• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.181-207
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• 2013

In this paper, a statistical reference-free real-time damage detection methodology is proposed for detecting joint and member damage of truss bridge structures. For the statistical damage sensitive index (DSI), wavelet packet decomposition (WPD) in conjunction with the log likelihood ratio was suggested. A sensitivity test for selecting a wavelet packet that is most sensitive to damage level was conducted and determination of the level of decomposition was also described. Advantages of the proposed method for applications to real-time health monitoring systems were demonstrated by using the log likelihood ratios instead of likelihood ratios. A laboratory truss bridge structure instrumented with accelerometers and a shaker was used for experimental verification tests of the proposed methodology. The statistical reference-free real-time damage detection algorithm was successfully implemented and verified by detecting three damage types frequently observed in truss bridge structures - such as loss of bolts, loosening of bolts at multiple locations, sectional loss of members - without reference signals from pristine structure. The DSI based on WPD and the log likelihood ratio showed consistent and reliable results under different damage scenarios.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.691-702
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• 2001

Objectives : This study was done to assess the effects of the clinical interchange between the Western Medicine and the Oriental Medicine for ischemic stroke patients. The patient outcomes include changes in neurologic function by modified NIH stoke scale, stroke pattern identification scale, and patient satisfaction, Methods : For the assessment of effects, this study was performed with 178 inpatients who had undergone the stroke care at three hospitals (W Hospital adopted western therapy, S Oriental Hospital adopted Sasang constitution medicine therapy, and H Oriental Hospital adopted mixed therapy according to a joint protocol on Western Oriental medical care) from November 1997 to December 1998. Patients were interviewed or written with self-entered questionnaire forms, and clinical data were obtained, Physicians or oriental doctors wrote clinical questionnaire forms according to the care process. Results : The patient outcomes within three hospitals at 2 stages (at admission and discharge in the modified NIH stroke scale. at admission and second weeks during admission in the stroke pattern identification scale) were found to be decreased, Especially in the results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis, the degree of improvement of modified NIH stroke scale of the stroke patients at W Hospital was significant large than it at S Oriental Hospital. Also, the degree of improvement of stroke pattern identification scale at W Hospital was significantly large than it at other two hospitals. However, the patient's satisfaction score at three hospitals wasn't significantly different. Conclusions : The result of this study suggested that the joint clinical research of Western & Oriental medical practitioners was possible even if there was a conflict between Western Medicine and Oriental Medicine. Therefore Western & Oriental medical practitioners share a mutual responsibility to apply evidence-based practice, to seek scientific empirical proof through randomized clinical trials between the multicenter.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.108-115
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• 2008

This study was performed to investigate the current status, in Korea, of the production of asbestos containing products (ACPs) such as asbestos cement products, asbestos friction materials, asbestos joint sheets, asbestos textile products, and other asbestos-containing products from May 2 to July 30, 2007. The information on ACPs was obtained through written questionnaires from 16 of the 27 companies that produce ACPs in Korea. The production amounts of asbestos containing gaskets were 70 tons in 2004, 90 tons in 2005, and 55 tons in 2006 in 4 companies and that of asbestos friction materials were 435.5 tons in 2004, 540.4 tons in 2005, and 454.3s ton in 2006 in 10 companies. The type and number of ACPs were:- 19 asbestos cement products, produced by 2 companies; 47 asbestos friction materials produced by 18 companies; 12 asbestos joint sheets productes by 4 companies; 18 asbestos textile products from 3 companies, and 6 other asbestos products from 5 companies. The database of ACPs was constructed to include the products name, identification number, name of company, production year, composition, asbestos content (%), usage, specification, and a picture. The database will be used to efficiently identify ACPs and to avoid asbestos exposure in workers and the general population.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.20-32
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• 2011

개착과정에서 붕락현상이 발생한 암반사면의 거동양상을 분석하였다. 개착사면 암반의 특성 분석을 위하여 시추작업을 수행하였으며, BIPS 영상 분석을 통하여 불연속면의 방향성과 시추공 내의 출현 위치를 측정하였다. 회수된 코어를 관찰하여 암반 내부의 구조적 취약성을 고찰하였다. 절리면에 협재된 팽윤성 점토광물의 조성을 X-선 회절분석을 통하여 조사하였으며, 직접전단실험을 수행하여 절리면 전단강도를 측정하였다. 사면파괴를 유발시킬 수 있는 절리들의 위치 및 방향성을 고려한 블록해석을 수행하여 규모별 블록안정성을 산출하였다. 횡단면 해석기법을 이용하여 개착과정 중에 발생할 수 있는 지반거동 양상을 분석하였으며, 안정성 확보를 위하여 소요되는 보강량을 산정하였다. 보강작업이 수행된 개착사면의 추가적인 거동양상을 계측 해석을 통하여 고찰하였다.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.373-381
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• 2016

Before the Conference of Parties (COP) 21 of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 2015, most parties of UNFCCC had submitted their intended nationally determined contributions (INDCs) and to achieve their voluntary targets, some parties consider using international market mechanisms. As one of such mechanisms, Japan promoted its own bilateral mechanism called Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM). In this study, feasibility studies and projects under JCM have been analyzed by project type, sector, country and region, which could provide some implications in designing Korea's future climate policy to achieve Korea's targets of 11.7% using international market mechanism in INDC. Since 2010, JCM has promoted 542 projects and feasibility studies in 44 countries according to the Institute for Global Environmental Strategies (IGES) database. Among 542 projects, about 80% were feasibility studies implying that JCM was more focused on project identification. However, current trends of JCM show that more projects will be soon implemented based on these feasibility studies. For sectoral categorization, projects were categorized into seven sectors-energy technology, energy efficiency, renewable energy, waste management, city, strategic planning and projects related to the country's efforts to reduce emissions from deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+). JCM projects were mitigation focused with more than 70% of projects were related to energy efficiency, renewable energy and energy technology. At the regional and country level, JCM is highly focused on Asia and especially, more than 100 projects were developed in Indonesia. Based on the analysis of JCM, in order to develop bilateral international mechanism for Korea, it is worthwhile to emphasize that Korea considers Asian countries as her partner. In addition, Korea may consider the collaboration with Multilateral Development Banks (MDBs) to implement projects identified by Korea and Asian partner countries. Furthermore, strategically, it is recommendable to develop jointly with Japan who has already capacity and networks with other Asian countries to mitigate GHG emissions. Such financial resources from MDBs and Japan may contribute to meet the 11.3% of GHG reduction target from abroad according to INDC of Korea.

• 한국컴퓨터산업학회논문지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.307-320
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• 2002

전자상거래는 거래당사자의 신원확인의 어려움, 거래의 암호화, 원격조정, 변환장치의 사용 등으로 조세행정상의 문제를 야기 시킨다. 전자상거래 관련 조세문제 해결의 핵심적 과제는 인터넷을 통한 거래사실, 거래내용 및 당사자의 확인이라고 볼 수 있으며 나아가서 과세당국은 납세의무자의 포착, 과세표준 파악 및 불성실신고자 색출 둥을 위해 과세자료를 적기에 확보하여야 할 것이다. 과세당국은 지불결제기관의 협조를 바탕으로 결제과정에 개입하여 세금을 원천징수함으로서 전자상거래와 관련된 과세문제를 효율적으로 해결하는 방안을 다각적으로 모색하고 있다. 전자상거래 사업자의 거주지국이 보유하는 사업자의 신원 및 등록정보, 매출처별 거래내용에 관한 정보를 소비자의 거주지국 과세당국에 제공하여 국제간에 공동으로 과세방안을 모색하는 것이 과세의 실효성 확보에 유리할 것이므로 특히 부가가치세의 징수를 위한 국제적 협조 메카니즘을 개발하는 것이 전자상거래에 대한 과세에 있어서 큰 관건이다.

• 정보보호학회논문지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.405-416
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• 2022

AI기술은 데이터 기반의 기계학습을 이용하여 삶의 질을 높여주고 있다. 기계학습을 이용시, 분산된 데이터를 전송해 한곳에 모으는 작업은 프라이버시 침해가 발생할 위험성이 있어 비식별화 과정을 거친다. 비식별화 데이터는 정보의 손상, 누락이 있어 기계학 습과정의 성능을 저하시키며 전처리과정을 복잡하게한다. 이에 구글이 2017년에 데이터의 비식별화와 데이터를 한 서버로 모으는 과정없이 학습하는 방법인 연합학습을 발표했다. 본 논문은 실제 금융데이터를 이용하여, K익명성, 차분프라이버시 재현데이터의 비식별과정을 거친 데이터의 학습성능과 연합학습의 성능간의 차이를 비교하여 효용성을 분석하였으며, 이를 통해 연합학습의 우수성을 보여주고자 한다. 실험결과 원본데이터 학습의 정확도는 91% K-익명성을 거친 데이터학습은 k=2일 때 정확도 79%, k=5일 때76%, k=7일 때 62%, 차분프라이버시를 사용한 데이터학습은 𝜖=2일 때 정확도 52%, 𝜖=1일 때 50%, 𝜖=0.1일 때 36% 재현데이터는 정확도 82%가 나왔으며 연합학습의 정확도는 86%로 두번째로 높은 성능을 보여 주었다.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.33-40
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• 2016

Objectives Despite the increasing use of Ja-ha-guh (Hominis-placenta ) pharmacopuncture in rehabilitative medicine field, its standard compound has yet to be investigated. The purpose of this study is to provide standardization for future studies and increase satisfaction of patients by utilizing standard pharmacopuncture. Methods Alanine and leucine were selected as potential standard compounds. LC/MS was used to devise an analytic method. This analytic method was subject to validation. According to validation guideline of Korea Food and Drug Administration, the specificity, linearity, precision, range, quantitative limits, detection limits and accuracy were measured. With this analysis, 3 lots of Ja-ha-guh pharmacopuncture were analyzed. Results Because the specificity, linearity, precision, range, quantitative limits, detection limits and accuracy meet criteria of the guideline, the analytic method was validated. It was found that Ja-ha-guh pharmacopuncture contained $211.02{\pm}7.28ug/ml$ of alanine and $372.03{\pm}7.58ug/ml$ of leucine. Conclusions Both alanine and leucine appear to be suitable standard compounds. These results are likely to contribute to further standardization of Ja-ha-guh for medical use.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2001년도 제14회 신호처리 합동 학술대회 논문집
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• pp.869-872
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• 2001

Blind identification and equalization of communication channel is important because it does not need training sequence, nor does it require a priori channel information. So, we can increase the bandwidth efficiency. The linear prediction error method is perhaps the most attractive in practice due to the insensitive to blind channel estimator and equalizer length mismatch as well as for its simple adaptive algorithms. In this paper, we propose method for fractionally spaced blind equalizer with arbitrary delay using one-step forward prediction error filter from second-order statistics of the received signals for SIMO channel. Our algorithm utilizes the forward prediction error as training sequences for data estimation and desired signal for channel estimation.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.175-178
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• 2014

We introduce the Energy-Based Blind Separating (EBS) algorithm for extremely fast separation of mixed speech signals without loss of quality, which is performed in two stages: iterative-form separation and closed-form separation. This algorithm significantly improves the separation speed simply due to incorporating only some specific frequency bins into computations. Simulation results show that, on average, the proposed algorithm is 43 times faster than the independent component analysis (ICA) for speech signals, while preserving the separation quality. Also, it outperforms the fast independent component analysis (FastICA), the joint approximate diagonalization of eigenmatrices (JADE), and the second-order blind identification (SOBI) algorithm in terms of separation quality.