• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.847-853
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• 2007

In Korean coastal areas, land reclamations are main development projects that should be based on environmental impact assessment(EIA), because those human interventions can change coastlines, damage tidal flats, and pollute adjacent areas to threat seafood safety and devaluate overall ecosystem service value. Existing procedures of the EIA for land reclamation projects were diagnosed and evaluated to enhance them. Problems were identified in the designation of survey areas, the consistency in survey sites and periods, the standardization of survey methods and reports, the confidence of survey results and the verification of predictions. Lack of integration was noticeable and could be improved by synthesizing different assessments from topography geography, marine physics, marine chemistry and marine biology. We suggest that successful precautionary marine environment management requires readjusting the cost of EIA, recruiting experts in marine environment, constructing database and establishing specialized assessment system.

• 대한자기공명의과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한자기공명의과학회 2002년도 제7차 학술대회 초록집
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• pp.106-106
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• 2002

Purpose： The purposes of our study are (1) to develop a brain phantom which can be used for multimodal image registration, (2) to evaluate the accuracy of image registration with the home-made phantom. Method： A brain phantom which could be used for image registration technique of CT-MR and CT-SPECT images using chamfer matching was developed. The brain phantom was specially designed to obtain imaging dataset of CT, MR, and SPECT. The phantom had an external frame with 4 N-shaped pipes filled with acryl rods for CT, MR imaging and Pb rods for SPECT imaging. 8 acrylic pipes were inserted into the empty space of the brain phantom to be imaged for geometric evaluation of the matching. Accuracy of image fusion was assessed by the comparison between the center points of the section of N-shaped bars in the external frame and the inserted pipes of the phantom. Technique with partially transparent, mixed images using color on gray was used for visual assessment of the image registration process.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.114-122
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was aimed at evaluating the effects of Music Therapy for the autistic children. Method: The subjects of this study consisted of 3 autistic children who were trained in an Attachment Promotion Therapy Program for 6 months. The Children were all males and 4years 9months, 3years 1 month, and 3years 8month each, and diagnosed with Autism by Child and Adolescent Psychiatrists. Data was collected by using video-taping methods(ADOS, Fagot's Interactive Behavior Code), an interview and observational methods(SMS). Music Therapy intervention was done once a week for 6 months. Data was gathered by quantitative and qualitative analysis. Result: This study showed that the Autism Diagnostic Observation Scale and Social Maturity Quotient(SQ) much improved after the Music Therapy After the Music Therapy, the Interactive Behavior Code : Gaze, Gesture for the communication, Verbal language, Laughing/Smile, and Normal play behaviors increased more than before the intervention. As the results show, the child's behavior became more positively responsive, playful, and attentive to others. Conclusion: This study suggests that Music Therapy might be an effective intervention for autistic disorder children in order to decrease autistic symptoms and increase joint attention behavior.

• Design & Manufacturing
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2015

This paper presented characterization of spray velocity and angle of spray nozzle systems for cosmetic products. Diameter and length of nozzle orifice were chosen as shape factors of the spray system. Spray orifice of the spray pattern is a factor influencing the quality of the product. Fluid analysis was conducted by using "Fluent" to obtain spray angle and velocity. RSM (Response Surface Method) was used to approximate the relationship between these 2 factors and spray characteristics. To evaluate the proposed method, experimental work with existing was conducted and good agreement between simulation and experimental results.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2007년도 제38회 하계학술대회
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• pp.734-735
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• 2007

송전선로를 설계할 때, 경제성을 고려하는 것이 중요하지만, 정전에 의한 피해를 최소화하기 위하여 전기적인 절연설계 및 구조 설계를 최적화하도록 노력하고 있다. 그러나 낙뢰는 절연설계에 있어서 외부적인 요소로 낙뢰에 의한 계통의 순간 정전을 최소화하기 위해서는 많은 비용뿐만 아니라 기술적으로도 해결해야할 문제가 많이 있다. 이러한 낙뢰에 의한 정전은 외국의 경우 230 kV 송전전로에서 약 26%, 345 kV 송전선로에서 약 65%를 점유하는 것으로 보고 되고 있다. 한전의 경우도 약 60%가 낙뢰에 의한 고장으로 이것을 줄이려는 관심이 높아지고 있다. 좁은 국토의 효율적 이용의 필요성과 송전선로 건설시 주민들의 반대 등 제약 요소 때문에, 한전에서는 세계 최초로 765 kV 송전선로를 2회선 선로로 설계하고 건설하여 운영하고 있어, 외국의 1회선 송전선로에 비해 낙뢰에 의한 순간정전에 취약한 구조를 갖고 있다. 특히 한전에서 운전중인 765 kV 송전선로 중에서 동해안 지역에 위치한 송전선로의 뇌 사고율이 서해안 지역에 위치한 송전선로보다 높은 것으로 보고 되고 있어, 본 논문에서는 그 원인을 분석하고자 한다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.65-73
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• 2011

The fibrous raw materials in packaging-grade paper production in Korea were mainly obtained from waste paper. The use of recycled paper has both positive and negative impacts in papermaking process. The primary positive impacts are the environmental protection and manufacturing cost reduction, and the negative impacts are the quality reduction in paper quality and the accumulation of heavy metals and other pollutants in wet- and dry-end process. This study was carried out to consider the optimum acid decomposition system with the highest recovery rate for the analysis of heavy metals in packaging-grade paper. The open digestion system using Kjeldahl apparatus and the closed digestion system using microwave oven for decomposing the organic materials in paper were compared. In both open and closed digestion method, the combination of nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide showed higher recovery rate than using only nitric acid alone because the presence of Cl- ions in hydrochloric acid stabilizes ligand formation with metal ions. KOCC was observed to have the highest heavy metal content among the recycled paper samples. The heavy metal contents decomposed with the closed digestion system were relatively higher than with open digestion system.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.47-53
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• 2010

It is important to utilize the citrus sludge in terms of the reuse of waste materials in the manufacture of corrugated medium. Especially, the mandarin industry occupies the first place in Jeju province. In this paper, the application of citrus sludge mixed with KOCC recycled fibers into the manufacture of corrugated medium was studied. The citrus sludge was acidic in pH value. Also, the constituents of citrus sludge contain some short fibers, fines, and mucus which contain flavonoids, pectins and so on. In papermaking application, these components cause some troubles like foams, bad smell, fouling on the paper machine, and bad drainage and web breaks of wet web. The strength properties of handsheets prepared from KOCC and citrus sludge was decreased, compare to handsheets made of only KOCC. To compensate the problems on strength properties, some kinds of additives were tried to apply into papermaking wet-end system in laboratory scale. As a result, mixing conditions of alum, starch and anionic additives showed the best options in the recovery of strength properties and formations of corrugated medium.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.78-87
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• 2013

Even though the notice No. 2010-11 of the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety Administration that has been applied to analyze the content of the water soluble residue eluted from multi-layer paperboard was abolished in 2011, its application for the analysis on evaporation residue is still valid. There are very high possibilities that the noticed existing method gives the misleading result on the evaporation residue due to the water soluble starch eluted from the multi-layer paperboard. The quantitative analysis on water-soluble residue with starch content correction has been carried in the study using UV/Vis spectroscopy and HPLC. The UV/Vis spectroscopy absorbance analysis showed the large amount of the oxidized starch obtained from the aqueous residue eluted out of the multi-layer paperboard after the iodine, ${\alpha}$-amylase reaction, and starch hydrolysis. The residual content decreased by the correction through the enzyme hydrolysis.

• 지구물리
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2006

Recently, spillways are need to control stable water level for supporting main dams because of floods by unusual change of weather such as Typhoon Rusa. This study has been focused on the amount of leakage through the rock mass distributed fractures and joints under the opened emergency spillway. It is very important to evaluate the amount of leakage as these affect stability of spillway by interaction between effective stress and pore pressure. The commercial program MAFIC has been used for analyzing groundwater flow in fractured rock mass. The results showed that the values of range, average and deviation of leakage were 2.85∼3.79×10-1, 3.32×10-1 and 1.70×10-2 m3/day/m2 respectively. Secondary, we have estimated the effect of grouting after the transmissivity(Tf) of joint 1 as main pathway of leakage known from above results was changed from 1.78×10-7 to 1.59×10-9 m2/s. The results showed that the values of range, average and deviation of leakage were 7.80×10-4∼1.53×10-3, 1.18×10-3 and 1.32×10-4 m3/day/m2 respectively. As the result, the amount of leakage after grouting has been decreased by a ratio of 1 to 277.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.194-197
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• 2021

Salmonella enterica is a representative foodborne pathogen in the world. The S. enterica strain K_SA184 was isolated from the lamb (Ovis aries), which was collected from a local traditional market in South Korea. In this study, the S. enterica strain K_SA184 was sequenced using PacBio RS II and Illumina NextSeq 500 platforms. The final complete genome of the S. enterica strain K_SA184 consist of one circular chromosome (4,725,087 bp) with 52.3% of guanine + cytosine (G + C) content, 4,363 of coding sequence (CDS), 85 of tRNA, and 22 of rRNA genes. The S. enterica strain K_SA184 genome includes encoding virulence genes, such as Type III secretion systems and multidrug resistance related genes.