• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
• /
• 제24권4호
• /
• pp.277-285
• /
• 2020

The disease-causing koi herpes virus (KHV), also known as cyprinid herpesvirus-3 (CyHV3), causes mass mortality of koi and carp. Koi (Cyprinus carpio) is a host for KHV, one of 12 virus species in the Alloherpesviridae family. We examined the effects of KHV disease koi (KK), and on koi×red common carp (KR) and red common carp×koi (RK) cross, using a virus challenge test. The infected fish had clinical signs that included gill necrosis and skin lesions. The RK and KR were highly more resistant (cumulative mortality: RK; 6% and KR; 8%) to KHV infection than KK fish (cumulative mortality: 28%). KHV DNA was confirmed in the tissues of all dead fish in groups by use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the presence of the KHV protein in kidney was confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Histological analysis showed severe gill lesions and fusion of the lamellae in KK fish, but less severe damage in RK fish. In immunohistochemistry analysis, the KHV protein localized in the cytoplasm of infected kidney cells of KK, but the cross groups had lower levels of KHV antigen. Our data indicate that the cross groups had increased resistance to KHV disease.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.361-370
• /
• 2017

Koi herpesvirus (KHV), also known as Cyprinid herpes virus 3 (Cyprinid 3) is lethal disease in common carp and koi (Cyprinus carpio). Two different groups (KK and RK) were infected KHV by intraperitoneal injection. Fish for gene expression analysis were sampled at 0 h, 12 h, 24 h, 48 h and 72 h post infection (p.i). The results showed that two immune related gene, Interferons (INFs) ${\alpha}{\beta}$ and Interleukin (IL)-12 p35 induced a high response in RK. The IL-12 p35 cytokine and Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 were significantly high expressed on 48 h post infection (p.i) in RK as compared to the KK. The histopatological examination reveals focal necrosis in liver and infiltrate of lymphocytes in spleen of KK as compared to the RK. In immunohistochemistry analysis, the KHV protein high expressed in the infected kidney cell and slenocyte of KK. Therefore, the expression of IL-12 p35, IFN ${\alpha}{\beta}$ and TLR 9 may provide a potentially genes related with KHV resistance in Koi and red common carp ${\times}$ koi.

• 한국어병학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.131-135
• /
• 2010

국내 양식잉어는 1998년부터 잉어바이러스성 질병으로 인해 대량 폐사되었다. 본 연구에서는 잉어바이러스성 질병과 KHV병과의 연관성을 조사하기 위하여 잉어바이러스성 질병으로 대량 폐사된 잉어를 대상으로 병리조직학적 검사를 실시하여 병리적 병변을 비교하였다. 병리조직학적 검사 결과, 괴사병소와 공포성 세포를 특징으로 하는 특이 병변이 신장, 비장, 간, 췌장, 심장 및 소화관에서 관찰되어 전신성 병변을 보였으나, KHV병의 특이적 병변인 호산성 핵내 봉입체를 가진 세포들은 관찰되지 않았다. 이상의 결과로 국내에서 발생하는 잉어바이러스성 질병은 KHV병과는 다른 새로운 바이러스성 질병으로 사료되었다.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.79-83
• /
• 2010

Since 1998, a new viral disease with high mortality has been consistently recorded in Korea in cultured carp, Cyprinus carpio. In this study, we investigated an epizootic of the disease that caused high mortality rates in carp obtained from 11 farms in Korea between 1999 and 2007. Assessment of koi herpesvirus (KHV) levels in diseased carp was carried out to determine if this virus was the etiologic agent of disease in this instance. High mortality rates in carp were recorded mainly in the spring and autumn at water temperatures between $19^{\circ}C$ and $24^{\circ}C$. Diseased fish typically showed surface discoloration, with a thick opaque mucus covering the body and gills. Protozoan parasites and bacteria were recovered from 7/29 (24%) and 2/26 (8%) of fish, respectively. Evidence of viral infection was marked; cytopathic effects (CPEs), characterized by cell rounding and an extended cytoplasm in fathead minnow (FHM) cells, were detected in 40/41 fish (98%). A high mortality rate (80%) resulted when supernatants of cell cultures showing CPEs were applied to previously healthy fish. KHV was detected by polymerase chain reaction in 6/41 fish (15%), but was not detected in supernatants obtained from cell cultures showing CPEs. These results suggest that KHV may not be the etiologic agent of the high mortality occurring among cultured carp in Korea; therefore, some other-as yet unidentified-infective agent must be responsible.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• 제26권7호
• /
• pp.437-446
• /
• 2023

Cyprinids are popular species for aquaculture worldwide, with Asia being a significant contributor to their production. In Korea, common carp (Cyprinus carpio), koi carp (Cyprinus rubrofuscus), and goldfish (Carassius auratus) are cultivated domestically and imported for ornamental or human consumption purposes. Among the viruses that infect cyprinids, cyprinid herpesvirus-2 (CyHV-2), koi herpesvirus (KHV, also known as cyprinid herpesvirus-3), and carp edema virus (CEV) are of particular concern as they cause substantial economic losses to the aquaculture industry. In this study, we investigated these viruses in both of domestic and imported cyprinids. Our results revealed that CyHV-2 was only detected in imported goldfish from Thailand. To further investigate the genetic characteristics of them, the marker A region was analyzed. Despite belonging to the same cluster with isolates from China, France, Poland, and Israel, CyHV-2 detected in this study showed distinct differences in their repetitive sequence sizes. Furthermore, two different forms of KHV/CEV coinfection were identified from domestic koi carp, both of which exhibited typical symptoms. Phylogenetic analysis showed that one KHV isolate (ScKc-2105-K) was of the Asian type and closely related to isolates from Japan, Indonesia, Belgium, Taiwan, and China. Two CEV isolates (ScKc-2105-CE and GhKc-2207-CE) be- longed to the IIa type and showed high similarity with isolates from the USA, France, and Korea. Notably, koi carp injected with cultured KHV (ScKc-2105-K) showed 78.0% cumulative mortality within 14 days post-injection (dpi). Our findings support the importance of regular surveillance of viral diseases in cyprinids.

• 한국어병학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.85-98
• /
• 2010

농림수산식품부와 국립수산과학원에서는 2009년도 방류 품종 (해면 품종 22종과 내수면 품종 11품종)을 대상으로 수산동물전염병의 감염 여부를 검사하였다. 총 12개 지방자치단체에 서 방류를 실시한 것으로 나타났으며, 이 중에서 경상남도, 전라남도, 제주도 및 충청남도는 해면 품종을 주로 방류하였으며, 경기도, 전라북도 및 충청북도는 내수면 품종을 많이 방류하는 것으로 나타났다. 검사품종중에서 해산품종으로는 전복이 24.5%로 가장 많았으며, 그 다음 해삼(15.2%), 넙치 (11.5%), 감성돔과 조피볼락(6.8%), 꽃게 (5.6%), 돌돔 (5.1%), 볼락 (4.6%), 붉은쏨뱅이 (4.5%)로 나타났다. 내수면 품종 중에서는 붕어가 19.4%로 가장 많았으며, 그 다음으로 뱀장어 (17.0%), 동자개 (12.3%), 다슬기 (12.0%), 메기 (8.4)의 순으로 검사 실적이 많았다. 총 33종의 품종을 대상으로 1,080회의 검사가 의뢰되었으며, 검사항목별로 2,066건의 검사를 실시한 결과 19건에서 red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV), koi herpesvirus (KHV) 또는 white spot syndrome virus (WSSV)와 같은 병원체가 검출되어 불합격 처리되었다.

• 한국어병학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.121-129
• /
• 2011

배양장에서 생산된 양식생물은 자원조성에 필요한 종묘를 제공한다는 측면에서 매우 중요한 역할을 담당하고 있으며, 방류종묘의 질, 특히 개체의 건강도 는 방류이후 서식처에서 생존하고 자원조성 효과를 결정짓는데 매우 중요한 요소가 된다. 2010년도 방류 품종(해면품종 33종과 내수면품종 12품종)을 대상으로 수산동물전염병의 감염 여부를 검사하였다. 검사 품종 중에서 해면품종으로는 전복이 20.0%로 가장 많았으며, 그 다음 해삼(15.6%), 넙치(8.4%), 조피볼락(6.7%), 감성돔(6.3%), 꽃게(6.1%) 순으로 나타났다. 내수면품종 중에서는 붕어가 19.4%로 가장 많았으며, 그 다음으로 뱀장어(11.8%), 동자개(10.9%), 쏘가리(10.8%), 다슬기(8.4%), 메기(7.7%)의 순으로 나타났다. 총 45개 품종을 대상으로 1,120회의 검사가 의뢰되었으며, 검사 항목별로 2,105건의 검사를 실시한 결과 30건에서 koi herpesvirus (KHV), red sea bream iridovirus (RSIV), white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) 또는 viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV)와 같은 병원체가 검출되어 불합격 처리되었다.