한다. 다낭성 간질환(PLD)은 간실질에 여러 개의 미만성 낭성질환을 특징으로 하는 상염색체우성 유전성 질환이다. 간과 관련된 중요한 증상 또는 합병증이 발생할 수 있으며 이로 인하여 복강경 또는 간을 절제하거나 또는 절제 없이 천공설치술을 포함하는 치료가 이루어지며 간이식도 할 수 있다. 본 고찰에서는 복부 불쾌감이 있는 성인형 다낭성 간질환을 경험하였기에 초음파 검사와 복부 CT 소견에 대해 참고 문헌과 함께 보고하고자 한다.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.127-131
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• 1995

Sequential changes in cell proliferation during the development of epitherial kidney tumors induced in rats were investigated by autoradiographic determination of the $^3H$-thymidine-labeling index. Renal cell tumors were induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by oral administration of N-nitrosomorpholine at the concentration of 120 mg/l in the drinking water for 7 weeks. At different times between 12 and 34 weeks after withdrawal of the carcinogen (stop model) animals were sacrificed. According to cytological criteria, neoplastic lesions were classified into clear cell, acidophilic cell, basophilic cell and oncocytic tumors. The labeling index was found to be increased in all types of preneoplastic tubules as compared to their corresponding original tubules. A much stronger elevation of cell proliferation was ocurred during the development of renal cell tumors from preneoplastic tubules. Of four tumor types, acidophilic cell tumor showed the highest labeling index while oncocytoma exhibited the lowest proliferative activity. These findings are in good accordance with the clinical observations that acidophilic cell tumors have a worse prognosis than oncocytoma. The data presented in this study suggest that the individual proliferation rates may be an objective biological marker of kidney tumor aggressiveness.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제30권8호
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• pp.1023-1027
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• 2001

Hemangioblastomas are rare benign tumor of the central nervous system that commonly occur in the posterior fossa around the 4th ventricle. In case of von Hippel-Lindau disease, hemangioblastomas involve multiple regions such as cerebellum, spinal cord and brainstem but, rarely show simultaneous involvement of cerebellum and spinal cord. We have experienced a case of multiple hemangioblastomas that were located at the cerebellum, cervical cord and conus medullaris and also had multiple lesions that a part of von Hippel-Lindau disease ; retinal angioma, syringomyelia, multiple cyst on kidney and pancreas, renal cell carcinoma on left kidney. Hemangioblastomas on cerebellum and spinal cord were removed totally, retinal angioma was treated with laser photocoagulation and renal cell carcinoma was also totally excised. The authors report a case of von Hippel-Lindau disease had multiple located hemangioblastomas on cerebellum, cervical cord and conus medullaris with review of literature.

• Toxicological Research
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.79-84
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• 2009

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (size: 30 nm) were prepared by the supercritical synthesis method, Acute oral toxicity and tissue distribution of the nanoparticles were evaluated by a single administration in rats. Oral administration of the nanoparticles to the rats did not lead to death when the animals were treated by a dose of 5 g/kg (high dose) as well as 100 mg/kg (low dose). Abnormal clinical signs, changes in serum biochemistry and hematology were not observed in high-dose treated group compared to the vehicle control group. Lesions in liver, lung and kidney were not observed in high-dose treated group by histopathological examination. Tissue distribution analysis in liver, kidney, spleen, lung, testis and brain was performed on day 1, day 7 and day 14 after treatment. The average values of the accumulated cerium oxide nanoparticles were elevated in all tissues but statistical significance was only shown in lung. Low levels of tissue distributions after a single oral administration seem to be the low bioavailability of the nanoparticles.

• 한국수의병리학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.66-71
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• 1997

Eighteen NZW rabbits used for local skin irritation study were examined grossly and microscopically for natural infection with Encephalitozoon cuniculi. For microscopic tissue evaluation histochemical techniques such as PAS Gram iron hematoxylin and HE stain were used. Although rabbits in the study had no abnormal clinical signs 7/18(38.9%) animals were microscopically infected with E. cuniculi. The affected rabbits had gray-whitish and depressed approximately 0.1∼0.6 cm diameter lesions in the kidneys. All other organs examined were grossly unremarkable. Histopathologically however in addition to segmental interstitial nephritis focal lymphocytic myocarditis and granulomatous inflammatory reaction in portal areas of the liver multifocal granulomatous foci with vasculitis were present in the brain kidney and lungs. Aggregates of minute oval organisms were observed in brain and kidney sections frequently within the granulomatous foci and sometimes without any inflammatory reaction particularly in the renal tubules. in histochemical stains the organisms were gram positive stained with iron hematoxylin and had PAS positive granule at one pole. They measured approximately 1.5×2.5μm consistent with E. cuniculi. Histochemical characterization is important to differentiate E. cuniculi from other common protozoal infection such as Toxoplasma gondii. This study demonstrate the importance of subclinical. E. cunuculi infection and the associated histological alterations may interfere with tissue evaluation in toxicologic studies.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.11-24
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• 2017

The current investigation dealing with the causative agent of mass mortalities in cultured Oreochromis niloticus. The diseased fish showed external hemorrhage, unilateral and bilateral eye opacity, ended by blindness and fish death. The postmortem lesions revealed congested friable kidney and spleen, and liver has yellow nodules. Obtained isolates were identified as Aeromonas hydrophila (the causative agent of Motile Aeromonas Septicemia) and found to be highly pathogenic as they contained hemolysin virulence gene causing mortality reached to 100 and 70% in intraperitoneal and intramuscular infection. The prevalence of MAS was 80% among the surveyed O. niloticus. Blood and serum were collected from naturally diseased, intraperitoneal and intramuscular injected O. niloticus for hematological and biochemical examination. Similarly, gills, musculature, kidney, liver and spleen were collected for histopathological evaluation, and micropathomorphological analysis of spleen was done. Macrocytic hypochromic anemia was recorded in the intraperitoneal infection. Serum protein, albumin and globulin were decrease only in naturally diseased fish. Leucocytosis with heterophilia and lymphocytosis were observed in naturally diseased and intraperitoneal infected fish. There were severe degenerative changes and hemorrhagic necrosis in the examined tissues which were more obvious in intraperitoneal than intramuscular infection. Activation and proliferation of melanocytes macrophages centers with severe hemosiderosis were recorded in spleen of naturally diseased and experimentally infected fish.

• 한국수의병리학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.147-151
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• 1998

A five-month old female Great Dane with a history of depression and convulsion was submitted to the Pathology and Diagnosis Reference Division of National Veterinary Research and Quarantine service. The dog had ingested concentrated antifreeze and died 12 days after the sudden onset of clinical signs. Main gross lesion was limited to swollen kidneys with diffusely fine granularity on the cut surface. Principle microscopic lesions were focused on the kidneys including dilated Bowman's space, thickened glomerular basement membrane, many light yellowish crystals, and proteinaceous casts in some tubules. Some neutrophils and lymphocytes were focally infiltrated in interstitium of the cortex and medulla. Crystals were angular or quite irregular in shape and arranged in sheave or rosette form. Under polarized light, the crystals were birefringent, which is typical of calcium oxalate crystals. Crystals were more concentrated in the cortex than in the medulla. A few crystals were also observed in the small blood vessels of the brain. Based upon the history of ingestion of antifreeze and the identification of calcium oxalate crystals in the tissue sections of the kidney and brain, this case was diagnosed as ethylene glycol toxicosis in a dog.