• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.155-166
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• 1996

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.167-172
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• 1996

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.107-126
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• 1992

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.127-141
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• 1992

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2011

Objectives : The aim of this survey study is to analysis clinical symptoms and patterns of dementia patients. The results of this study will be used to support development of the oriental herbal medicine for dementia. Methods : Clinical data were collected from 41 dementia patients and 20 aged persons who have no cognitive impairment in 3 sites including 2 hospitals and 1 sanatorium. 'The instrument of oriental medical evaluation for dementia' is used to evaluate clinical symptoms and patterns of all subjects. Results : 1. Subjects of deficiency syndrome patterns were nearly three times more than subjects of excess syndrome patterns. 2. In dementia patient group, the average rate for 4 clinical symptoms, related with treatment principle of clear heat, was 26.9%. 3. The average rate for 4 clinical symptoms, related with condition of urine and feces, was 15.6%. 4. The average rate for 5 clinical symptoms, related with anger, irritation, anxiety and restlessness, was 40.0%. Conclusions : 1. It is needed to develop new herbal medicine for dementia focuing on clear heat, anger, irritation, anxiety, restlessness, and condition of urine and feces. 2. 'The instrument of oriental medical evaluation for dementia' has strong tendency that excessively reflects general geriatric symptoms, related to deficiency syndrome patterns. so, more clinical symptoms of excess syndrome should be added in this tool.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.43-54
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• 2008

Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the anticonvulsive effects of Gamiheichumhwan extract and to explain its action in GABAergic neuromodulation of the rat brain. Method: The extracts of Gamiheichumhwan were investigated for their inhibitory effect on GABA transaminase activity, their influence on brain GABA and glutamate levels, their agonistic activity on GABA/benzodiazepine receptor and anticonvulsive action using in vitro and in vivo assays. Results: 1. The extract inhibited dose-dependently GABA transaminase (GABA-T) activity by 4.6% and 18.9%, respectively at dosages of 250 mg/kg and 500mg/kg mouse (p.o.). 2. Brian GABA level was increased to 72.0% and brain glutamate level was decreased to 9.6% at a dosage of 500 mg/kg mouse (p.o.). 3. The extract suppressed [3H]Ro15-1788 binding to rat cerebral cortical membrane by $81.4{\pm}0.8%$ at a dosage of 3.2 mg, suggesting its agonistic activity on GABA/benzodiazepin receptor. 4. The extract showed anticonvulsive effect by lengthening the onset time of convulsion, shortening the convulsion duration and diminishing the lethality. Conclusion : It is suggested that Gamiheichumhwan can be used to somnipathy and adapted to treatment and prevention of epilepsy or convulsion.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.121-126
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• 2004

The Common Symptoms of insomnia are to be hard to sleep, often wake up at night, be easy not to fall asleep again after waking up. In serious conditions, an insomniac can never get to sleep overnight. This is the case that we diagnosed a 49-year-old patient who demonstrates insomnia, palpitation, anxiety, dizziness, distress in the stormach as Deficiency of Yang(陽虛) and treated her. At 1st stage we diagnosed the patient as Insufficiency of both the heart and the spleen(心脾兩虛) and prescribed Gwibi-tang(歸脾湯), and next stage we dispensed bogol-dan(補骨丹) to cure Deficiency of Kidney Yang. As the result of treatment, the patient made a good improvement. We considered that this case report to be a good prcedent of Insomia due to deficiency of Yang.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.83-95
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• 2007

This study was performed to examine the anticonvulsant effects of the extracts of JeongGan-Tang and explanation of its action mechanism. Method: 1) The inhibitory effect on convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazole, picrotoxin and strychnine was investigated in vivo 2) The inhibitory effect on GABA transaminase activity was evaluated in vivo and in vitro. 3) The brain GABA level and glutamate level in pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsion model were analyzed by HPLC, Results: 1) JeongGan-Tang showed the significant effect on the pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsion, which may mean that its anticonvulsant effect would be resulted from the activation of GABA receptor and chloride channel rather than the presynaptic- or postsynaptic inhibition. 2) JeongGan-Tang exhibited proper inhibitory activity on GABA transaminase in vitro and in vivo. 3) JeongGan-Tang increased the brain GABA level but did not affect the brain glutamate content, which may suggest that this drug supresses the convulsion by increase of GABA, an inhibitory neurotransmitter. Conclusion : JeongGan-Tang can be used as an anticonvulsant prescription by the modulation of GABAergic neurotramission.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.39-52
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• 2002

The present experiments were designed to study the influence of Baekgumhwan on immune function of ICR mice under stress condition. Baekgumhwan was orally administered to the mice for 15days. on the 11th day the mice subjected to electric footshock for 5days(2 session a day, 11 footshocks a 31 min-session). B/T cell populations in splenocytes were studied by FACS analysis and cytokines($IFN-{\gamma}$ rand IL-10) production of the mouse splenocytes treated with PHA were studied by sandwich ELISA assay on the 15th day. The results were as follows. 1. After electric footshock, mice became sluggish and crowded to one side of the cage. Increased B/T cell populations in splenocytes were observed. These results confirm that electric footshock caused stress inducing immunological and behavioral changes in ICR mice. 2. Baekgumhwan administration without stress increase B cell populations in splenocytes, but T cell populations and cytokines($IFN-{\gamma}$ and IL-10) production of the mouse splenocytes treated with PHA maintain as similar levels as in the normal group. 3. Baekgumhwan administration with stress significantly antagonized the effect of electric footshock on behavior, increased B cell populations in splenocytes, so maintain as similar levels as in the normal group. cytokines($IFN-{\gamma}$ rand IL-10) production of the mouse splenocytes treated with PHA maintain as similar levels as in the normal group and T cell populations in splenocytes were increased as stress control.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.125-144
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• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to characterize the effect of the fraction of Korean mountain ginseng folium (FKG) on the learning and memory impairments induced by scopolamine. Methods: The memory ameliorating effect of FKG was investigated using a passive avoidance test, the Y-maze test, and the Morris water maze test in mice. Drug-induced amnesia was induced by treating animals with scopolamine(1mg/kg, i.p.). Results: FKG (2 or 4mg/kg, p.o.) administration significantly reversed scopolamine-induced cognitive impairments in mice by the passive avoidance test and the Y-maze test(P<0.05), and also improved escape latency in the Morris water maze test at 2 or 4mg/kg(P<0.05). Although FKG has little inhibitory activity for AChE (IC50 value; 1847 ${\mu}g/ml$) in an invitro study, phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase(pERK) was increased by the administration of FKG inhippocampus on immunohistochemistry. Conclusions: These results suggest that FKG may be a useful cognitive impairment treatment, and its beneficial effects are mediated, in part, via activation of ERK pathway.