• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.38 no.3
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• pp.337-344
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• 2014

An optimal shape design algorithm is suggested to systematically design a traditional Korean musical instrument, the Pyeongyeong. The Pyeongyeong consists of 16 different chime stones called Gyeongpyeons. The first natural vibration frequency of each Gyeongpyeon must be adjusted to its target frequency, which is determined by the traditional sound tuning method. The second and third natural frequencies must be proportional to the first natural frequency with a specific ratio (1:1.498:2.378). The key idea in our suggested design algorithm is to use the sensitivity of natural frequencies to the variation in the length of each side of a Gyeongpyeon. The dimensions of five different Gyeongpyeons are determined by following the suggested algorithm. Changes in natural frequencies with respect to local thickness variation are closely investigated to compensate for errors that may occur during manufacturing.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.268-276
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• 2018

Background: Although a variety of instruments implement body maps for the precise identification of pain symptoms, no instrument has been validated for use in people with obesity. This study reports the adaptation and validation of body maps for musculoskeletal pain location in people with obesity. Methods: Nine key anatomical regions were highlighted based on the original images of the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire body maps. Adult silhouettes were generated from photographs of men and women with obesity. The body dimensions were adjusted to take into account the different body fat distribution patterns of people with obesity. The validity of the images was assessed by 12 experts. Subsequently, a data collection stage was performed with 58 patients with severe obesity from both sexes. The reproducibility of the images was tested by comparison with the original images. Results: The results of the validation pilot study indicated that the adapted images facilitated the location of musculoskeletal pain in men and women with obesity. The reproducibility of the original and adapted versions of the body maps indicated good agreement for pain over the last 12 months and 7 days (80% vs. 79.7%). Pain scores in the last 12 months indicated good and high sensitivity and specificity for all body areas (60.9% vs. 89.1%). Considering pain in the last 7 days, high sensitivity and specificity for all areas of the body (85.1% vs. 70.1%). Conclusions: The body maps developed in this study are reliable and valid to identify the location of pain in people with obesity.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.595-609
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• 2017

Due to high in-situ stress and brittleness of rock mass, the surrounding rock masses of underground caverns are prone to appear splitting failure. In this paper, a kind of loading-unloading variable elastic modulus model has been initially proposed and developed based on energy dissipation principle, and the stress state of elements has been determined by a splitting failure criterion. Then the underground caverns of Dagangshan hydropower station is analyzed using the above model. For comparing with the monitoring results, the entire process of rock splitting failure has been achieved through monitoring the splitting failure on side walls of large-scale caverns in Dagangshan via borehole TV, micro-meter and deformation resistivity instrument. It shows that the maximum depth of splitting area in the downstream sidewall of the main power house is approximately 14 m, which is close to the numerical results, about 12.5 m based on the energy dissipation model. As monitoring result, the calculation indicates that the key point displacement of caverns decreases firstly with the distance from main powerhouse downstream side wall rising, and then increases, because this area gets close to the side wall of main transformer house and another smaller splitting zone formed here. Therefore it is concluded that the energy dissipation model can preferably present deformation and fracture zones in engineering, and be very useful for similar projects.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.319-326
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• 2009

In this paper, the key technologies of Navigation receiver for GNSS sensor station are presented as a development result of a GNSS ground station in ETRI. A wide-band antenna and RF/IF components and SW signal processing unit to cover the GPS and Galileo signals for GNSS receiver are developed and its performance is verified by using GPS live signal and GNSS RF signal simulator from SpirentTM. We also gather GIOVE-A signal by using H/W antenna and RF/IF units in IF-level as sampling frequency and bit number, 112MHz and 8bits, respectively by using the developed wide-band antenna and RF/IF components. Data acquisition is done by using commercial data acquisition device from National Instrument TM. The gathered data is fed into SW receiver to process Galileo E1 to verify Galileo signal processing by Galileo live signal from GIOVE-A.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.131-145
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• 2009

Knowledge management is systematic management of vital knowledge resources and its associated processes of creating, gathering, organizing, diffusion, use and exploitation. A key challenge emerging for such organizations is how to encourage knowledge sharing within organization because knowledge is the organization's intellectual capital, of increasing importance in promoting competitive advantages. Isolated initiatives for promoting knowledge sharing and team collaboration, without taking consideration of the knowledge sharing limitations and constraints can defeat further development of KM culture. This article investigates knowledge sharing bottlenecks and proposes the use of community of practice as an effective instrument for knowledge sharing. The article demonstrates the opportunity for overcoming barriers of knowledge sharing through the application of communities of practice. The article introduces a steel company case as the best practice of communities of practice. Then, the paper empirically analyzes the case study to provide evidence for the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed approach.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.4341-4347
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• 2016

Background: Patient safety is one of the key components of nursing care for cancer cases. Valid and reliable context-based instruments are necessary for accurate evaluation of patient safety in oncology units. The aim of the present study was to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Patient Safety Violation Scale in medical oncology units in Iran. Materials and Methods: In this methodological study, a pool of 58 items was generated through reviewing the existing literature. The validity of the 58-item scale was assessed through calculating impact score, content validity ratio, and content validity index for its items as well as conducting exploratory factor analysis. The reliability of the scale was evaluated by assessing its internal consistency and testretest stability. Study sample consisted of 300 oncology nurses who were recruited from thirteen teaching hospitals affiliated to Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Results: Sixteen items were excluded from the scale due to having low impact scores, content validity ratios, or content validity indices. In exploratory factor analysis, the remaining 42 items were loaded on five factors including patient fall, verification of patientidentity, harm during care delivery, delay in care delivery, and medication errors. These five factors explained 62% of the total variance. The Cronbach's alpha of the scale and the test-retest interclass correlation coefficient were equal to 0.933 and 0.92, respectively. Conclusions: The 42-item Patient Safety Violation Scale is a simple and short scale which has acceptable validity and reliability. Consequently, it can be used for assessing patient safety in clinical settings such as medical oncology units and for research projects.

• Asian Oncology Nursing
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.5-14
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to identify key educational and counseling needs of breast cancer patients in Korea. The data were collected from 102 breast cancer survivors. The instrument consisted of 66 items and the items were divided into five treatment stages: pre-admission, admission, discharge, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. The subjects' mean age was 50 years and most of them were housewives. All had a mastectomy and among them 69 had chemotherapy and 42 had radiation therapy. Average post-surgical period was 47 months. The mean score of the subjects' needs was 2.99 out of 4 points. The highest educational need was to know about the method of recurrence prevention. In terms of the treatment stages, mean score for pre-admission was 3.09, admission 3.06, chemotherapy 3.03, after discharge 2.95, and radiation therapy 2.80. In the pre-admission period, etiology, diagnostic tests, treatment and prevention of the breast cancer were needed the most. During the admission period, symptom management after the operation had the highest score. After discharge, prevention of recurrence had the highest score. The results of this research will help in developing educational and counseling programs by understanding the specific needs of breast cancer patients based on the treatment stages.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.255-284
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• 2007

This study explored the ESL college learners' perceptions on integrating reading and writing in the context of the reading-to-write composition classroom. Using the panel survey (N=60) that repeatedly measured the same set of individuals at three different times during a semester, this study examined whether students' perceptions on reading-writing integrations were reshaped over the course of classroom practices. The survey instrument was developed to assess the perception scores from less integrative continua to more integrative continua on a 5-point Likert scale. A two-factor ANOVA with repeated measures was performed to evaluate mean differences across the perception groups and over the three treatment times. The results do not demonstrate a significant treatment effect, suggesting that L2 learners' integrative perceptions were stable over the course of the semester. The dynamics in the perception changes differed widely across the perception groups. This result provides insights into understanding students' reading-writing practices and thus into instructional practices applicable to the classrooms. The present study argues for 12 learners' perceptions on integrating reading and writing as a key construct to understand their literacy practices involved in the composing process.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.33 no.9
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• pp.626-633
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• 2006

The wireless sensor networks are sensing, computing and communication infrastructures that allow us to monitor, instrument, observe, and respond to phenomena in the harsh environment. Sensor operating systems that run on tiny sensor nodes are the key to the performance of the distributed computing environment for the wireless sensor networks. Therefore, sensor operating systems should be able to operate efficiently in terms of energy consumption and resource management. In this paper, we present an efficient memory allocation scheme to improve the time and space efficiency of memory management for the sensor operating systems. Our experimental results show that the proposed scheme performs efficiently in both time and space compared with existing memory allocation mechanisms.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.327-334
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• 2013

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze for resonant frequency, vibration transmissibility and damping ratio of multi-layered corrugated structures using a random vibration test. Methods: The random vibration test was performed by the ASTM D4728 specifications using two paperboards (S120, K180) and two types of flutes (A/F, B/F). Damping ratio of the multi-layered corrugated structures was estimated using a theoretical equation derived from the measured resonant frequency and transmissibility. Results: The resonant frequency and vibration transmissibility of the multi-layered corrugated structures of K180 and B-flute were higher than those of S120 and A-flute, respectively; however, the damping ratio of each sample had the opposite tendency. The resonant frequency was inversely proportional to the sample thickness and static stress; vibration transmissibility and damping ratio were not correlated with sample thickness and static stress. In addition, we developed a mathematical model of the resonant frequency with variables of sample thickness and static stress. Conclusions: Results of this study can be useful for environment-friendly and optimal packaging design since vibration has been a key factor in cushioning packaging design.