• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.141-153
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• 2009

There have been a lot of researches about KM(knowledge management) in domestic and foreign countries since 1990. Especially, there have been a lot of researches about enabler of KM, knowledge asset etc. but these are insufficient researches about performance measure of knowledge management considering maturity of KM. In addition, performance measure and maturity considering enabler to manage successful knowledge as well as knowledge asset which can be the following result are not the sufficient situation. Therefore, this study makes developmental levels of the inside and outside of the corporate by observing previous studies about the maturity of knowledge management and classifies enabler of knowledge management and measure item about knowledge asset by level, considering the features of each developmental level. And it is designed to propose maturity measure methods considering maturity level of actual knowledge management item by drawing indicator to measure classified items.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.511-513
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• 1998

Tomato fruits(Lycopersicon esculentum $M_{ILL}$.) picked at mature (from mature green to breaker) and ripe (from pink to red) stage were packed into two layers in corrugated fiberbox and transported 200km and 400km from the harvested site. Loss (abrasion + cracking) in marketability was lowest (11.0%) from mature + 200km transport, followed by mature + 400km transport(13.5%), ripe + 200km transport(28.5%), and ripe + 400km transport (45.5%). When data were pooled by fruit maturity, firmness of mature fruit was 1.55 times higher than ripe fruit. However, vitamin C content was 1.25 times higher in ripe fruit than in mature fruit. Fruit transported longer distance and packed in bottom layer within a box exhibited lower firmness and vitamin C content in both maturity. It was concluded that it is desirable to transport relatively shorter distance for ripe tomato and longer distance for less ripe fruit.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.30 no.2 s.79
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• pp.143-157
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• 2000

To investigate the developmental stages of dental and skeletal maturation by ages and the correlations among dental maturity, skeletal maturity of cervical vertebrae, and that of hand-and-wrist, the author used the cephalograms, orthopantomograms, and hand-and-wrist radiograms of 1055 patients (male 458, female 597) aged 7 to 20 years old. In the cephalograms, the skeletal maturity stages of each bone were mainly assessed by Hassel and Farman's cervical vertebrae maturation indicators (CVMI) method. In the orthopantomograms, the dental maturity stages of each tooth were mainly assessed by Nolla's tooth calcification stages method. In the hand-and-wrist radiograms, the skeletal maturity stages of each bone were mainly assessed by Fishman's skeletal maturity indicators (SMI) method. The results were as follows. 1. There was a high correlation among dental maturity, skeletal maturity of cervical vertebrae, and that of hand-and-wrist in the both sexes (P<0.001). 2. There was a high correlation (r=0.91-0.93) between skeletal maturity of cervical vertebrae and that of hand-and-wrist. 3. There was a high correlation (r>0.8) between skeletal maturity of hand-and-wrist and maturity of upper and lower canine, first premolar, and second premolar. 4. There was high a correlation(r=0.8) between skeletal maturity of cervical vertebrae and maturity of upper canine. 5. By the ages, dental maturity, skeletal maturity of cervical vertebrae, and that of hand-and-wrist were obtained in the both sexes. In summary, dental maturity, skeletal maturity of cervical vertebrae, and that of hand-and-wrist we of sufficient diagnostic worth as an index to predict adolescent growth.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.33 no.5_2
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• pp.699-708
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• 2017

The present study was to develop an approach for predicting soybean yield using a crop growth simulation model at the regional level where the detailed and site-specific information on cultivation management practices is not easily accessible for model input. CROPGRO-Soybean model included in Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) was employed for this study, and Illinois which is a major soybean production region of USA was selected as a study region. As a first step to predict soybean yield of Illinois using CROPGRO-Soybean model, genetic coefficients representative for each soybean maturity group (MG I~VI) were estimated through sowing date experiments using domestic and foreign cultivars with diverse maturity in Seoul National University Farm ($37.27^{\circ}N$, $126.99^{\circ}E$) for two years. The model using the representative genetic coefficients simulated the developmental stages of cultivars within each maturity group fairly well. Soybean yields for the grids of $10km{\times}10km$ in Illinois state were simulated from 2,000 to 2,011 with weather data under 18 simulation conditions including the combinations of three maturity groups, three seeding dates and two irrigation regimes. Planting dates and maturity groups were assigned differently to the three sub-regions divided longitudinally. The yearly state yields that were estimated by averaging all the grid yields simulated under non-irrigated and fully-Irrigated conditions showed a big difference from the statistical yields and did not explain the annual trend of yield increase due to the improved cultivation technologies. Using the grain yield data of 9 agricultural districts in Illinois observed and estimated from the simulated grid yield under 18 simulation conditions, a multiple regression model was constructed to estimate soybean yield at agricultural district level. In this model a year variable was also added to reflect the yearly yield trend. This model explained the yearly and district yield variation fairly well with a determination coefficients of $R^2=0.61$ (n = 108). Yearly state yields which were calculated by weighting the model-estimated yearly average agricultural district yield by the cultivation area of each agricultural district showed very close correspondence ($R^2=0.80$) to the yearly statistical state yields. Furthermore, the model predicted state yield fairly well in 2012 in which data were not used for the model construction and severe yield reduction was recorded due to drought.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.45.3-46
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• 2015

Space weathering agents such as micrometeoroids and solar wind particles continuously age the uppermost regolith of the lunar surface by comminuting as well as darkening and reddening. Among several maturity indices, we investigate median grain size () and optical maturity (OMAT) of the crater rim walls. Crater rim wall is the most immature place among the impact crater features because the vertical mixing process by mass-movement can enhance the gardening of regolith and the supply of immature materials in the deeper layer to the surface. More than 140 simple and complex craters were considered. Both and OMAT values of the inner rim wall initially increase as the crater size increases until ~10-20 km, then decrease. This transition crater size happens to correspond to the transition diameter from simple to complex craters. For larger craters, i.e., complex craters, it is clear that the inner rim wall of the craters formed in recent eras tend to remain fresh and become mature along with time. For the simple crater case, smaller craters are more mature, which is opposite to the case of complex craters. This is thought to be because smaller craters become flattened more quickly, thus have smaller vertical mixing in the regolith due to mass-movement. We will also discuss on the maturity indices of the crater rim walls at high latitudes as a function of the position angle to see the latitude dependence of the space weathering process.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.794-799
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• 2009

The temperature control of in-place concrete is the most important factor for an early age of curing concrete. Heat stress of mass concrete caused by the heat of hydration can induce the crack of concrete, and a frost damage from cold weather casting concrete results defect on compressive strength and degradation of durability. Therefore, success and failure of concrete work is dependant on the measurement and control of concrete temperature. In addition, the compressive strength assessment of in-place concrete obtained from the maturity calculated from the history of temperature make a reduction of construction cycle time, possible. For that purpose, wireless temperature measuring system was developed to control temperature and assess strength of concrete. And, it was possible to monitor the temperature of concrete over 1km apart from site office and to take a proper measure; mesh-type network was developed for wireless sensor. Furthermore, curing control system that contains the program capable to calculate the maturity of concrete from the history of temperature and to assess the compressive strength of concrete was established. In this study, organization and practical method of developed curing control system are presented; base on in-place application case.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.224-236
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• 2002

A long-term growth simulation was performed at 496 land units in the western coastal plains (WCP) of North Korea to test the potential adaptability of each land unit for growing South Korean rice cultivars. The land units for rice cultivation (CZU), each of them represented by a geographically referenced 5 by 5 km grid tell, were identified by analyzing satellite remote sensing data. Surfaces of monthly climatic normals for daily maximum and minimum temperature, precipitation number of rain days and solar radiation were generated at a 1 by 1 km interval by spatial statistical methods using observed data at 51 synoptic weather stations in North and South Korea during 1981-2000. Grid cells felling within a same CZU and, at the same time, corresponding to the satellite data- identified rice growing pixels were extracted and aggregated to make a spatially explicit climatic normals relevant to the rice growing area of the CZU. Daily weather dataset for 30 years was randomly generated from the monthly climatic normals of each CZU. Growth and development parameters of CERES-rice model suitable for 11 major South Korean cultivars were derived from long-term field observations. Eight treatments comprised of 2 transplanting dates $\times$ 2 cropping systems $\times$ 2 irrigation methods were assigned to each cultivar. Each treatment was simulated with the randomly generated 30 years' daily weather data (from planting to physiological maturity) for 496 land units in WCP to simulate the growth and yield responses to the interannual climate variation. The same model was run with the input data from the 3 major crop experiment stations in South Korea to obtain a 30 year normal performance of each cultivar, which was used as a "reference" for comparison. Results were analyzed with respect to spatial and temporal variation in yield and maturity, and used to evaluate the suitability of each land unit for growing a specific South Korean cultivar. The results may be utilized as decision aids for agrotechnology transfer to North Korea, for example, germplasm evaluation, resource allocation and crop calendar preparation.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.16 no.5 s.83
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• pp.725-731
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• 2004

A field test program was conducted for the newly placed concrete pavement of US Interstate Highway 10 between March 26th and 28th, 2003. The test section was located between Van Horn and Sierra Blanca in Hudspeth County approximately 130 km east of El Paso, Texas. The main objective of the test was collecting moisture-related data to validate the models of effective curing thickness, evaporation rate, and moisture-based maturity. Effect of moisture loss on drying shrinkage strain was studied using additional test instrumentation.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.489-498
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• 2017

This study analyzed whether the suitability of strategy is playing a regulative role between IT characteristics & user characteristics and non-financial performance empirically. To this end, this study set up IT characteristics and user characteristics as independent variables, and set up non-financial performance as the performance variable of KMS, and also set up the suitability of the management strategy & informatization strategy of a business as moderating variables. This study defined the detailed factors in IT characteristics as IT maturity and IT/IS infrastructure while defining the detailed factors in user characteristics as perceived profit, organizing of learning, and user professionalism. In addition, this study defined non-financial performance as an organization member satisfaction, and KMS availability. As a result of the analysis, IT maturity & IT/IS infrastructure, which are defined as IT characteristics, and perceived profit, organizing of learning and user professionalism, etc., which were defined as user characteristics, were found to be variables playing a regulative role in non-financial performance.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.112-126
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• 1991

The atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration is ever-increasing and expected to reach about 600 ppmv some time during next century. Such an increase of $CO_2$ may cause a warming of the earth's surface of 1.5 to 4.5$^{\circ}C$, resulting in great changes in natural and agricultural ecosystems. The climatic scenario under doubled $CO_2$ projected by general circulation model of Goddard Institute for Space Studies(GISS) was adopted to evaluate the potential impact of climate change on agroclimatic resources, net primary productivity and rice productivity in Korea. The annual mean temperature was expected to rise by 3.5 to 4.$0^{\circ}C$ and the annual precipitation to vary by -5 to 20% as compared to current normal climate (1951 to 1980), resulting in the increase of possible duration of crop growth(days above 15$^{\circ}C$ in daily mean temperature) by 30 to 50 days and of effective accumulated temperature(EAT=∑Ti, Ti$\geq$1$0^{\circ}C$) by 1200 to 150$0^{\circ}C$. day which roughly corresponds to the shift of its isopleth northward by 300 to 400 km and by 600 to 700 m in altitude. The hydrological condition evaluated by radiative dryness index (RDI =Rn/ $\ell$P) is presumed to change slightly. The net primary productivity under the 2$\times$$CO_2$ climate was estimated to decrease by 3 to 4% when calculated without considering the photosynthesis stimulation due to $CO_2$ enrichment. Empirical crop-weather model was constructed for national rice yield prediction. The rice yields predicted by this model under 2 $\times$ $CO_2$ climatic scenario at the technological level of 1987 were lower by 34-43% than those under current normal climate. The parameters of MACROS, a dynamic simulation model from IRRI, were modified to simulate the growth and development of Korean rice cultivars under current and doubled $CO_2$ climatic condition. When simulated starting seedling emergence of May 10, the rice yield of Hwaseongbyeo(medium maturity) under 2 $\times$ $CO_2$ climate in Suwon showed 37% reduction compared to that under current normal climate. The yield reduction was ascribable mainly to the shortening of vegetative and ripening period due to accelerated development by higher temperature. Any simulated yields when shifted emergence date from April 10 to July 10 with Hwaseongbyeo (medium maturity) and Palgeum (late maturity) under 2 $\times$ $CO_2$ climate did not exceed the yield of Hwaseongbyeo simulated at seedling emergence on May 10 under current climate. The imaginary variety, having the same characteristics as those of Hwaseongbyeo except growth duration of 100 days from seedling emergence to heading, showed 4% increase in yield when simulated at seedling emergence on May 25 producing the highest yield. The simulation revealed that grain yields of rice increase to a greater extent under 2$\times$ $CO_2$-doubled condition than under current atmospheric $CO_2$ concentration as the plant type becomes more erect.